248 ITAJUBA, VISCOUNT D\ 



ITALY. 



ITAJUBA, Viscount d>. XII. (See Diplomatic 

 Correspondence and Foreign Relations.) His 

 views on points before the Geneva Tribunal, 

 243, 244 ; arbitrator on behalf of Brazil before 

 the Geneva Tribunal, 246 ; vote in the confer- 

 ence, 255. 



ITALYt I. Its boundaries, 389; situation 

 at the commencement of the year, 389 ; address 

 of the King to the deputies of the people, 389 ; 

 title of King of Italy given to Victor Emmanuel, 

 390 ; history of the Roman question, 390 ; se- 

 cession of states, 390 ; letter of the Pope, 390 ; 

 aid sought from friendly powers, 390 ; action 

 of Spain, 390 ; refusal of the French to restore 

 the legations, 391 ; foreign volunteers, 391 ; 

 defeat, 391 ; present power of the Pope, 391 ; 

 population, 391; reorganization of the new 

 kingdom, 391 ; its debt, 392 ; the Neapolitan 

 kingdom, 392. 



II. Area and population, 535 ; loss of 

 Cavour, 535; his successor, 535; obstacles, 

 535 ; action of the French Emperor, 536 ; Ra- 

 tazzi, 536; his career, 536; restoration, 536; 

 policy, 537; movements of Garibaldi, 537; 

 defeat at Aspromonte, 538 ; arrest, 538. 



III. Territory, 542 ; King, 542 ; civil list, 

 543 ; constitution, 543 ; provinces and popula- 

 tion, 543 ; minis'try, 543 ; cities, 544 ; educa- 

 tion, 544 ; budget, 544 ; debt, 544 ; army, 545 ; 

 navy, 545 ; commerce, 545 ; brigandage, 546 ; 

 relations with Rome, 546 ; letter of Garibaldi, 

 547. 



IV. Government, 440 ; area, 440 ; ministry, 

 440 ; receipts and expenditures, 440 ; debt, 

 440 ; army, 440 ; navy, 440 ; commerce, 441 ; 

 brigandage, 441 ; Garibaldi, 441 ; relations be- 

 tween the Government and the Pope, 441; 

 public instruction, 441 ; convention with 

 France, 441 ; reconciliation with the papacy, 

 442; transfer of the capital, 443; insurrec- 

 tionary movements in Venetia, 443. 



V. King and heir-apparent, 442 ; ministry 

 and Legislature, 442 ; area and population, 442 ; 

 budget, 443 ; public debt, 443 ; army and na- 

 vy, 443 ; imports and exports, 443 ; movement 

 of shipping, 443 ; number and tonnage of ves- 

 sels, 443 ; circulation of the Papal Encyclical, 

 443 ; the Duke de Persigny on the Roman 

 question, 443 ; brigands in Southern Italy, 443 ; 

 the death-penalty, 443; ecclesiastical reform, 

 443 ; public manifestations in relation to the 

 assassination of President Lincoln, 443 ; nego- 

 tiations with the Holy See, 444; dissolution 



of Parliament, 444 ; measures proposed by the 

 ministry, 444, 445 ; electoral campaign, 445 ; 

 the Catholic party, 445; the " Party of Ac- 

 tion," 445 ; " Moderate Liberals," 445 ; prog- 

 ress of Liberalism, 445 ; speech of the King at 

 the opening of Parliament, 445, 446 ; resigna- 

 tion of ministers, 446 ; relations with Rome 

 and Austria, 446 ; recognition, 446 ; with- 

 drawal of French troops from Rome begun, 

 446. 



VI. Government, 409 ; area, 409 ; popula- 

 tion, 409 ; army, 409 ; commerce, 409 ; finances, 

 409 ; elections, 409 ; relations with Austria, 

 410; letter of Garibaldi, 410; declaration of 

 war, 410 ; manifesto, 410 ; treaty of peace, 

 410; popular vote in Venetia, 411; opening 

 of Parliament, 412 ; address of the King, 412 ; 

 relations with the Church, 412 ; exiled bishops, 

 412; letter of Baron Ricasoli, 413; treaty 

 with France, 414. 



VII. The King, Victor Emmanuel, 408 ; 

 area and population, 408 ; finances, 408 ; army 

 and navy, 408 ; commerce, 408 ; statistics of 

 professions and trades, 408 ; reduction of the 

 army, 408 ; law and independence of the 

 Church, and disposal of Church property, 408, 

 409 ; changes in the Chamber of Deputies, and 

 in the ministry, 409 ; new law concerning ec- 

 clesiastical property, 409 ; Garibaldi's expedi- 

 tion against the Papal States, 409 ; movements 

 of Garibaldi, and course of the Italian Govern- 

 ment, 409 ; change of ministry, 410 ; policy of 

 the new ministry, 410 ; action of the Chamber 

 of Deputies in December, 410 ; relations with 

 France, 410 ; French intervention on the Ro- 

 man question, 410 ; position of other foreign 

 countries on the Roman question, 411 ; pro- 

 posed conference,. 41 1 ; treaties with Austria, 

 Egyptian Azisich Company, North -German 

 Confederation, Japan, China, and Paraguay, 

 411 ; sentence of Admiral Persano, 411. 



VIII. Government, 386 ; area, 386 ; popu- 

 lation, 386; budget, 386; debt, 386; army, 

 386 ; navy, 386 ; universities and students, 386 ; 

 silk -trade, 386; woollens, 387; iron-mines, 

 387 ; marble, 387 ; agriculture, 387 ; tonnage, 

 387; railroads, 387; ministry, 387; finances, 

 387 ; report on, 387 ; financial measures, 388 ; 

 meeting of Parliament, 388 ; the Roman ques- 

 tion, 888; treaty with Switzerland, 389; letter 

 of Mazzini, 389 ; letter of Garibaldi, 389. 



IX. Government, 362 ; area and population, 

 362 ; public debt, 363 ; war-vessels, 363 ; com- 



