\T.\\ MIT.Yh'KT NKW HAMPSHIKK 



feny from 



New KnjrUnd Railroad* on the opposite side of the 

 oaMantcaUoa by means of steam- 

 FWbkill The Erie rUilnmd luu. two 

 irh, mid tin- New York, 

 Went Sbarr. and Hv id pa.w throiiL-h the 



-... mxl \VUTH and the Uhijth and 

 Hwkon Hirer brae Urre amounts of coal (<> be 

 hipped h< '- ur^'h ha- '1 hank-. a 



mvinir* bank, a hospital, a frw library of I'.. 1 " 1 " ! 

 UMa, 94 cbun-hea, a high-school. ami other public HIM! 

 print* school*. 2 daily and 4 weekly newspaper* It 

 M cuppuVJ with water from a lake 3 miles distant, DM 

 fas awl electric light, and a volunteer fire depart in. nt 

 of Soosspafues. The manufactures eomprae wooden- 

 and cotton-goods, carpets. agricultural imph incuts. 

 soap, oil-doth, paints, brushes, plaster, til.-, bar, UM! 

 beer. There are also foundries, boiler-works, and ship- 

 building-works. Orange county i- n.'t. I t.-r 

 tensive dairiea and excellent butter. Th.> nnn-j.- 

 powder-work* are noted for the cxr.-ll.-in-. of tlicir 

 product. Newburgh was noted duriniMlie revolutionary 

 war, and at it* dose the American army was disbanded 

 here.) Tlie old Hashrouck hmise. since 



known as the "Washington Head-quarter*." i> owned 

 by the State of New York, and i. ..pen t.. visitors. 

 Newburgh was incorporated as a <-ity in IS('.."). Its 

 property ia ameraed at about 10,000,000. and tliere is 

 a debt of $350,0m. Population in IS7<>was 1 7. lilt: 

 in I 



:\ I 'OUT. a city of Massachusetts, and a 

 shire-town of Eawz co.. is on the estuary of the M, r 

 rimack KIMT M mil.-- N K. of lioston. It has 4 

 nations I and .: savings banks. Is churches, a free 

 library. Putnam l-'n-c School. a hii:h-sehool. and other 

 schoow. The industrial works comprise an iron- 

 foundry. ii large cotton-factories, 9 shoe-factories, and 

 manufactories of pumps, rarriav - liat-. combs, and 

 silverware. There aru I weekly and l' daily newspapers 

 puMislicd here. Shiplmildin.ir lias U-en IMII^' carried 

 <>n her-. and many vessels are owned in the city. 

 I'luin Island, which helps to f'urin the harbor, has a 

 hotel Hummer Academy i.- in the town of Newbury, 

 from which Newburyport was separated in 1 764. The 

 latter was chartered as a city in 1851, and, in I SMI. | l: ,d 



ute. 



NKUVOMH. SIM .m.T, was born at 



- -..tia. March 1'J 1886 He removed 

 to the I'liited States at an early age. and while teach- 

 ing Hrh.H.I in Maryland was employed in IS57 as a 

 compnt. r |,, r the NOHtieal Minnnm-. In IM'.I he was 

 sp|-. luted profesMor of mathematics in the navy and 

 autioned at the naval observatory. He sti|>crintendcd 

 the construction and erection of the telesco]>e now 

 uaed there, which was then the largest in (lie world 

 In 1*74 he was secretary of the U. K commission f,, r 

 the ol~-r\atinn of the transit ..(' V.-nu- and he oriran- 

 ised the several expeditions then si'iit out. In l-77h.- 

 was made raperintendent <d' the A.n-rir,,,, /;, , lumen* 

 In ins) 1 M . , v: ,s also made 



profeanr of mathematics and astronomy in Baltimore 

 His astronomical reaearches have had reference t.. the 

 orbtU of the asteroids, solar parallax, action of the 

 pUlH-i- - m. etc The results h-ive 1,,-eii pul. 



putted partly l.\- th. Bmithaontan In-titution and partly 

 in the Ay,/.- \\\.. /!,/,/,;,- .\>tr,i,,ini/ (i - 



an excellent treatise. II puhlished text- 



'_ ; - '....-.. , !--| i. :! 



Vngimomttry (l ;> --i He has U. vivcn much 

 attenuoa to politi.-d -...numy and finance, and has 

 published A < 

 tal /Wy dun'na thr S-,,,1/,., , I;,!,,!!!,,,, 



T\r A finance (ls77). and ma. 



: . 



II AMPSHTKEiawWl known ..nmit,- 



from it- ('nnoiis White MOIIH- 



h hn<1 liv ''" ' 8 



Vl xvii 

 too 



av 



ing to toe amnic authoriiy its land area 



ia 9005 square miles, thus giving a density of :>;; .4 per 

 mil.- 



>\cr. The Dumber 

 of gaviiifs l.anks in New 

 Huapalure in i- 

 the numlH-r ot depoaiton 

 was 125,273, an ii 



7 within a year. The 



am. .nut of dejx>sits was 



.'.i|::. an increase of 



The laws of 



- lie ropectim; the 



taxation and supervision of 

 saviiiL's l.anks arc iincha i I.L;C. 1 



The Slate debt i.- (approximately) $L,S3S.()<K>. and 

 was reduced about $|I'.O.IHKI in ls-7.' The .1, bts of the 

 several counties, so far as returned, amounted in issr, 

 to 1444,086.49 ; but the assets of the conn: 

 and other prop) rty. far . AC. -e.lnl that sum. The total 

 indebtedness of cities and towns ijncliidini; villaire jire- 

 :s$4.l71.(i7:i c.i. a deereaM of $214,467. 11 since 

 the | .receding year. The totjil net State and l.K-al in- 

 debtedness amounts to$7.<Hi'.i.r,7:;, and as the assessed 

 valuation of the State is .*! >. and the jiopii- 



lation (assuming that it has increaM-i) in the same ratio 

 since Issn ;, s in the decade prei-edin.: that date) is 

 :;r,7.iKKi. the entire deht. of even- description, amounts 

 to a tritle over 1 per cent, ot the taxal.le property of 

 the State, and to aliont sl'.i i,i-r head of the population. 

 The taxes assessed for all purposes in !>sr, were 

 ;, being $1.52 on each $100 of taxable 

 property. 



Iti-Hiiinii inn! F.tliK-iitinn. The Congregational de- 

 nomination is the most nuii'eroiis in the State, havinir 

 I ss churches, and the Presbyterians, affiliating with the 

 <'oiiL'rci:ationalist.s. r, ehurehes. The Con.irrei:ational 

 ministers number 1>4. and the Presbyterian .">. The 

 members of both these denominations aggregate i!'i.7l'.i; 

 and there nrc>. connected with the Sabbath-schools ;L< 

 instructors and pupils. L'l.C.iin. The Methodists have 

 !_'.'> churches, and lL'>7'. members. They have Io7 

 pastors in charge of ehurehes. and It', local preach. -rs. 

 Their Sunday-schools number I.'W; the officers and 

 teachers of same. ls;i.", : the scholars. 1.H.7:'.',': proba- 

 tioners. 1-tiHI. The Haptist.s have MI churches, and 

 s7Mi members; 75 Sunday-schools; 1111 officers and 

 teachers of same, and S.'.UL! scholars. Their ordained 

 ministers number >L', and licentiates 11. The I'r--- 

 will Haplist.s constitute an important sect in New 

 Hampshire, where it took its rise about the year 17SO. 

 It now embraces within the State 109 churches, 129 

 minisi.-rs. and sv.i,; nicml- 



In I SS, 7 ) the "district system" of common schools. 

 which had prevailed in the State for two venerations, 

 was abolished by law and what is known as the "town 

 s\slem " was established in its placv. Hoards of edu- 

 cation, the tnemlxTs of which serve for three years, 

 arc now eh. .sen by the towns and have the entire su 

 pervision of their schools. They have authority "to 

 provide schools at such places and times as in their 

 judgment shall . . . >rive all the scholar.- of the town 

 as nearly equal adxantavcs as may ! practicable." 

 There had tx-cn complaint that the pupils in the small 

 and remote districts, under the former system, some- 

 times fared i><>rly in respect to facilities for instruc- 

 tion, and one chief purpose of the new law was to 

 place all pupils, so far as may be. on the same footinir. 



The "literary fund." derived from the tax on bank 

 capital and on saviiurs bank deposits of noli residents 

 and divide< 1 for the support of schools among the several 

 towns of the Stale. ao-ordin.L' to their apportionment 

 of the Slate tax. amounted in Issf, to !f:iS.- 

 Thi^ whole amount raised for public education was 

 $'>I7,471>. It',. The numlier of schools was L'770. in- 

 cluding .'.L'i ; rade and "." hiirb srl 1-. The whole 



number of scholars enrolled .1. and the num- 



ber attending prixate schools, not registered in the 

 public schools, was ;Y- 



