NORTHAMPTONNORTH CAROLINA. 



works. Its property is rained at $5,500,000 : its pub- 

 lie debt is $80,000, and the yearly expenses $1 19,ooo 

 It* population in 1880 waa 10,1'Jl, but a' local census 

 in !>*(. gave 14 



NORTHAMPTON, * eit? of Massachusetts shire- 

 town of Hampshire co., u on the \V. Itank of the 

 Connecticut Kiver. 17 miles N. of Springfield and 80 

 mile* W. of Boston. Three railroads pass through it, 

 and there is also a street railway to Florence. The 

 city has excellent water-works, electric lights, and a 

 fire department. There are 3 national and 3 savings 

 tanks; 10 churches and 2 newsj.aper othV, 

 stream affords abundant water-power which is utilized 

 in manufacturing paper, silk, and cotton goods. 

 Other manufactures are cutlery, sewing-machines, 

 hruhes, etc. Besides the State Lunatic Asylum 

 Northampton contains the Clarke institute for deaf 

 mutes, the John Clarke library with 2o,<)00 volumes, 

 the Smith Charities, and Smith College (q. r.), an 

 institution for the higher education of women. 



NORTH CAROLINA. There has been no official 

 census taken 



tion of the 



State in 188S is probably 

 1.800,000. There is but 

 little emigration from the 

 State. The immigration, 

 mainly from the Northern 

 and North-western States, 

 more than balances the 

 losses. Some of the cities 

 and towns have increased rapidly in numbers and 

 wealth. The following table shows the growth of the 

 most prominent : 



1888. 



Raleigh ............................. IS.soO 



Wilminiru.li ....................... 23,000 



Charlotte ................ .......... 12,000 



Anheville .......................... 10,000 



Winnton and Salem ............ 10,000 



Iiiirhnm .............. ............ 7,500 



FveUeville ....................... 6,000 



Goldnboro .......................... 6,000 



Greensboro ....................... 6,0(10 



Reidirille .......................... S.0'0 



ll.-.i(lersoii ......................... 5,000 



1880. 

 9,265 

 17,350 

 7,054 

 2,616 

 4,194 

 2,041 

 3,485 



2,005 

 1,316 

 1,421 



The public charitable and penal institutions of the 

 St. it<- are in good condition and well managed. There 

 nrc three asylums for the insane one at Raleigh. one at 

 Morganton. Inith for whites only, and one at ( Joldsboro 

 for the colored. That at llalcigh, Kugene ( irissom, 



M. R . I.I. It., Mperratatdaat, has - _".M) patients. It 

 cost $2-V), 000. The \\Ystcrn North Carolina Asylum 

 cost $450, 0"0 ami has 4211 patients : snperinleii<leiit, 



the Eastern North Carolina Insane Asylum harp aim 

 rttvtilly been completed. The State 1'iiiversily has 

 M added about $40,000 of new structures, con- 

 sisting of laboratories and a rapacious auditorium. 

 The United States has since I--" e. unfitted new 

 courts and post-offices at Raleigh ami (in-ensUiro, and 

 others at \\ ilmington, Asheville, and Charlotte are to 

 IK- eommcnced at once. 



fiiiniiee*. The valuation of real property in the 

 State tor taxation is $1 . J ; personal property, 



^T.'i. . >'!. 351 ; total. $1112.444.7:;:!. an increase over 

 I xso of $-10.344.551. The rate of taxation is 20 centt 

 on the $100 value for State purposes, oilier than edu- 

 cational. The total amount of taxes for (he State on 

 property, licenses, etc., is $560.309. Total amount 

 for the counties is $920,077. In addition to this 

 t'iO."i,203 is raised for school pun 



The compromise offered by the State in regard to 

 the public debt has been accepted by most of its 

 recognized creditors and has reduced the aeknowled-, 1 

 debt to $0,404,511. The interest of $2.795,000 of 

 this is provided for by dividends of the railroad stock, 

 for which bond? were issued, leaving $3.r,<i'.i.;,| | tearing 

 4 per cent interest to be paid by taxation. This d.>, * 

 not include a large amount (about $20,OOO.<XHi) of 

 "special tax bonds," which have Wen repudiated by 

 constitutional amendment as fraudulent. The capital 

 of the national banks of the State is $2.312. 2SO, ami 

 i hey issue only $795,710 of circulating notes. The 

 individual deposits are $2,92S,3oo. 



Mnniifnrturc*. In the absence of official returns 

 only partial statistics can be given of the progress of 

 the Slate in manufactures. The latest estimates show 

 80 cotton-factories, operating 4071 looms and I '.'.'. I.,:! 

 spindles. They have more than doubled . since the 

 census of 1880. The tobacco-factories have largely 

 increased also. A considerable number of establish- 

 ments for the manufacture of furniture, spokes, han- 

 dles, and other wood- work have sprung up. There 

 are hopeful indications that the extensive water-power 

 of the State and other advantages for manufacturing 

 are to be utilized. The forests of oak. cherry, walnut, 

 white and spruce pine, arid poplar, in the mountain 

 section, are being cut by lumbermen from the North 

 and North west, and largely exported. A topographic 

 survey has been made by the U. S. (leologieal Survey, 

 and it is ascertained that deposits of valuable minerals 

 and ores exist in large quantities. The mountain-sides 

 are admirably adapted to the growth of fruits and the 

 Nearly 700O square miles of rich territory, 

 heretofore almost unknown, now invite emigration. 



A'irii-iiltiirr. The principal farming products of the 

 State iii 1SS7 were as follows : Indian corn. :jf>,K.'{0,0(X) 

 bushels: wheat, 6,094,000 : oats, s.r.ot.iMKi; tobacco 

 (in ISM.>. :;l.:..V.i.OOO pounds; cotton. I .oc.o.OOO acres ; 



l>r. P. L. Murphy. The Kastern North Carolina Asy- I production about 42n.(HMi bales, estimated. Of live- 

 lum. Dr. .1. M .Miller, superintendent, for the colored 



only, cost $78.000. It now contains 190 patients. 

 The total number of insane in the Suie. including 

 harmless incurables, is estimated at about 3000. The 

 asylums for the blind, deaf, and dumb are at Raleigh, 

 one for the white and the other for the colored, both 

 under Mr. W. ,J. Young, superintendent The former 

 has 76 deaf and dumb, and 59 

 deaf and dumb, and 23 blind. 



alKjut $100.000. Tin; neniteiitiary is unfinished. It 

 has 1471 convicts, of whom 184 arc within the walls, 

 the remainder on outside works, mainly constructing 

 railroad*. The St*te aids the Oxford < Irphan Asylum 

 by annual grant of $10,000. It has 240 orphans and 

 is under the charge of the Masonic fraternity. 



In addition to a building purchased for the ngricul- 



stock there were : Horses, I I'.i.Tns ; mules, 89,945 ; 

 milch-cows, 243,715; oxen and other cattle, 419,383; 

 sheep. 427, 500; swine, l.l'r.o. |:;s. There has been 

 much improvement in the way of introduction of fine 

 breeds of cattle and horses, the ntftbluhment of stock- 

 ami dairy -farms, the purchase of lal>or saving ma- 

 chinery, the increase of acres devoted to grasses, the 



blind; the latter 30 adoption of the intensive system of farming, and the 

 The buildings cost | use of home-made fertilizers. Much of this improve- 

 ment has been caused by intelligent work of the agri- 

 cultural department, including the fertilizer control 

 and experiment station, which by analysis of fertilizer:! 

 and di.-semination of information eone.Tninir theircon- 

 stiluents, and by furnishing formulas for home mado 

 manures, have done inir'fi towards enlightening tho 

 people. An experiment-farm has recently IMM-II opened. 



tural department, which contains its museum and and extensive experiments promoted. The importance 

 State chemical laboratory, the State has recently of the work of the agricultural department may bo 

 erected a structure for the public library and Supreme inferred from the fact that prior to its establishment 

 Court rooms, and also a mansion for the use of the there were li'.'i brands of fertilizers sold in the State, 

 governor. |of which 80 have liecn driven out on account of their 



'J if - ' I ^^ '., Ct ' .. I:,-,',. \ -_.ii;:n .'.i .1, ! ; .. : ,! . . and t hi' 1 i-m.iindi I . i . ai ' y improved. The 



