OBSERVATORIES. 



71 



ing is of brick, 25 ft. by 50 ft. , a dome 16 ft. in dia- 

 meter surmounting the central tower ; the instruments 

 are a 10-in. Clark equatorial and a 3-in. Ertel transit, 

 chiefly for instruction. The entire cost was $10,000. 

 Director, W. C. Bartol. 



McCormick Qbservatory. See University of Vir- 

 ginia. 



Madison, Wis., Washburn Observatory, lat. + 43' 

 4' 36". 7, long. 5* 57" 37V 9 W. Built in 1878-80 by 

 Gov. C. C. Washburn at a cost of about $50,000, and 

 presented to the University of Wisconsin. The instru- 

 ments are a 15j-in. Clark equatorial, 4.8-in. Repsold 

 meridian circle, chronograph, clocks, chronometers, etc. 

 A 6-in. Clark equatorial, formerly the property of S. 

 W. Burnham, and a 3-in. Fauth transit are mounted 

 in a students' observatory adjoining the main building. 

 The equatorial has been used for observations of double 

 stars, comets, and nebulae ; the meridian circle for obser- 

 vations of Anwers' 303 southern stars. Directors : J. 

 C. Watson, 1879; E. S. Holden, 1881 ; J. E. Davies, 

 1886 ; G. C. Comstock, director, Asaph Hall, con- 

 sulting director, 1887. Five volumes of Publication* 

 have been is>m-<l 



Mount Ilnmilton, Cal., Lick Observatory of the 

 University of California, lat, + 37 20' 23".5. long. 

 8" 6" 34'. 1 W. , height above sea-level. 4302. Founded 

 by James Lick through a deed of trust dated Sept. 21, 

 1875, in which he devoted $700,000 to the construction 

 of a telescope "superior to and more powerful than 

 any telescope ever yet made . . . and also a suitable 

 observatory connected therewith.'' The work of con- 

 struction was begun by the Lick trustees in 1880, and 

 the observatory was completed and delivered, in ac- 

 cordance with the terms of Mr. Lick's will, to the Ur- 

 gent.- of the University of California, June 1, 1888. 

 In the main building are computing-rooms, a library, 

 and the domes for the 36-in. and 12-in. equatorials, 

 and detached buildings contain a 6}-in. Repsold me- 

 ridian circle, t>}-in. Warner & Swasey equatorial, 

 4-in. Fauth combined transit and zenith telescope, 

 and 5-in. horizontal photoheliograph, the objectives 

 for all these instruments being furnished by Alvan 

 Clark & Sons. A 4-in. Clark comet-seeker, 2.1 -in. 

 Repsold universal instrument, 5 clocks, 5 chronometers, 

 3 chronographs, measuring engine, arid minor apparatus 

 complete the equipment. The visual objective of the 

 great equatorial has a clear aperture of 36 in. and focal 

 length of 56 ft. , 6 in. ; the flint disc for this objective 

 was obtained by Clark from Feil & Co. , of Paris, in 

 1882. and after nineteen failures the crown was cast by 

 the same makers in 1885. The objective was com- 

 pleted and delivered by the ( 'larks in 1886. It cost 

 $51,000 and weighs, with its cell, about one-ihird of a 

 ton. In 1887 a third (crown) lens of 33 in. aperture 

 and 46 ft. focal length was procured, at a cost of about 

 $14,000, as a photographic corrector." The equa- 

 torial mounting was made by Warner & Swasey and 

 put in place in 1887 for $42,000. The total weight of 

 the telescope is about 40 tons. The dome is of steel, 

 75 ft. in diameter, and has a floor movable vertically 

 16} ft. The cost of the dome and floor was $56,800. 

 Volume I. of the fUftoatKMM, issued in 1887, contains 

 a description of the buildings and instruments, a list 

 of double stars discovered and measured by Mr. Burn- 

 ham upon the site of the observatory in 1879 and 

 1881, oDservations of the transit of Mercury in 1881 

 and of the transit of Venus in 1882, and an extensive 

 series of reduction tables. A time-service is in opera- 

 tion over the whole Paci6c system of railways from 

 Ogden to El Paso. The observatory has an endow- 

 ment fund of somewhat over $100,000 remaining from 

 the original bequest of $700,000, and the further ex- 

 penses are provided for by the Regent* of the Uni- 

 versity. ^Director. E. S. Holden. 



Nashville, Tenn.. Vanderbilt University Observa- 

 tory, lat -I- 36 8' 58". 2, long. 5" 47" 12V 8 W. 6-in. 

 jrial, 4-in. Ertel meridian circle, 3-in.Cooke 

 altazimuth, docks, and chronograph. A 5-in. portable 



refractor was used by Mr. E. E. Barnard in the dis- 

 covery of a number of comets. 



New Haven, Conn., Observatory of Yale University 

 lat. + 41 18' 36".5, long. 4" 51 42 1 . 2 W. In 1830 

 a 5-in. refractor was purchased from Dollond and 

 mounted in the steeple of one of the college buildings ; 

 subsequently a 3.8-m. meridian circle by Ertel, for- 

 merly the property of the U. S. Naval Observatory, a 

 meridian transit with object glass by Fitz, mounting by 

 Prof. C. S. Lyman, a 9-in. Clark equatorial, a 4-in. 

 transit by Troughton and Simms, and minor instru- 

 ments were added to the equipment. In 1882 a new 

 observatory was built and supplied with a 6-in. Repsold 

 heliometer (cost $7500) and an 8-in. frrubb equatorial. 

 A time-service and bureau for testing thermometers 

 were established in 1880. Volume I.-part 1, of Tram- 

 actions, published in 1887 ; contains Dr. Elkin's heli- 

 ometer measures of the brighter stars in the group of 

 the Pleiades. Directors : E. Loomis, 1831 ; D. Olm- 

 sted, 1836 ; C. S. Lyman, 1847 ; H. C. Newton, 1882. 

 Since 1884 the observatory has been in charge of a 

 board of directors. 



Newinqton, Conn., private observatory of D. W. 

 Edgecomb; lat. + 41 44' 0", long. 4" 46 m 47 s W.; 

 9. 4-in. Clark equatorial. 



New Windsor, 111., private observatory of E. L. 

 Larkin ; lat. + 41 13', long. 6" l m 52" W.; 6-in. Clark 

 equatorial 



New York, N. Y., Columbia College Observatory, 

 lat. + 40 45' 23". 1, long. 4" 55 m 53'. 7 W. The ob- 

 servatory is upon the top of the library building of 

 Columbia College, the floor being 100 ft. above the 

 level of the street. Instruments : 5-in. equatorial, 

 combined transit and zenith telescope, clocks, chro- 

 nometers, spectroscopes, etc. To these were added in 

 1884 the instruments of Mr. L. M. Rutherfurd's ob- 

 servatory, a 13-in. equatorial with photographic cor- 

 rector, 3-in. Stock pole transit, and other apparatus. 

 Director, J. K. Rees. 



New York, N. Y. , private observatory of L. M. 

 Rutherfurd, lat. + 40 43' 48". 5, long. 4" 55 m 56'. 6 

 W. ; 13-in. equatorial by Rutherford & Fitz, used for 

 celestial photography, 3-in. Stack pole transit. The 

 instruments were dismounted in 1884 and presented to 

 Columbia College. 



Northampton, Mass., Smith College Observatory, 

 lat. + 42 19' 7", long. 4" 50 m 32V9 vV. Erected in 

 1886; a one-story brick building containing an equa- 

 torial room, photographic dark-room, library, clock- 

 room, and transit-room. The equatorial is of 11 in. 

 aperture, objective by Clark, mounting by Warner & 

 Swasey, meridian circle of 4-in. aperture by Warner & 

 Swasey, and chronograph by the same makers. A 

 spectroscope for solar and stellar work is fitted to the 

 equatorial. Director, Miss Mary E. Byrd, 1887. 



Norttifield, Minn., Carleton College Observatory, 

 jat, + 44 27 40". 8, long. 6* 12 35". 9 W. Erected 

 in 1878; 8}-in. Clark equatorial, 3-in. Fauth transit, 

 clocks, chronometer, chronograph, and minor instru- 

 ments. The observatory was rebuilt in 1886-88, and 

 the 8t-in. refractor provided with a photographic cor- 

 rector. A Repsold meridian circle with object glass 

 4.8 in. aperture, by Clark, was mounted in 1887. 

 Time signals are sent out over several railroads. Di- 

 rector, W. W. Payne. 



0<ild>md, Cal., Chabot Observatory, lat. + 37 48' 

 5", long. 8" 9 6*. 4 W. Presented to the city of Oak- 

 land in 1886 by Mr. Anthony Chabot. Instruments : 

 an 8}-in. equatorial with micrometer and spectroscope, 

 a 4t-in. transit, chronograph, and clocks. Director, F. 

 M. Campbell. 



Omaha, Neb., Creighton College Observatory, lat. 

 + 41 16' 6", long. 6 fc 23 47' W. ; 5-in. equatorial 

 by I. H. Steward, London; 3-in. transit circle by 

 Fauth, clocks, chronograph, etc. A 12-in. equatorial 

 will be added to the equipment. 



Plielpn, N. Y., Red House Observatory, lat. + 42 

 58', long. 5" 8- 24' W. ; a-iu. and 5-i. silvered glass. 



