OGDEN CITY OHIO. 



83 



Senate should be judge of the cause and have power 

 to reinstate the officer independently of the President, 

 and that officers appointed by the President during the 

 recess of the Senate should draw no salary until the 

 Senate had given its consent. This act also provided 

 that the secretaries of state, of the treasury, of war, 

 of the navy, and of the interior, the postmaster-gen- 

 eral and the attorney-general, should hold their re- 

 spective offices during the term of the President by 

 whom they have been appointed and for one month 

 thereafter. This Tenure of Office Act was vetoed by 

 Pres. Johnson in an able message, but the bill was 

 passed over the veto by a vote of 35 to 11 in the Sen- 

 ate and of 1 33 to 37 in the House of Representatives. 

 Pres. Johnson's attempt to remove E. M. Stanton 

 from his office as secretary of war in 1868 led to his 

 jmpeachment, a movement which failed through its 

 inability to secure the necessary two-thirds vote in the 

 Senate. 



When Pres. Grant took office on March 4, 1869, he 

 found the discharge of his duties greatly hampered by 

 this act, ami on March 9th Gen. B. F. Butler intro- 

 duced a bill in the House of Representatives repealing 

 this act. The repeal passed the House by a vote of 

 138 1 to 16, but the Senate proposed a substitute by 

 which the President was allowed to suspend any officer 

 without showing a cause and to nominate a successor. 

 Nominations could be made until the Senate should 

 confirm, but in the failure of the Senate to confirm the 

 suspended officer would be restored. Owing to the 

 difference between the two Houses the modification of 

 the act was all that could then be obtained. Its repeal 

 was asked for in later years by Pres. Grant, Hayes, 

 Garfield, and Arthur, on the ground that it obstructed 

 the faithful and efficient administration of the govern- 

 ment, but the modified act remained in fores until 

 1886. 



The President has now freedom to exercise that 

 salutary constitutional authority over appointments 

 and removals which had been the uniform rule since 

 the formation of this government until 1867. This 

 extensive grant of power to the executive had been 

 carefully considered Dy the frauiers of the Constitution 

 and deliberately adopted by them, and it has since had 

 the approval of Chief-Justio- Mar-hall and other em- 

 inent expounders of constitutional law. (x. R.) 



OGDEN CITY, the county scat of Weber co., 

 Utah, is at the confluence of the Weber and Ogden 

 Rivers, 37 miles N. of .Salt Lake City. It is the 

 terminus of the Union Pacific, the Central Pacific, the 

 Utah Central, the Denver and Rio Grande (narrow 

 gauge), and the Utah and Northern Railroads. For 

 these roads a union passenger depot is provided. The 

 Weber River here passes tli rough the \Vahsatch 

 Mountains, and the city is at an elevation of 4340 ft. 

 Ogden Canon is 7 miles long, with a total fall of 450 

 fi-.-t. thus affording good water-power. There are two 

 bridges over the Weber and one over the Ogden 

 River. Ogden has 5 hotels, 3 national banks, I semi- 

 weekly and 2 daily newspapers, 6 churches besides the 

 Mormon tabernacle and ward meeting-houses. The 

 six public schools are controlled by the Mormons, but 

 each denomination has a school of its own. The indus- 

 tries com prise an iron-foundry, flour-, saw-, andplaning- 

 millrt, two breweries, and factories producing^ brooms, 

 boots and shoes,, woollen goods, and vinegar. In Ogden 

 cafion there are large powder-works and also the plant 

 of the electric light for the city. The streets are wide 

 and well kept, the business blocks substantially built. 

 Ogden has a park -square, water-works, and gas-works. 

 Its property is assessed at $2, 1 58,000, which is half the 

 true value. The city's debt is $21,000, its yearly ex- 

 penses are $41,000, and its revenue is still greater. It 

 was settled in 1848 by Mormon agriculturists and in- 

 corporated in 1859. Its population in 1880 was 6069, 

 but it has since greatly increased. 



OGDENSBURG. a city of New York, in St. Law- 

 rence co. , is on the St. Lawrence River, at the mouth 



of the Oswegatchie. It is the terminus of three rail- 

 roads, and has also steamboat lines. Its principal 

 edifices are the Roman Catholic cathedral, the U. S. 

 government building, and the Seymour hotel. It has 

 a national bank, 8 churches, graded schools, 1 daily 

 and three weekly newspapers, a large grain-elevator, 

 flour- and lumber-mills, and leather-factories. The 

 village, founded by French missionaries, did not receive 

 its present name until 1817, when it was incorporated. 

 It was made a city in 1868. Its population in 1880 

 was 10,341. 



OHIO is, by the census of 1880, the third of the 

 <s vi YVIT United States in population and wealth. 

 ^734 (p 754 lt was the first S . tate created from the 

 Am. Rep.). * North-west Territory. There is some 

 conflict among authorities as to the date 

 of its admission to the Union, that generally given be- 

 ing February 19, 1803, while others maintain that 

 Ohio became one of the States of the Union in 1802. 

 In 1802 it was decided that 

 the territory now com- 

 prised in the State of Ohio 

 had a population sufficient 

 to warrant the petitioning 

 of Congress for its admis- 

 sion as a State. Congress 

 passed a bill, approved by 

 the President on April 30, 

 1802, authorizing the in- 

 habitants of this Territory 

 to form a constitution and 

 State government under such name as they deemed 

 proper, said State to be admitted to the Union on the 

 same footing as the original States. This act also au- 

 thorized all male citizens, residents in the Territory, 

 of certain prescribed qualifications, to choose represent- 

 atives to form a convention which was to convene at 

 Chillicothe on the 1st Monday in November, 1802, and 

 determine whether it was expedient to form a consti- 

 tution and government, and if so, to form them, but 

 if not, to provide for calling a second convention for 

 that purpose. The act also provided that until the 

 next census the new State should be entitled to one 

 member in the House of Representatives. Neither 

 Legislature or convention nor even the people were 

 asked to pass upon the question of entering into a State 

 government, the sole function of the electors being to 

 vote for the members of the convention as prescribed 

 by Congress. The convention assembled in the follow- 

 ing November, and before its adjournment, on Nov. 

 29, framed a constitution. The following winter Con- 

 gress passed an act entitled "An act to provide for the 

 execution of the laws of the United States within the 

 State of Ohio," which was approved by the President 

 on Feb. 19, 1803. There has been considerable dis- 

 cussion as to which of the three dates can be properly 

 given as that of the admission of Ohio as a State. 

 Some claim that April 30, 1802, the date of the en- 

 abling act, was the date of admission ; others that 

 Nov. 29, 1 802, the date of the adjournment of the 

 Constitutional Convention, was the date, while the 

 majority of those considered authority declare that the 

 date of the approval of the act providing for the exe- 

 cution of the laws of the United States within the 

 State of Ohio, Feb. 19, 1803, is the proper date of 

 admission. The fact is that Ohio was never in set 

 terms admitted to the Union, although the act of 

 Feb. 19, 1803, after giving the history of what had 

 preceded in the organization of the State, says : 

 Whereby the said State has become one of the 

 United States of America." 



Ohio is situated between 38 27' and 41 57' N. lat. 

 and between 80 34' and 84 49' W. long. Its area 

 is 40,760 square miles. The greatest length of Ohio 

 from north to south is about 210 miles, and the greatest 

 breadth from east to west about 225 miles. The na- 

 tive as well as the foreign-born population of Ohio has 

 increased rapidly since the census of 1880. There 



