190 



PHILLIPS- I-IKKNIXVILLE. 



to which he had consecrated his life, his fortune. :m.l 

 his honor. The power of .steady, systematic anitatiem 

 he afterwards acknowledged he- had learned truiu tln> 

 example of Daniel O'( 'onncll. Phillips' cloe|iicncc 

 aii'l devotion profoundly influenced public opinion 

 throughout the .Nurili. thoui:h (lit' numU-r <>f proteased 

 abolitionists always remained small. Other causes 

 operated to hasten the natiou:il crisis. At la.-i war 

 came, not from the North against slavery, but from 

 the South against tin 1 I'nioti. which tin- slaveholders 

 rejected as an insunVii -nt .- .! .-nard <it' their peculiar 

 institution. Then Phillips ui'u-ed with renewed em 

 plia.-is on the Northern people anil their leader- the 

 expediency and duty of emancipation. Only after 

 twenty months' struggle to avoid resorting to this 

 momentous war-measure did President Lincoln issue- his 

 emancipation proclamation, Jan. 1, 1863. But Phil- 

 lips still condemned the administration as sluggish and 

 dilatory and opposed Lincoln's re-election. In 1865, 

 when the war was brought to a triumphant close. Car- 

 risen proposed that the American Anti-Slavery So- 

 ciety, of which he had been president for thirty years, 

 should be disbanded as having accomplished its object. 

 But Phillips insisted in prolonging its work until the 

 negro should have the constitutional right of suffrage. 

 He was its president from that time until 1S70, when 

 it dissolved. Part of its later work was to secure the 

 removal of race distinctions in public institutions and 

 conveyances and in all places of public resort Phil- 

 lips had from his first entering the ranks of the Aboli- 

 tionists urged the admission of women to their so- 

 on equal terms, and he pleaded in their behalf 

 at the World's Anti-Slavery Convention in London in 

 1840. The close of the war gave leisure to many 

 whose energies had been therein occupied, and the 

 cause of women's rights received a great access of 

 numbers and enthusiasm. Phillips was still a promi- 

 nent advocate of this and other social changes. His 

 sympathies were manifested in behalf of the Indians. 

 who had been cheated and oppressed both under the 

 treaties made with their tribe*, and in violation of such 

 treaties. The perennial sufferings of the working 

 classes became also the subjects of his consideration. 

 He became an ardent champion of temperan 

 even of State Prohibition. In IsTO h<; was nominated 

 by a convention of Prohibitionists for the governor- 

 ship of Massachusetts. A tew years later lie advo- 

 cated the governmental issue of an irredeemable paper 

 currency. In this Greenback movement he came to 

 agreement with another Massachusetts man, whose 

 career otherwise presents a striking contrast with his 

 own Gen. Benjamin V. Butler. But little effect, 

 however, was produced by the movement except Gen. 

 Butler's election to the governorship, when the ' 

 back party was merged in the Democratic. But an- 

 other noteworthy event marked the seventieth 

 the veteran agitator. In 1881 his Alma Mater, who 

 had so long shown marked coldness towards her noble 

 son because of his denunciation of popular evil, so tar 

 relaxed her severity that he was called to make the 

 address on'the centennial anniversary of the Phi Beta 

 Kappa Society. His Puritanic conscience compelled 

 him even then to say some things hard to listen to, 

 but the oration wan worthy of the man ami the place. 

 He delivered his last public address on !>< iy,. I--.;. 

 and died at Boston Feb. 'J. 1- (J. P. L.) 



PHILLIPS, WlI.I.AKI. (I7S4-IS73), lawyr. was 

 born at Bridgewater, Mass., Dec 1 '.>. 1 7- 1. 1 1 

 ate. I at Harvard College in ISM), and was tutor there 

 until 1815. Having been admitted to the bar lie prac- 

 tised law in Boston until 1845 with e..n-pien , 

 < !! was emjiloyed by a legislative- commission 

 in codifying the criminal law of M .--a.-hu.-etts. and 

 from 1837 to 1847 he wag county judge of probate. 

 Theieaftcr he was president of the New Knirland Mu- 

 tual Life Insurance Company until his death, Sept. 9, 

 1873. He was a contributor to the North American 

 Review, and for some years editor of the American 



Jurat. He was associated \\ith F.dward Pickering in 



editing Itrjvirts, prepared Wai treatise- on in 



and patent-, and published a M-nin- //./ /'.//>/,-.// 



i'iiiu,irsmi;i;. adi War- 



ran oo.. on the Delaware Kiver. opposite F..I-I..U. It 



is on the Belviden- I >i -law .ire Railroad, which here 

 connects with the Morris and Hssex and the New Jer- 

 sey Central Railroad. Two railroad biidires en,*- tlu> 

 river here Phillipsburi; has two banks, 

 churches, a high-school and other schools, and a 

 wickly newspaper. There arc several iron -foundries. 

 a rolling-mill. l>iler- and locomotive works, and other 

 iron-works. Its population in ISsO was TISl. 



PIIILPOTTS, HKNIIY C KiiL-lish bi.-liop, 



was_ born atGloucestcr in 1 77-. lie was educated at his 

 native town and at Corpus Christi College-. Oxford, 

 where he graduated in 17'J'i and was then el< 

 fellow of Magdalen College, lie wa- made one of the 

 chaplains of Rev. Dr. BuriagtOD, bishop of Durham, 

 in ]M>T>. afterwards prebendary of Durham Cathedral. 

 In isiis he was made dean of Chester. He had op- 

 posed Canning's plan of Roman Catholic emancipa- 

 tion and was consulted by the Duke of Wellington in 

 regard to the act for that purpose pa ed in Is'J'.i. He 

 was made bishop of Exeter in 1830 and was thence- 

 forth the official leader of the High Church party in 

 all the controversies of a stormy period. In is-l'.i lie 

 refused to institute the Kev. Mr. (iorham in a church 

 living on the ground of his denial of baptismal regener- 

 ation. The judicial committee of the Privy Council. 

 however, decided in Mr. Gorham's favor, but when 

 the Archbishop of Canterbury carried out the decision, 

 Bishop Philpotts anathematized the archbishop. He 

 wrote an abundance of controversial pamphlets, but no 

 work of importance. He died at Bishopstoke. Sept. 

 18, 1869. 



I'll IPS, or PHIPPS, SIR WILLIAM (1651-1695), 

 colonial governor of Massachusetts, was born at Wool- 

 wich, Maine, Feb. 2, 1051. His parents had twenty- 

 six children, of whom twenty-one were sons. In boy- 

 hood he was a shepherd, but at the age of eighteen 

 bound himself to a ship-carpenter, and in K'>7.' J . he re- 

 moved to Boston, where he learned to read and write. 

 Going to Knirland in K.sl he obtained from the Admi- 

 ralty the use of a vessel to recover the treasures from a 

 Spanish wreck, near the liarbadocs, but, was unsuccess- 

 ful in this first attempt. In l(>s,7 a second was made with 

 the aid of the Dtiko of Albemarle, and treasure was 

 recovered to the amount of of which Phips' 



share was 16,000. His partner- also procured for him 

 the honor of knighthood, and he was appointed high- 

 sheriff of New England, In May, Id'.tO, he captured 

 Port Royal in Nova Scotia, but in October his fleet of 

 thirty-four sail was three days t m late to capture (Que- 

 bec, reinforced in the meantime by Fremtenac. While 

 in Kin-land in I i'>'J2 he was appointed i: i Ma-- 



tis through the favor of Increase Mather, the 

 colony's agent in England, He returned to Boston in 

 May, where his adniinistralion was made notoriou- '> 

 the delusion of the Salem witchcraft, Phips, a mem- 

 ber of Cotton Mather' ation. for a time will- 

 illowed his pastor in the hideous persecution, 

 but finally issued a general pardon to all accused of 

 witchcraft. There had been a strong opposition to his 

 government, and in lii'.i 1 he was summoned to England 

 to answer the complaints broii'.-ht against him. lie 

 -uddenly at London, Feb. Is, 1695. 



PI KKN 1 X V I LLK, a borough of Chester co., Pa., 

 i- on the' S. bank of the Schiiylkill River, 28 miles 

 N. W. of Philadelphia. The Pennsylvania and the Phil- 

 adelphia and Reading Railroads pal l!irou;.'li the- town. 

 The former has here a branch-road to Kra/.er, and the 

 i itttt has the- Pickering Valley branch. The ext< 

 mm and steel-works of the Phoenix Iron Company 

 ami (he Phoenix Brielge Company give employi, 

 2400 men. Several fine bridges enoted by tin - 

 panies span the Schuylkill .River and French Creek in 



