242 



POTATO-POTTSVILLR 



>icldinp iuimrnte quantities of potash. The greater 

 cheapness of soda has enabled it to replace pouu>h in 

 most ca.v* where an alkali Lt needed. Imt a steady de- 

 uiHiuj existH fur poiash fmiu il.- special adaptation to 

 certain uses. its |>riiici|>al n-c.s are in the manufacture 

 of Mitt soap anil of m-viT.il important salts of |>otas- 

 biiiiu. It ID al.o used in the manufacture of glass ; 

 home of the best and most costly glasses now maili-, 

 uch as Bohemian white and English flint, U-ing \*>l- 

 u.-li gl.Lv-cs. In its pure state potash in sometimes 

 -:. k-.ni'l peneilsas a cauterizing agent. (C.M ) 



POTATO. S,e Ai.Ki.TMTiti 



POTATO BEETLE. See COLORADO POTATO 

 Bug 



POIT. Ar<:rsr FRiEimiCH _(IRO2-lsS7). a Gcr- 



ni. in philologist, was Uirn at NeUelrede, Hanover, 

 Nov. 14. 1^'iJ. Karly left an orphan, he \va> educated 

 at Hanover and studied philology at (iotlingcn. In 

 1 x 'J."i he began loteaeh at (.'elle. and two years Inter re- 

 . the degree of 1'h. 1). from the University of 

 (iottingen. In I82 1 .' he went to Berlin, resolved tode- 

 vute himself to comparative philology, and became 

 associated with 1-Y.tn/. Bopp. the pioneer in that de- 

 partment. In is:;i In- was a privat-doeent at the Uni- 

 \ersity of Hc-rlin. and in 1N33 was made profe.-sur of 

 comparative philology in the University of Halle, lli.s 

 reputation was (irmly established by his AVi/wo/w/i'r/i<- 

 Foneiuni'jen ntif drm (lrlii<t,- d>r iiuln/iriniinitchrn 



While wimp perwns prospered others became paupers. 

 The Prairie band, which had always been less docile, 

 was placed on a reservation in Kansas under the care 

 of thi! Society of Friends. It contains 77. :;.".* acre*. 

 of which :;H.'.HK> are tillable, but only ;;:KHI cultivated 

 in I.ss7. The census then taken sh.iw.-d 474 on the 

 reservation, and tiboni '.',<*> s.-altered in the States. 

 The Citizens' band are mixed bloods of Ficm-h descent, 

 who live on the Sac and Fox reservation. They num- 

 bered 4l>. in ISS7, lived in houses and enllivated small 

 farms. A Catholic mission school hasaecouimodati 

 for 100 scholars, but is not well attended. 



PO'ITKK. AI.ON/O (lsiK>-|M,.-,). bishop of the 

 American Episcopal Church, was born at l<a (ininge, 

 Duchess c-o., -\. ^ ., July 10, 1800. After graduating 

 at Union College in ISIS he was a tutortherc and pro 

 fcssor of mathematics and natural philosophy until 

 ' In the meantime he had taken orders in the 



(2 TOM., 1833-3ti), whii-h work, joined with 

 the lahore of Bopp. in coiiipar.uive grammar, intro- 

 duced a new era in the study of language. Pott eon 

 tinned to revise and enlarge this work, so that it finally 

 occupie<l eight volumes ( I s.v.>-7i>). while he issued 

 numerous volumes and essays on philological subjects. 

 A curious hy-m-oduet of his labors was his essay. I>ir 

 %11/riiim- in l.iirnf- I mill Axii'ii ('_' vok. |S-I;")). ill which 

 he proved thai the language of the (iyiisics had origin- 

 ated in India. This work obtained the Volney prize 

 IVoiii the French Academy. Other treatises of his re- 

 late to tin- systems of numeration by lives ami twen- 

 ties, to personal and family names, and to the origin 

 (it language and of the races of men. He edited \\ il- 

 helm von II ninholdt's essay, VAerdleVer*clt!rd<-nhi-itrn 

 den mriitchlicJien Sjn-nr/i/xiiift, with an introduction 

 ('2 vi ik, IsTt'i). He held his professorship for tifty- 

 four years, meantime reeeivini; marks of honor for his 

 profound learninir. The kniphlhood of the order jx>itr 

 lrmtritr\\ir science and art was awariled to him in 

 In l>s"7 he celebrated tin- jubilee of his taking 

 l he doctor's degree, and in 1883 that of his entrance 

 on his professorship. His lilcniry activity was con- 

 tinned until the la-t. He died at Halle. HaV .'!. 1SS7. 

 His valuable library was purchased tor the University 

 of Pciin-v ] 



POTI. \\V.\TTAMI MS. a tribe of American In- 

 dians of the Aliroii'iiiin family, were found by the 

 Ficnch explorers iii tlii- lower peninsula of Michigan. 

 '('hey were scattered almut in small bands, living by 

 bunting and fishing, though they raised a little maize. 

 The IriK|uois drove them westward to (ireen Hay. 

 vrheni the French established a mission among them. 

 l!y the favor of the French they increased and greatly 

 extended their territory. They joined in Pontiac's 

 conspiracy in 17r>:{. but during the Revolution favored 

 the Knglish, and annoyed the western settlements. 

 Their head-quarters were then on St. Joseph's llivcr. 

 Mich. They were included in the treaty of 17'.l."> with 

 (Jen. Wayne, and afterwards ceded various tracts of 

 land. Under the influence of Teeuuiseh they joined 

 the British in the war of 1812, and after its el..-e were 

 obliged to give up their lands. In ls;;s they num- 

 liered 4iHHi, manv of them U'ing t'atholies. Kvcntnally 

 the greater MUBMf N-tlle<l in Kansas, but in the .-nb- 

 '(.lent troiililrs of that region they Mifl'eied seUTely. 

 By the treaty of ISi'.^ they were permitted In bold 

 lands in severally, but the civil war produced delay in 

 carrying out ii.t provisions. In |xr,7 two -thini 

 oupteU its u-iuis, Uul I La resulte were not uniform. 



p 



tMi 



>pal Church in lM.'li. and was elected iiresidcnt 

 ot t; cue ^a College in 1835. He declined this p 

 but accepted a call to St. Paul's Church, Boston, in 

 iMiiJ. In August, 1831, he returned to Union Col- 

 lege as professor of rhetoric and natural philosophy. 

 He married the only daughter of I'cv. Kliphalet Sou, 

 D. D., president of the college. In ]S|.~> lie was chosen 

 and consecrated bishop of Pennsylvania. In this 

 office he was energetic in his promotion of church 

 work ; he assisted in founding the Protestant Kpi- 

 pal Hospital and the I livinity School at I'hiladclphia. 

 The increase of the church neccssitati-d the. appoint- 

 ment of an assistant, and afterwards the division of 

 the diocese. 15nt before this was accomplished Bishop 

 Potter died July 4, l,si'if>. at San Francisco, whither ho 

 had gone on a visit. While cniragcd in teaching ho 

 ublished J'lililicril Kciiimmy (IS}| ), and other text- 

 ioks. In later years besides editing lectures on thf. 

 i'iirf nf ('In-istiiiiii/i/ (IS.Vi) he published a Ilnnd- 

 fur Knadtn mid 8t<i<lfnts (1847). a volume of 

 /iix'-nitrsi-x mill ('/i(irr/>'S (IS.">S), nnd /MtfMW llii- 

 lotnphy (1853). Bishop Howe has edited his Life 

 (1871). 



POTTER, HORATIO (1802-1887), brother of tho 

 preceding and bishop of if ew York, wns born at Beck- 

 man. N. V.. Feb. <). 1802. He graduated at Union 

 Collegi- in ISL'O, and became rector at Saco, Me., in 

 1S2S." In 1S:(3 he was called to St. Peter's ( 'hnrch, 

 Albany, and in IS'it he was made provisional bishop 

 of New York. He became bishop in JSiil and dis- 

 charged the duties of his office until October. 1 

 when his nephew, IlK.NKY CoDMAN PoTTER (b. 1835), 

 was made assistant bishop. Bishop Horatio Potter 

 thenceforth lived in retirement until his death, Jan. 

 His publications were sermons and charges. 

 The present bishop has published SaterJtOoA 



-1N7I): (!<itcx <>f thf Mitt, a book of travels 

 (!s:r,) ; Sermont <>/ // < 'in/ (Issi). 



POTI'STOWN. a boroiigh of Pennsylvania, in 

 mery eo., is on the Schuylkill River, at the 

 month of Manatawny Creek. 40 miles W. N. W. of 

 Philadelphia, with which it has connection by two 

 railroads. It has 2 banks, 14 churches, a seminary for 

 young ladies, an academy for boys, public schools, 2 

 daily and 2 weekly newspapers. The industrial works 

 comprise iron-foundries, blast-furnaces, rolling mills, 

 nail-factories, and car-works. The population in 1880 



POTTS V II, LR a city of P, nnsylvania. conn' 

 of Schnylkill eo., is on the Sehuylkill River, at tho 

 month of Norwegian Creek, V.i miles N. \V. of Phila- 

 delphia. It H the northern terminus of the Phila- 

 delphia and Reading Railroad, and from it branch, .s 

 .id to Tam:i'|ila. Harrisburg, and other pla.-es. It 

 is built on the side of steep bills. It has a court hmise, 

 to'.vn-hall. I! national banks, 7 other banks. L' ! >ehur< 

 a high-school and other schools, 3 daily nnd C weekly 

 papers, some of which are (.'crman. It ks the \ 

 quarters of the anthracite eo.il irade (see CDAI., Vol 

 11.;. It has several rolling -uiilU, iron furnaces, fouu- 



