REQUISITION RESURRECTION. 



357 



in existence at the destruction of the power upon 

 whose credit they were issued stand iu the position 

 of representing no existing source of obligation, and 

 the effect of the fourteenth amendment in forbidding 

 the payment of that debt simply placed beyond the 

 power of the government of the United States the 

 ability to change that status into one representing the 

 credit of the United States. 



See " Slate Debts and Repudiation," by Robert P. Porter, 

 JnUrnatioiMl Jiei-iew, Vol. 9; Tenth Ceiaut U. X., Vol. 7. 



(A. J. W.) 



REQUISITION denotes an official demand by the 

 executive of one State upon the executive of another 

 State for the person of an offender against the civil or 

 the criminal law. The process is often known as inter- 

 state extradition. The U. S. Constitution provides 

 that the governor of any State shall, upon the demand 

 of any other governor, deliver to him any person 

 charged with treason, felony, or other^ crime, who has 

 fled from justice and is found in that State. The stat- 

 ute of 1793 requires such demand to be accompanied 

 by proper affidavits of the indictment, or a warrant 

 charging him with violation of law. The construction 

 of this statute was, for many years, exceedingly loose, 

 because of doubt concerning the definition of "other 

 ciiine." Just before the civil war of 1861 the IT. S. 

 Supreme Court, in the case of Kentucky vt. Dennison 

 (24 Howard, 66), declared that any act made a crime 

 by the laws of tlie demanding State was extraditable. 

 This decision was brought about by the refusals of 

 Northern governors to surrender parties who were 

 charged with assisting in the escape of slaves. _At 

 present there is no uniformity in State laws regulating 

 the return of persons charged with crime to the State 

 in which the crime was committed, and from which 

 they have fled. In Pennsylvania, for a number of 

 years, the executive has followed the rule that in cases 

 of obtaining money by false pretence, or of embezzle- 

 ment, where the executive was of the opinion that the 

 process was to be used chiefly for the purpose of col- 

 lecting a private debt, a requisition would be declined. 

 Yet requisitions continually come to the executive of 

 that State asking for the surrender of persons charged 

 with offences for which he would not grant requisitions. 

 Even if criminals do not actually escape capture, States 

 are often put to great expense ana trouble for the 

 want of uniformity in the laws ; and the enforcement 

 of justice is greatly retarded, if not altogether defeated. 

 The Legislature of New York passed an act in 1 886 

 which provides that no fugitive shall be taken out of 

 the State, either with or without his consent, without 

 a requisition being first obtained, thus preventing kid- 

 napping ami the self-surrender of persons by reason 

 of intiuiidation. 



In 1887 representatives of nearly all the States of 

 the Union met in the city of New York to promote 

 greater uniformity in methods of interstate extradi- 

 tion. A committee was appointed to draft, a bill 

 embodying the conclusions of the conference, and such 

 other provisions as upon careful examination they 

 might deem necessary tp make uniform the law and 

 modes of_ procedure for the extradition of fugitives 

 from justice. The committee met in New York city, in 

 September, 1887, and agreed upon a hill to be submitted 

 to Congress. In substance the bill provided that a 

 person arrested in a State other than that in which the 

 alleged crime was committed may be bailed during 

 extradition proceedings, but must present himself 

 within 20 or 30 days for extradition. At the end of 

 that time he shall be discharged if the agent of the 

 State in which the crime was committed be not ready 

 to receive him. Should the accused be not able to 

 furnish bail he shall be discharged after 30 days' im- 

 prisonment if the agent is not ready. The agent 

 must have written authority from the governor of the 

 State surrendering the accused. Any official using 

 violence, threats, or undue influence to compel an 



alleged fugitive to leave the State to which he had 

 removed himself shall be guilty of a felony, punishable 

 with from 5 to 10 years' imprison uient at hard labor. 

 The prisoner shall not be arrested upon civil or crim- 

 inal process in the demanding State until a reason- 

 able time after the proceedings for which extradition 

 was made, so that he may have an opportunity to 

 return to the State in which he was taken. Should n 

 demanding governor become satisfied that the extra- 

 dition proceedings have been invoked for private pur- 

 loses, lie may revoke the same and discharge the 

 fugitive. The bill awaits the action of Congress. 



(F. G. M.) 



RESURRECTION. This term denotes the revival 

 of the human body from the grave and its resumption 

 of existence in a future state. It differs from ininior- 



.lity, which denotes merely the continued life of the 

 soul after it has parted from its earthly tenement, and 

 also from metempsychosis, that is. the passing of the 

 soul of a uian after death into the body of a lower 

 animal or through a succession of such animals. It is 

 presented in the Scriptures, not as a philosophical 

 speculation, or a beautiful, inspiring vision, but as a 

 constituent and necessary element iu the future life of 

 the people of God. This article will seek to give 

 simply an outline of the way in which the doctrine 

 .ias been and is considered and treated in the Christian 

 Jhurch j for the conception is one that has not been 

 Found with any clearness or positiveuess iu any of the 

 ethnic faiths. 



Scattered intimations of the truth are given in the 

 Did Testament, as in the translation of Enoch and 

 hjlijah, in certain expressions of the Psalms (xvi. 9, 

 xxiii. 24-26), in the striking imagery of Isaiah (xxvi. 

 19). and in Ezekiel's vision (xxxvii. 1-13) of the re- 

 aniination of the dry bones. In Daniel, the last of 

 ;he greater prophets, it is expressly said that "many 

 that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake." In 

 the later Judaism the doctrine became clearly defined, 

 and was held by the great body of the people, as ap- 

 pears from Martha's answer to Christ's promise that 

 ner brother should rise again, "I know that he shall 

 rise again in the resurrection at the last day." The 

 only exception to this view was the sect of the Sad- 

 ducees, which, however, was neither large nor influ- 

 ential. In the New Testament the point is everywhere 

 assumed or expressly asserted, our Lord calling himself 

 "the resurrection and the life," and affirming that the 

 rising again of the dead shall be universal, including 

 the evil and the good. His apostles reaffirm this 

 teaching, dwelling however with special emphasis upon 

 the resurrection of believers, which they connect with 

 that of Christ as its evidence and earnest and pattern. 

 The apostle Paul, in what is the classic passage of the 

 New Testament upon the subject, gives some animating 

 particulars concerning the future body of the righteous, 

 but concerning that of the ungodly neither he nor any 

 other inspired writer says anything beyond the mere 

 fact that they also shall rise. In the Epistle to the 

 Hebrews the resurrection is spoken of as one of the 

 elementary truths of Christianity, which it is, being 

 bound up with the future life and the whole purpose 

 of God respecting his redeemed people. Hence its 

 general and constant reception among Christians. It 

 is a distinct article in the Apostles' Creed, the earliest 

 symbol of faith, and is found in every other confession 

 of the historic church ; and at this day all divisions of . 

 Christendom, however differing on other points, are at 

 one as to the final victory over the grave at the last 

 day. 



But while there is a general agreement as to the 

 article, "the resurrection of the dead," there is much 

 difference as to what it implies. There are some who 

 make it altogether figurative, as if it meant only a 

 spiritual resurrection. Others have supposed it to 

 mean the literal reassembling of all the particles that 

 have at any one time been in the physical frame. 

 Others again say that it is the continued preservation 



