376 



RICK-RICHMOND. 



cutta. As Judson, who had Bailed in another vessel, 

 had expen uil.u chanire of views, it was ar- 



ranged that tic .-li..u! I M > lor miion lalnir in India. 

 while Rice returned to seek support lor the work from 

 the Baptist denomination. His return excited a sen- 

 sation among religious people, and at the General 

 Convention in 1814 aBapti>t Missionary Society was 

 formed, of which Rioe was made the agent to visit the 

 American churches. After several years thus spent, 

 Rice projected the Columbian College at Washington, 

 and devoted hini.-rlt' to similar labors in its behalf, 

 i Id, S. C., Got 25, 1836. 



HICK. NUIIAN LEWIS (1807-1877), Presbyterian 

 theologian, was born in Garrand co., Ky., Dec. 29. 

 1807. He graduated at Centre College, Danville, and 

 was ordained pastor of a Presbyterian church at 1! mis 

 town, Ky., in 1833. He was pastor in Cincinnati 

 from 1844 to 1853, and during this time conducted 

 public oontroreniM with Rev. Alex. Campbell on bap- 

 tism, with Bishop Purcell on Roman Catholicism, and 

 with others. In 1853 he removed to St. Louis, and in 

 1858 to Chicago, where he became professor in the 

 Theological Seminary of the North-west In 1868 he 

 was made president of Westminster College, Mo., and 

 afterwards became professor in the Danville Theologi- 

 cal Seminary. He died at Danville, June 11. 1877. 

 He wa.- an able preacher and conservative theologian. 

 His writings were chiefly controversial. 



RICHAKi'S. WII.UAM (1792-1847), missionary, 

 was born at Plainfield, Mass., Aug. 22, 17'JL'. ll< 

 graduated at Williams College in 1819, studied the- 

 ology and was sent by the American Board of Com- 

 missioners for Foreign Missions to the Sandwich Isl- 

 ands in 1822. There he gave instruction to the royal 

 family, and in 1838 was made counsellor and chaplain 

 to King Kamehameha III. _ After the Sandwich 

 Islands were recognized as an independent nation by 

 England and other powers, Richards was sent on an 

 embassy to them. In 1845 he was appointed minis- 

 ter of public instruction. He died at Honolulu, Dec. 

 7. IMT. 



RICHARDSON, BENJAMIN WARD. English phy- 

 Mcian. W;LS bom at Somerly, Leicestershire, Oct. 31, 

 1828. He was educated at Glasgow and graduated in 

 medicine at the University of St. Andrew's in 1854. 

 gaining there a gold medal for an essay on ante natal 

 diseases. In 1856 he won the Astley Cooncr prize fur 

 an essay on coagulation of the blood. He then be- 

 came a member of the Royal College of Physicians 

 and was elected a fellow of the college in 1867 and 

 Croomian lecturer in 1873. He has made special .\ 

 perimcnU in regard tothe poison of contagious dise:i 

 anaesthetics, restoration to life after apparent death, 

 methods of killing without pain animals intended lor 

 food. Hi.-. be-t known researches, however, have been 

 in regard to the action of alcohol on man. He has 

 received many marks of honor from learned and scien- 

 tific societies and colleges, including the degree of LL l> 

 from St. Andrew's University in 1877. His medical 

 brethren presented him in 1868 with a microscope 

 and 1IMM) guineas in recognition of his contributions to I 

 science and medicine. 



KM 'IIAKHSON, CHARLES (1775-1865), English 

 lexicographer, was born in July, 1775. He studied law 

 but devoted himself to liternlure. After publishing j 

 Itliutrntuiiti of Englith I'/il/nlnffi/ (1815) he undertook . 

 to prepare for the Aqyolopodui M'tfujinlltnnn articles 

 on lexicography. These served as an introduction to 

 his Dictionary of the Englith Luiir/iiuge (2 vols., 

 1837). whose peculiarity is that derivative words are 

 classified under their primitives and abundantly illus- 

 trated by quotations. The Dictlonnni proved popular, 

 pasted through several editions in England ami was 

 reprinted in the United States. Richardson continued 

 his philological labors, publishing a. Supplement (1855), 

 a llixtiiriotl E**ay in Ln'jlixh Grammar (1845). and a 

 work on The Study of Language* (1854). He also 

 published some comments on Shakespeare and contrib- 



to various literary periodicals. He died at 

 Feltham. Middlesex, Oct. (>. I- 

 aiCHARDSON,ffiorBTHoB80N(1838-1886),arohi- 



tect, was born at Priestley's I'oint. [A. . S< ; 

 1838. His father was a planter of Scotch descent and 

 his mother a daughter of l>r. .loscph Priestley (for 

 whom see ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITAXNN \) After grad- 

 uating at Harvard in IS.V.l, Richardson went to Paris 

 to study architecture. The lossof his property through 

 the civil war compelled him also to exert himself for 

 his own support. Returning to the I'nited Slates in 

 1865, he engaged at once in his chosen pursuit and 

 formed a partnership in New York city. The city of 

 Springfield, Mass., was the first field for the display of 

 his powers ; there he erected railroad offices, a bank 

 and a church, which gave promise of better work to 

 come. In 1871 his Brattle Street Church. Boston, 

 first strikingly exhibited his originality of design and 

 marked an advance toward his grander Trinity Church 

 in the Back Bay section of the same city. The lead- 

 ing idea of this building, the tower which dominates 

 both ite exterior and interior, was derived from the 

 churches of Auvergne. To the decoration of the in- 

 terior the artist La Farge contributed excellent work. 

 During the erection of this church Richardson removed 

 to Brookline near Boston, and his reputation being 

 firmly established was thenceforth busily occupied with 

 structures for every variety of purpose, warehouses, 

 dwellings, libraries, churches, college and public buijd- 

 ings. All his works are marked by a grand simplicity 

 of d. -i,nn and produce their impressive effect by mas- 

 - rather than elaborate detail. Richardson s 

 artistic sense was not satisfied until he gave each build- 

 jng an individuality characteristic of ita intended ob- 

 ject. The grand solidity and broad unity of his 

 works set theui widely apart from older American 

 architecture. Soon a number of younger architects 

 took him as their master and inspirer. and in all parts 

 of the country his influence is manifest in the new 

 edifices. The State Capitol at Albany, commenced by 

 others, called forth his labor and skill. At the time of 

 his death he was engaged on two important build- 

 ings, one for the Board of Trade at Cincinnati, the 

 other the county court-house at Pittsburg. Yet amid 

 his abundant work he had a prolonged struggle with 

 ill health. He died at Brookline, 'April 28, 1886. 

 For a fuller account of the genius which in a brief 

 life did much for American architecture sec Mrs. 

 Schuyler Van Rensselaer's Life and Works of II. II. 

 Richardton (Is 



RICHMOND, a city of Indiana, the county-seat 

 "f Wayne co., is on the East Fork of Whitewater 

 River, 70 miles N. N. W. of Cincinnati, at the inter- 

 section of several railroads. It has a court-house. :; 

 national banks, 15 churches, a high-school and other 

 schools, a public library, 4 daily and 4 weekly news- 

 papers. Richmond is a settlement of the Society of 

 Friends, whose Indiana Yearly Meeting is held here. 

 Karlham College, founded by them in 185*, is open 

 to pupils of either sex. Richmond has manufactures 

 of agricultural implements, steam-engines, boilers, 

 flour, etc. In 1880 it had a population of 12,742. 



RICHMOND, the capital of Virginia, and county- 

 -. ai of llcnrico co., is on the N. bank of the James 

 .. . ,.,.. River, at the head of tide water. 37 32' 

 2rJV N. If, 77 28' W. long. Vessels draw- 

 ,\,,i i; ing 14 lector water can come up to 



Rocketts, at the lower end of the city. 

 Bridges connect Richmond with Manchester on the 

 south side of the James and with Belle Isle. Rich- 

 mond is 100 miles nearly due south from Washington, 

 but 1 li'i miles by rail. It is built on a group of hills ; 

 the historic capitol, erected in 1796, and noted for its 

 monuments, archives, and portrait^, occupies the sum- 

 mit of Shockoe Hill. Other public buildings arc the 

 custom-house, governor's mansion. State penitentiary, 

 ity-hall. aluishouse, and market-houses. 

 There arc 4 national and 8 other banks, 60 churcho. 



