418 



SACO-SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANIES. 



eral years the Aum-ii-mt JiUjlinjihilist commencing in 

 1869. In 18U7 ln> undertook tin- publication in parts 

 of a I/trlwwiri/ 1 if li">k;i riltitiinj In Ann rica, front ilf 

 Discovery to lite I'rtttnt Tmn, \ which he completed 

 l:{ volumes. Hi- Jied ut Brooklyn, June 5, IsM. 



SAC*). a city of Maim-, in York <>., is mi the 

 left bank of Saco River, six miles from its muulh, 

 ami 14 miles west of Portland. A bridge connects 

 witli Biddeford, to which it originally belonged, but 

 being separated in 1702, it attained the dignity of a 

 city a century later (1S>7). It has two national and 

 two savings banks, an alhcmenm, a high school, ten 

 churches, a public library, and a weekly newspaper. 

 The industrial work* eoMBfiM Mvenulam coiton 

 factories, saw mills, machine .-hops, shot- factories, 

 etc., which obtain water power from I he fall.- of the 

 river, which exceed -VI t'rct. The population in 



SACKAMKNTO, the capital of California, and 

 the seat of Sacramento co., is in :w - 33' >.'. lat., 

 1J1 -J>i \V. 1 in,'. . :'.'> miles by rail Irom San Fran- 

 cisco. The city is legated on an extensive plain on 

 the east hank of the Sacramento River, immediately 

 south of the mouth of the American River. The 

 streets are wide and cross at right angles. Thtise 

 running eat and west are designated l>y the letters 

 of the alphalH'l. and those crossing them north and 

 south are numlN-red, commencing at the Sacramento 

 River. Tlie business portion is built of brick, and 

 the residence portion of wood. Shade trce> are 

 abundant, and almost every residence has a lawn 

 and is surrounded with orange trees, palms, orna- 

 mental plant-, and dowers. 



The lirst railroad in California, extending from 

 Sacramento into Kl I) >rado co., was formally opened 

 on Feb. ->'2. KV>. Work on the Central Pacific 

 R lilro.ul was commenced at Sacramento Jan. S, 

 Is'.:;. by Grov. Leland Stanford, and this first over- 

 land road was completed May 10. ISiiil. Sacra menlo 

 is on the line of the California and Oregon, \A 

 Pacific, Central Pacilic, California Pacific, and Sac- 

 ramento and Plan-mile railroads. All of these 

 roads are of the Southern Pacific' system, whose 

 shops here cover 'J") acres of land and furnish con- 

 stant employment to about 1WH) men. The com- 

 pany's hospital is also located in the city. A line 

 of steamboats runs to San Francisco on the Sera- 

 men to Kiver and the bay. and another up the same 

 stream to l!.-d Bluff. The Sacramento Hiver is 

 spanned opposite' the city by a railroad ami wagon 

 bridge, connecting it with the town of Washington, 

 Yolo co., and the American Kiver is crossed by two 

 bridges. All the bridges in the county and all roads 

 are free. 



The capital of California was permanently located 

 ramento on February -1~>, ISM, and' in Isr.'.i 

 the present capitol building;, the finest in the Stale, 

 was completed at a cost of about >?_'. (XX), 000. In 

 the Capitol Park are the exposition pavilion of the 

 State Agricultural Society and the State printing 

 and electroiypin;; oiii<-e, in which are printed, in 

 addition to the usual work for the State, the text- 

 books for use in the public schools. The state 

 Agricultural Society has aUo an extensive park for 

 the exhibition of stock and a fine race-track. The 

 State fairs are annually held in September. The 

 Masons and Odd Fellows have each imposing tem- 

 ples. The I'nited States Government has a post- 

 office building which cost 8100,000. The County 

 Court House (formerly used as the Stale Capitol) 

 cost 9200,000, and a brick and iron Hall of Records 

 coat $50,000. The County Hospital, built on the 

 pavilion plan, cost 75,000, al "l can accommodate 

 175 patients. 



There arc in the city 1 national and 3 commercial 

 and savings banks, 3 daily, 1 semi-weekly ((icrman). 

 4 weekly newspapers, and 3 monthlies, and 17 

 churches. The Catholic Cathedral, now in course 



of erection, will cost $250,000. There are also 12 

 public-school build r leges, 4 private schools, 



and 1 art school. 



The State Library contains 63,300 volumes ; the 

 Free Public Library of 1'2,(XXI volumes is maintained 

 by a small city lax. The order of Odd Fellows 

 maintain a library of about KUO volumes. The 

 Crocker Ait dallery is a brick and iron building 

 three stories high, aMttng over Slim.ixto. It be- 

 longs to the city and contains some of the finest 

 paintings in the State, together with an i-xti nsjve 

 cabinet of minerals, the prop< rty of the State. The 

 paintings are valued at over half a million do]' 

 The State Capitol Park embraces L'.'I acres of land 

 and the City Pla/a '2$ acres. Both parks are 

 lawned and planted with the choicest varieties of 

 trees, shrubs, and flowering and ornamental plants. 

 and fountains are appropriately placed. During 

 the summer months scini-wccklv open-air concerts 

 are given at these parks by brass bands. 



Sacramento i.s lighted with gas and electricity, 

 most of the street lighting Vicing furnished by the 

 latter m< ans. The water-works are the property of 

 the city, and (he water is supplied nt a moderate 

 char 



The total valuation of property in the city is 

 .-jr,.(HMi.(MKi. and the municipal debt on Jan. 1, 

 iss'.t. was l..M.Hi.lKit). '1 he municipal expenses for 

 the vear ending -April 1, 1SSS, were ?-"17..">.Vi.78. 



The city has 4 flouring mills, 4 planing mills. '2 

 box factories, 1 broom factory, 1 cannerv. '2 wine- 

 ries, 7 carriage mannlactori' s, _' spice mills, 3 potte- 

 r'u s. and ~> fonndri> 



As in all cities in California the population is cos- 

 mopolitan. At present (1889) it contains 30,000 

 inhabitant*. 



In IW.i Captain John A. Putter established a fort, 

 now included within the city limits, 1 nt the city 

 \\as not laid out until 1S-1S, after the discovery of 

 gold. The thousands of gold-seekers who arrived 

 in the country came up the river to Sacramento in 

 strainers and sailing VCSM Is, and from lhat point 

 proceeded by land to the mines. A canvas town 

 was at first established on the river bank, and soon 

 substantial buildings were erected. In 184!) the 

 high waters ovcrllowtd the city, and levees were 

 made. Tin se however proved' insullicicnt in the 

 winter of ISCil-'J. when they wire broken in the. 

 great flood and the city was again inundated. On 

 Nov. 'J. li-.V_'. most of the business portion was 

 burned, and again on July 13, 18.~4, a great fire 

 swept over the same ground and destroyed all that 

 had been rebuilt. The cilv is now protected with 

 substantial levees against floods, and a paid fire de- 

 partment is maintained. The city was incoqwraled 

 b\ the first legislature Feb. 27, i860; on April 24, 

 ls-"S. tin' governments of the city and county were 

 consolidated; nnd on April 25, 18(53, the DKKlrt 

 charter, providing for a city government only, was 



passed. 



Sacramento is the commercial centre of a rich 

 agricultural district, specially adapted to grape nnd 

 orange growing'. Its geographical position nnd 

 transportation facilities enable it to command the 

 trade of the entire northern half of the State. 



(W. J. D.) 



SACRIFICE. See T.\] '11! X, UI.E. 



SACS AM) FOXKS. Bee Fn\ INDIANS. 



SAFE DEPOSIT OOMPAinxa Corporations 

 for the safe keeping of valuable personal properly, 

 thouirh of comparatively recent origin, are in ope- 

 ration in many of the large cilies throughout the 

 I'liitcil Static. Kxcept in the Slate of New York, 

 where their organization is provided for by general 

 laws, fhi v tonally are created by special legislative 

 acts, as was :l lso tbe cu-tom in that Slate until 187.". 

 when a statute was cnacti d, authorizing the forma- 

 tion of stock companies for the purpose of taking 



