466 



6CULPTUBE. 



museum. Subsequently ft German nrlist taught first earned n livelihood by chimney -building nnd 



h:ra the art of modeling i" plaster. Aided liy Mr. later in a stone-cutter's \ard. lie began l model 



Nicholas Lonyworth, who bhowed so much lilx> in clay, and his likenesses soon attracted attention ; 



nilitv towards cur nrtisU, he soon found ample thereafter, his services we re frri[ucntly in rcquiM- 



employnient in inodeliiig the features of many pro- lion. Among his portrait busts arc those of Jnck- 



ni i in- n't public individual.-, notably Andrew Jackson, son, Taylor, nnd Governor Crillcndcn, all chaiac tc- 



rr, Calhouu, Chief-. )u-ticc" Mar-hall and Ed- ristie and truthful likenesses. It lias been said that 



ward KMTI-U. In l s -!7 hr went to Italy, where he in some of them the look of flesh is remarkable, 



remained until hU death. During his lon^ eareer His statue of Clay is in Louisville, Ky. In ideal 



lie executed a number of well-tinished and merito- works, like Angelina and the graeeful Woman 



rious ideal works, in which be showed much Triumphant, he shows n delieate, refined fancy, 

 sentiment and considerable technical skill. His Another, who, like not n few of om iarli( r sculp- 



btatue of the Greek Slave, of which a duplicate was torn, In-gan his career as a stone-cutter, was Shobal 



exhibited iu the United States, aroused much Vail ( I.IAKM.KK (1812-43). The success which ho 



enthusiasm. Manv have praised it for its pure and had iu some of his artistic efforts encouraged him 



noble sentiment, and as representing a high type ot to attempt portraiture. He soon left Cincinnati. 



bi'autv. Of the adverse criticism that by Jarves in where he was working, for the East, and found 



his Art Idea u especially severe. Six copies in ample employment in nuxleling busts of numerous 



inu rtili> wor m:nle of the Greek Slave as well as in- prominent men, nmong them Clay, Everett, Web- 

 ster, Allston, Vnn Buren. In these he gave us a 



intrble were made of the Greek Slave as well as in- 

 numerable reduced copies in parian, casts, etc. 

 Tin- Eve before the Fall and Eve after the Fall are 

 considered by some his best ideal statues, and II 

 IViisenwo, Fisher Hoy, Proserpine and California 

 UL-e also among his more important works. Though 

 perhaps best known to the general public by these 

 ideal works, notably the Greek Slave, he seems, 

 however, to have achieved his greatest success iu 

 portraiture, and his portrait busts are excellent in 

 the portrayal of diameter and in execution. His 

 mechanical talent enabled him to invent various 

 appliance* for facilitating the labors of the sculp- 

 tur's art. 



Thomas CRAWFORD (181457) was a man east in a 

 large mould. There is something grand and earnest 

 in all of his works, nnd his versatility, enthusiasm and 

 untiring industry were quite remarkable. His first 

 studies were made under Frazee and Lannitz, and 

 in KU he went to Italy, where he entered the 

 studio of Thorwaldscn. Of his works best known to 



i.-' i < i , rffclic-i^rilj 1 (ill I'll 1V.II. 4 11 PUVM MV f-' 1 * ' ' 



valuable series of remarkably truthful anil realistic 

 portraits. 



Henry K. BROWN (1814-86) was at first deter- 

 mined to Income a portrait-painter, but his atten- 

 tion having been drawn to sculpture he adopted 

 that as a profession. To the general public he 

 will always l>e known as the Kdlptorofibe equestrian 

 statues of General Scott, at the National Capital, 

 and Washington in New York. The latter, though 

 open to criticism, is. on the whole, good technically, 

 the horse spirited nnd graceful, and the gem ml 

 etlect grand and noble. It is, moreover, the first 

 statue in bronze wholly made in America. 



Some writers have, perhaps with justice, pointrd 

 to the works of Clark MILLS (1815-88), s the re- 

 sult, in n measure, of the complete ignorance in ait- 

 malters so frequently displayed by the people. His 

 statue of Gen. Jaikson, in Washington, is notable 

 especially for the dexterity with which the sculptor 



the public, the majestic and spirited equestrian has succeeded in so balancing the prancing charger 

 statue of Washington, at Richmond, and the statue that it needs no support but its own weight. 11 is 

 of B't thoveii are the in >st important. Both were ability is unquestioned, but be shows in his works 



rather dexterity and skill, than true genius or a 



higher art-feeling. 



cast in Munich, where they attracted much atten- 

 tion. The works ordered by the United Stales 

 government are also important. They include the 

 panels for the bronze door of the Capitol at Wash- 



In Benjamin Paul AKKRR (182.V01) we find one 

 of the mo.-t giftid of our sculptors. His art-instinct 



iugton, illustrating the American Kevolution, the was awakened nt an early age, nnd he nttimplid 



itue of Liberty surmounting the dome of the painting. But this failid to f-ntisfy him, and it w as 



Cap tol, and a marble pediment, with symbolical the, sight of a plaster cast that first revealed to him 



figures delineating the progress of American civi- his true vocal ion. lie unfortunately died too young 

 h/.:ition. The Orpheus and Cerlierns, his first ideal 

 group, executed in IK!'.), is considered by some the 



work in which his power and ability are best shown. 

 Another well-known statue by him, the Indian 



f"r a complete unfolding of his talents or the pro- 

 duction of works that would have been rather fnlid 

 to perpetuate I. is memory than simply to give rro- 



. _ __ . mise of greater success to come. But in his list 



Chief, won the admiration especially of the sculptor statues, like that of the Pearl Invcr. an exquisitely 

 Gilwon. | beautiful creation, his strong imaginative faculty, 



Another sculptor of this period who must be his tinder, sympathetic, nnd sin<ngly ntbetio 

 reckoned aiming the first of our artists, is Horatio nature as well as his thorough knowledge of the 

 GHKKXOUOH (1SO."> .VJ). He was a man of tine in- principles of art, nre revealed to us We find in him, 

 telleclual attainments and had, in fact, like several again, that taste for literary pursuits, referred to 

 of our prominent artists of the time, a decided lite- previously as not uncommon nmong our eailicr 

 rary vein in Ins composition. His Chanting Chcrulw, artists. 



ordered by J. Feuimorc ( 'oo|>er, was, according to A senlptor of rnre nnturnl Inlent wns Edwaul S. 

 Tuekcrman, the first group in marble executed by BAHTIKM.OMKW (18-22-58). His early life, owing 

 an American. H<- is In -t known by the Hunker to his nncncouraged love for art. \v:is a Mrngglu 

 II'll Monument, which he designed, and the statue with adversity. Like Aker^ he tried his linnd 1'i-t 

 of Wa-lun_;tou at the National Capitol. The latter at painting, but having discovert d that lie \\as 

 lion been the subject of much criticism nnd ridicule, totally color-blind, he turned his attention to scnlp- 

 lUi nudity has been objected to as incongruous, nnd tun-. He produced a number of classic and scri] ti:i:.l 

 :,demniug him for imitating the antique, com- subjects, in which he show< d much fancy and in- 

 mrisons have bei-n drawn between this work and ven'tive power. It has been said of him"(Tucki r- 

 Beiijatnin West's Death of General Wolfe. Vet man quotes the remark), that his most prexaluit 

 the statue is withal a noble piece of work. Besides, talent was "an intuitive perception of the t-trongi st 

 l> must be remembered that (Jrei'iiou-jh intended it and moM statuesque aspect of n theme." A large 

 to \te placed indoors, in which ease the half nude number of bis works, are in the Wads-worth Giilleiy, 

 figure would have seemed less incongruous, and Hartford. Conn. 



gained considerably in improssivene.. Thomnw BALL (7j 18IM nlsn turned his nltcn- 



T. HART (1910-77) was a KentuckL>n who , lion first to painting, ntUiimug some po 



