490 



SHETARD - SHERIDAN. 



was in detachments widely scattered. Congress a 

 few months after the buttle/passed a resolution tend- 

 ering its thanks to Sheridan ami his troops for tho 

 gallantry, skill, and courage displayed in tin- brilliant 

 ones of* victories achieved in the valley. Tho Presi- 

 dent also thanked him by letter, in the name of the 

 nation, and a few weeks later appointed him a major- 

 general in tho army. 



Throughout his campaign Sheridan had been 

 much annoyed by the operations of tho guerilla 

 leader Mosby, whoso head quarters were to the east 

 of the Bluo Ridge in London county. Toward tho 

 <-n i of November, by way of retaliation, he sent a 

 ill vision of cavalry into the county to "consume and 

 y all forage and subsistence, bum nil barns 

 and mills and their contents, and drive off all stock." 

 The commission was executed with ruthless severity. 



With the coming of spring, movements in tlm 

 valley were renewed. On Fab. '21, 1805, Sheridan 

 in ived up the river from Winchester at tho head of 

 > sabres, his orders being to destroy the Cen- 

 tr.il Railroad and the James River Canal, capture 

 Lvnchburg, and then join Sherman or return to 

 Winchester. Early was found posted on a ridge 

 wast of Waynesboro', with two brigades of infantry, a 

 battalion of 6 guns, anil Rosser's cavalry. The posi- 

 tion was carried in an instant. All Early' s wagons, 

 stores, seventeen flags, and eleven guns (including 

 five found in the town), with 1COO prisoners, fell into 

 the victor's hands. Early and tho other Confeder- 

 ate generals fled toward Richmond ; Sheridan re- 

 turned to Winchester. 



The victory at Waynesboro' left him complete 

 master of the valley. His lieutenants now set about 

 the destruction of the Central Railroad and the ca- 

 nal. This accomplished, the* Valley war was at an 

 end. Early was with Lee, and on March 27th Sher- 

 idan joined Grant before Petersburg. 



SIlnPARD, CHARLES UPHAM (1804-1886), physi- 

 cist, was born at Little Compton, R. I., June '29, 

 1304; graduated at Amherst College in 182 1; studied 

 bjtauy and mineralogy at Harvard under Nnttall, 

 and subsequently taught those branches at Boston. 

 Fjr two years he was Prof. Silliman's assistant in tho 

 laboratory of Yule College, and was for one year in 

 chirge of the Brewster Institute at New Haven for 

 iliiTmiug a knowledge of ftciencn through popular 

 Ijjtures. In tho winter of 18:i2-:i.J he was employed 

 on a government commission to investigate the cult- 

 ure of the Hn gar-cane and the manufacture of sugar 

 in the S m'li T!: . ! resnlu being embodied 



i i Prof. Sillim ill's li'-ftm-l In I'm ,SVc>-/'irv of the 

 I in Is.!.",. From IX il) to 1S47 he was lect- 

 urer on nuMiiiil history a' Vale, and win associated 



Mr. .1. Q. Percival, in 183.J, in the S:ai. 

 lijie.il surrey of Connecticut From l*t"> to 1*.~>2 

 li *'.n professor of chemistry and natural history at 

 A-nherst, and on tho cliair being divid .! in the lat- 

 ter year, was continued as lecturer on natural his- 

 tory till 1877, when he was made professor emeritus. 

 From ls:u '.ill the outbreak of war, in 18C1 he filled 

 th i chemical ohair in the college of Charleston, S. (.'., 

 a id in 1 s >~> re. inn "d in duties for a few years. To 

 him is due the discovery of the rielt deposits of 

 ph >s|'iate of lime nnr Charleston, which have 

 proved of great value as fcrtili/.ers. Prof. Shepard 

 formed at Amherst the finest collection of meteorites 

 and minerals in the country, winch was purchased 

 in 1877 by the college, but partially destroyed by 

 fire in 1880. He was the author of a '/>-./ 

 MiiMniyii (1832; 3d ed .. 1S,V>) und a A'-yini-/ "// Ilia 

 Oeolngy nf < i. well as of num> -u * 



. ap|M!aring chiefly in the " American Journal 

 >f Science." The decree of Id/ I> was conferred 

 on him bv Amherst in 1M",7, ami he was member of 

 many scientific societies, home mid foreign. He 

 died at Charleston, S. C., May 1, 1 



His son, CIIARLER UTOAM Rim-Ann, Jn., was born at 



New Huven, Oei. I. 1MJ: w.is piep.ucd fur collego 

 at l'hilli|>s Academy, Andover, Mass. ; graduated at, 

 Yale, 1803, and at (idttingen, in nn>diciiie, 1.SG7. On 

 his return to the United States he was appointed to 

 the chair of chemistry in Charleston. S. (.'., which 

 he held till 1883, since which time lie has bc< 



as an analytical chemist, largely in develop- 

 ing the chemical resources of South Carolina as re- 

 lating to agriculture, first disclosed by his father. 

 In 1887 he presented to Audi, ml cabinet 



of minerals left by his father, while his own cabinet 

 of meteorites is deposited in tho National Mn 

 at Washington. 



SHKI'l.KY, GBOROE FOSTER (1819-1878), jtuu ,1 

 and general, was born at Saco, Maine, Jan. 1. is I'. 1 . 

 His father, ETHKB SIIEPIJJY (17h9-1877), Imd been 

 prominent in the political affairs of Maine f> 

 separation from Massachusetts, serving in the I . S. 

 senate, 1833-36, and afterward in tl prcnm 



court, of which he was chief justice from l 1 - 

 ls.V>. The son graduated at Dartmouth Colh 

 1837, studied law at Harvard, and began practice at 

 Bangor. Ho removed to Portland in 1844, and was 

 1'. S. district attorney from 1R~>:\ to Isiil. He had 

 been delegate to the National Democratic ('< i<- 

 vention in 1860, but on the outbreak of the ci\il 

 war he was commissioned colonel of tho Twclf.h 

 Maine Volunteers, and took part in tho expedi- 

 tion against New Orleans. In the capture of that 

 i city he led a brigade, and was afterward military 

 i commandant. His administration was charactcr- 

 i/.eil by judicious firmness, which preserved cider 

 amid turbulent elements. In June, 18G2, his rnle 

 was extended over Louisiana; when a loyal civil 

 government was established there, in ]S(>4, and 

 , (!en. Butler's nrmy went to Virginia, Gon. Shcp- 

 ley was transferred to the command of the mili- 

 tary district of Eastern Virginia. On the rapt urn 

 of Richmond, ho \vns appointed its military gover- 

 nor. He resigned from tho army in July, ]S(',.">. and 

 in 186!) was appointed U. S. circuit judge, for Maine, 

 which office he held till his death at Portland, July 

 20, 1X78. 



SIIKRIDAN, PHILIP HK.VRY (18C1-1PP8), by mili- 

 tary ability eminently deserved the high rank to 

 which ho attained General in tho United E 

 Army, a rank previously held only by U. S. Grant 

 and W. T. Sherman. In tho lost year'of Sheridi.n's 

 life a curious controversy arose as to the place of his 

 birth. His mother settled I ho mutter bv slating 

 that "Phil was born, March (i, 1S31, in ihe liillo 

 frame house still standing in South Slid t, ,s, M, i - 

 set. Perry I'..., Ohio." 



Philip was the second son of John and Mary Sher- 

 idan, who emigrated from County Cavan, Ireland, in 

 1828, and who, after residing a short time in Albany, 

 drifted to the village of Somerset in 1S29. Here the 

 father found employment in road-making, belt. -nig 

 himself till ho eventually was able to take contracts. 

 Sheridan had two brothers, of whom the younger, 

 Col. Michael V. Sheridan, was, in his later 

 on his statf. Philip spent his boyhood working 

 on the homestead and attending the village school, 

 on leaving which ho got situations in the village 

 stores successively, each change bringing inc 

 pay. The rollicking Iri-di boy is \et spoken of in 

 Somerset as ever ready for a frolic or a light, and y. t 

 without an enemy in the place. I'mm his early 

 years he was a lover of soldiers and used to orgtiiii/D 

 the village boys into a company, over whom he \\as a 

 strict disciplinarian but a good drill-master. Ho 

 was fond of reading bii.graphy and history, especially 

 histories nf wars. The vi.---ui,.s of Taylor iin.i 

 in l v lii IT probably stimulated his military instincts, 

 and a fortunate- application to the congressman dj 

 the district gained him in his 17th year a < -adetship 



