SMITH SMITH. 



535 



gave him a vote of thanks and a sword. He was af- 

 terward at Valley Forge and Monmouth, then re- 

 signed his commission, though acting as colonel of 

 militia at Baltimore. In 1783 he was made a port 

 warden there and in 1790 was elected to the legisla- 

 ture. He commanded the quota of Maryland troops 

 called oat to suppress the Whiskey insurrection in 

 Pennsylvania. For ten years from 1793 he was a 

 representative in Congress, serving also for a short 

 time in 1801 as secretary of the navy. In 1803 he 

 was elected to the U. S senate, and was one of the 

 prominent supporters of Jeff Arson's policy. He was 

 major-general of the Maryland troops in defence of 

 Baltimore in 1814. He was active in promoting the 

 interests of Baltimore, helping to found the Bank 

 of Maryland in 1791), to establish a library, and to 

 adorn the city with the monuments which long gave 

 it the name " Monumental Ci'.y." At the age of 83, 

 long after he had retired from pnblic work, he was 

 called to suppress a mob, and did the work so effect- 

 ually that he was elected mayor and served for three 

 ye irs. He died at Baltimore, April '22, 1839. 



His brother, RouKKr SMITH (1757-181-), also born 

 at Lancaster, graduated at Princeton College in 

 1781, studied law, and practised at Baltimore. He 

 served in many public capacities, was a presidential 

 elector in 1789, state senator in 1793, delegate, 1796- 

 1800, and member of the city council, 1798-1801. 

 Pros. Jeffjrson made him secretary of the navy from 

 January, 1802, till 1805, and U. S. attorney-general 

 from March till December, 1805. He was appointed 

 chancellor of Mirylaad soon afterward, and Pres. 

 Mi'lison called him into his cabinet as secretary of 

 state in March, 1803, but in November, 1811, when 

 the faction clamorous for war with Great Britain 

 gained the upper hand, Smith retired, though Madi- 

 son offered him the embassy to Russia. In 1813 he 

 wa< made provost of the University of Maryland, and 

 he held other posts of honor. He died at Baltimore, 

 Nov. 26, 1812. 



SMITH, SAMUEL FR.VXCH, minister and hymn- 

 writer, was born at Boston, Oct. 21, 1803. Graduat- 

 ing a', Harvard in the famous class of 1829 with Dr. 

 O. W. Holmes, Rev. James Freeman Clarke, and 

 others of note, he studied theology at Andover, and 

 in 1831 became pastor of a Baptist church at Wator- 

 ville, Maine. Bjfore this he had written for the 

 press, had translated for Dr. Libber's Eitojclnpcgdia 

 Aintri&iivi, and had edited the linptixt MittSmary 

 Mugmiiie. In lSi'2 he removed to Newton, Mass., 

 where besides pastoral work he conducted the Chr'ut- 

 tiun Review for seven years. Religious and secular 

 journals and magazines wolcomad his contributions. 

 His national hymn "America," " Mv country, 'tis of 

 thee," was written at An lover in 1832 and first sung 

 publicly in Park Street Ctiurch, Boston, July 4, 

 1.S31 Another of liis hvmns is " Tlie morning light 

 is breaking." In 1855 he became editor of the 

 periodicals of the Baptist Missionary Union. He 

 contributed to Sprague's Annuls of the American. 

 Pal.pit, and to the Baptist Jubilee. The Pxftlmi.it, a 

 standard Baptist hymn-hook, contains 27 of his 

 hymns. Among his later publications are Afission- 

 itrif Slcetclua (1879) ; a History of Newton, Mass. 

 ( I .is i| ; and Rambles in Mission FieliLt (1884). 



SMITH, SAMUEL STANHOPE (1750-1819), educator, 

 was born at Peqnea, Pa, March 16, 1750. His 

 father, Dr. Robert Smitb, had emigrated from 

 Ulster, and settled in Pennsylvania as pastor of a 

 Presbyterian church, conducting also a classical 

 academy, which became famous. The son studied 

 in it, and, after graduating at Princeton College in 

 1769, returned to teach. But he was soon called to 

 be a tutor at Princeton, and was ordained to the 

 Presbyterian ministry in 1774. He went to Virginia, 

 and in 1773 became the first president of Hampden- 

 Sidney College. In 1779 Samu?l was called to be 



professor of moral philosophy at Princeton, and in 

 1783 he was made professor of theology. In 1786 he 

 became vice-president, and finally, in 1795, president, 

 of the college, retaining this position till 1812. (See 

 NEW JEBSEV, COLLEGE OF.) In the Presbyterian 

 Church he was almost equally influential with his 

 predecessor, Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon (q. v. ) whose 

 daughter he had married. In the organization of 

 that church, in 1786, he took part in drafting its 

 form of government. Dr. Smith was noted for his 

 dignity, courtly manners, and eloquence trained on 

 the French models. He died at Princeton, Aug. '21, 

 1812. Besides separate sermons, he had published 

 a volume in 1798, and after his death two more 

 volumes appeared with a memoir. He had also pub- 

 lished Lectures on the Eridencfs nfthe Christian Relig- 

 ion and on Moral Philosophy (1809), a Si/stem (if Rt- 

 vral and Reveali-d Religion (1816), and had brought 

 down to a later date the History of the United Stales 

 by his brother-in-law, Dr. David Ramsay. 



His brother, JOHN BLAIR SMITH (1756-1799), also a 

 Presbyterian minister and educator, was born at 

 Pequea, Pa., June 12, 1756. He graduated at 

 Princeton College in 1773, and studied theology 

 with his brother, then president of Hampden-Sidney 

 College, nnd succeeded him in this position in 1779. 

 Also gifted with eloquence, he became a noted re- 

 vival preacher in the Valley of Virginia. In 1791 ho 

 was called to the Third Presbyterian Church, Phila- 

 delphia, and after four years' service was made 

 president of Union College, Schenectady, N. Y.; but 

 in May, 1799, he was induced to return to his former 

 charge in Philadelphia. This later service was cut 

 short by his death on Aug. 22, 1799. 



SMITH, SEBA (1792-1868), best known under the 

 name " Major Jack Downing," was born at Buck- 

 field, Maine, Sept. 14, 1792. He graduated at Bow- 

 doin College in 1818, and became a journalist at 

 Portland. His humorous political letters, satirizing 

 President Jackson, -were in 1833 collected in a vol- 

 ume which passed through many editions. A latir 

 work of a similar character was his Thirty Years out 

 of the Senate (1859). Smith also published several 

 poems, the longest of which was I'mehatan (1841), 

 and a volume of sketches railed Dmcn East (1855). 

 He died at Patchogue, L. I., July 29, 1868. He had 

 manned Elizabeth Oakes Prince, who contributed 

 7iiany poems to periodicals, at first anonymously, 

 but openly after her husband had become embar- 

 rassed in business. Her first collection was called 

 The Si>desx Child and other Poems (1843). Then 

 came tragedies, Tlie Roman Tribute and Jacob Leis- 

 ler, or Old New York, and, after a long interval, Des- 

 tiny. Meantime she had published several novels 

 and tales and some works on woman's rights. After 

 her husband's death she resided for many years in 

 New York City, but afterward in North Carolina. 



SMITH, WILLIAM (1726-1803), the first provost of 

 the University of Pennsylvania, was born in Aber- 

 deen, Scotland, in 1726. After graduating at the 

 university of that city, in 1747 he emigrated to 

 America and became tutor in the family of Col. 

 Martin, on Long Island. He was called by Franklin 

 and others to Philadelphia to tnke charge of the 

 projected college. His General Idea of the CiVeqe of 

 Mirania gave his view of what was to be aimed at 

 in the new institution. To obtain help for it and to 

 receive episcopal orders he visited England in 1753. 

 The academy which was opened in that year be- 

 came in 1754 the College of Philadelphia. His loyal 

 adherence to the Penn family provoked political 

 controversies, and at one time he was thrown into 

 prison, where his classes came for instruction. On 

 his second visit to England, in 1759, the University 

 of Oxford conferred on him the degree of D. D., and 

 on a third, in 1762, he collected for his college 6,000. 

 He took the patriotic side in the crisis of the revolu- 



