TERRITORY. 



665 



Carolina south of Cape Carteret. The provincial 

 assembly of South Carolina claimed independence of 

 the Lords Proprietors in 1719. South Carolina be- 

 came a State at the Revolution. 



Georgia, originally part of the Provir.ee of Caro- 

 lina, received a corporate government in 1732, with a 

 cession of that part of South Carolina south of the 

 Savannah River and extending west to the South 

 Sea. A regular colonial government was given in 

 1752 and Georgia became a State at the Revolution. 

 The constitution of that Suite in 1798 gave authority 

 for the cession to the United States of the territory 

 west of the Chattahooehee, and that cession was 

 made. The territory thus relinquished was included 

 in the Territory ot Mississippi established in 17'JS 

 that extended to the Mississippi River. 



Alabama was established as a Territory in 1817 out 

 of the Territory of Mississippi, and was admitted as a 

 Suite in ISiy. 



ti. organized as a Territory in 1798, was 



admitted in 1817, comprising that portion of the terri- 

 tory excluded from the limits of Alabama. Portions 

 of the States of Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi 

 were derived by the cession of the Floridas by Spain. 



T'Hiitsxee was, n|H>n its cession by North Carolina, 

 embraced in the limits of the territorial government 

 of the territory south of the Ohio, established in 179'), 

 and remained in that condition after Kentucky, part 

 of that territory, was a State. It was admitted as a 

 State in 17%. 



Louisiana occupies territory that was part of the 

 Province of Louisiana held by France and ceded by 

 France to the United States by treaty in 1808. during 

 the administration of Pres. Jefferson, for which the 

 United States paid $11,250,000 in a 6 per cent, stock 

 redeemable in annual payments of $3,000,000, com- 

 mencing in fifteen years from the treaty. Under an 

 act of Congress in 1803 possession was taken of this 

 province and its government committed for the time 

 being to the President. In 1804 the province was 

 divided into two Territories, that portion south of lati- 

 tude 33 being named the Territory of Orleans, and 

 the northerly part being called the District of Louis- 

 iana, The Territory of Orleans was organized in 1804 

 and the District of Louisiana provisionally attached to 

 the Territory of Indiana. In 1805 the District of 

 Louisiana was separately organized as the Territory of 

 Louisiana. I/misiana was admitted as a State in 1811, 

 embracing the Territory of Orleans. 



Missntiri. The name of the Territory of Louisiana 

 was in 1812 changed to that of Missouri Territory, and 

 territorial organization completed. In 1820 Missouri 

 was enabled to be admitted to the Union subject to 

 the ratification of the boundaries assigned, and ac- 

 cepted such boundaries, excluding the north part of 

 the Territory of Missouri and that embraced in 

 Arkansas Territory. 



Arkfinxa* was organized in 1819 as Arkansas Terri- 

 tory out of that portion of Missouri Territory south 

 of the territory of the present State of Missouri, and 

 was admitted as a State in I8:;ij. 



Iowa originally formed part of Missouri Territory, 

 but was separated from that Territory in lx:il and 

 made part of Michigan Territory, and in 1830 em- 

 braced in the Territory of Wisconsin. Jn 1838 it was 

 erected into the Territory of Iowa, and in I84. r ) was 

 admitted as a State. 



Fhridti. The territory occupied by Florida was 

 part of that ceded by Spain to the United States by 

 treaty in 1819 under the name of the colonies of East 

 and West Florida, and was organized as the Territory 

 of Florida in 1822, and Florida was admitted as a 

 State in 1st:, 



Texrt* was formerly pnrt of the Republic of Mexico 

 and united with Coahuila as a State of that republic. 

 In 1833 Texas declared her independence, as a State 

 of the Mexican Republic, and in 1 835 framed a con- 

 titution. In 1836 Texsu declared her entire inde- 

 Voi. IV. 2 m 



pendence of Mexico and in the same year framed a 

 ^institution in conformity with such declaration. This 

 independence was recognized by the United States 

 ind other nations. In 1845 Texas was annexed to the 

 United States under a joint resolution of Congress 

 accepted by that State, and in the same year was ad- 

 mitted into the Union. 



Kansas. The territory of Kansas was in part de- 

 rived from Missouri Territory and in part under the 

 cession of Florida in 1819, and was erected into the 

 Territory of Kansas in 1854, the northerly portion ex- 

 tending to the Rocky Mountains. Kansas adopted a 

 constitution in 1859 excluding the territory occupied 

 by Colorado from its boundaries, and was admitted as 

 a State. 



Xtl>rttxl;a, The Territory of Nebraska was organ- 

 ized in 1854 by the same act that organized the Terri- 

 tory of Kansas, and included with the territory of the 

 present State a portion of that of Colorado, Montana, 

 Dakota, and Wyoming, which were excluded from her 

 boundaries :it her admission as a State in 1867. 



('nfni-iKfri. The territory occupied by Colorado was 

 derived in part from jthe Territory of Nebraska and in 

 part from that of Kansas, and was organized as the 

 Territory of Colorado in 1861. Colorado was admitted 

 as a State under an act of 1875. 



Cnlifrmiiu was occupied by military and naval forces 

 of the United Stairs during the Mexican war, and at 

 its close, in 1848, passed by treaty into possession. It 

 was admitted as a State in 1850. 



X> a- JH&fico and Utah were organized as Territories 

 in 1850 from lands derived from Mexico under the 

 treaty of peace in 1848. New Mexico was enlarged by 

 the Gadsden purchase from Mexico in 1853. Nevada 

 was separated from Utah and made a Territory in 

 |M',I. and was admitted as a State in 18C4. Arizona 

 was separated from New Mexico and organized as a 

 Territory in 1863. 



Montana, Wyomiun, and Dakota were, in 1854, 

 embraced in the Territory of Kansas, that Territory 

 being in part derived from the Louisiana purchase, in 

 part through the treaty of peace with Mexico, and in 

 part through the annexation of Texas. Montana was 

 organized as a Territory in 1864, Dakota in 1861, and 

 Wyoming in ISC.s. 



Washington Territory was organized in 1853 of land 

 derived under the treaty of 1846 with Great Britain 

 for the settlement of the North-west boundary, and 

 was originally established as. the Territory of Oregon 

 in Is 16, and, upon the admission of Oregon as a State 

 in I s.V.i. received the residue of Oregon Territory not 

 included in that State. Idaho was separated from the 

 Territory of Washington and organized as a Territory 

 in 1863. 



The Indian Territory was acquired by the annexa- 

 tion of Texas, and was set apart for Indian occupation 

 in 1828, under treaties with certain Indian tribes, and 

 has not been organized as a Territory of the United 

 States. 



Alaslca was acquired by purchase from the Russian, 

 government in lsT>7, and has not yet received com- 

 plete territorial organization. After long remaining 

 under military control, it was made a District in 1884, 

 and has a governor appointed by the President. 



The District of (.nlmnbia was ceded to the United 

 States by Virginia and Maryland in 1791 as the 

 national seat of government. Virginia's share was 

 retroccded in 1846. From 1871 to 1874 the District 

 had a territorial form of government, but this was 

 revoked by Congress. 



The anthoriiy possessed by Congress over the Terri- 

 tories is sovereign, and without other limitation than 

 such as is imposed by the Constitution upon its powers 

 at large. Article IV. of the Constitution declares 

 that "Congress shall have power to dispose of and 

 make rules and regulations respecting the territory or 

 other property belonging to the United States." ^This 

 power has been judicially defined as sovereign in it* 



