TUCKERMAN TUFTS COLLEGE. 



707 



ministration, and though strangely at variance with 

 the actual facts, reveal the ideas then germinating in the 

 leading classes of the South. The story wus reprinted 

 in Xew York in 1861 with the tide, A Key tu the Jjit- 



uniun 1'oiixiiintcy. 



GEORGE TUCKER (1 77.3-1 SO!), a nephew of St. 

 George Tucker, came to Virginia from the Bermudas 

 nldUt, 17~>7, entered in William and .Mary College, and 

 was educated in law by his uncle. He was elected to 

 Congress in 181'.). 1821, and Is2:j, and in 1825 became 

 professor of elhi.-s and political economy in the Uni- 

 versity of Virginia, woich position he held till he 

 reached his 70th year. The most important work that 

 came from his pen was a Life of Tluiiiuus Jefferson 

 (1337), which was long a standard authority. He was 

 the author also of a novel entitled The. Vnllty of tlie 

 ShaumJoak (IH24) ; and A T 'oynge to the Moon (IH27), 

 a satirical romance. His History of the I'ntteil States 

 (t vols., 1856-58) brought the narrative down to 1840. 

 The most of his later life he spent in Philadelphia, 

 but he died near Charlotteville, Va., April 10, 1864. 



TUCKKK.MA.V, HK-NRV THEODOHE (1813-1871), 

 man of letters, was born in Boston, April 20, 1813, 

 and educated in the public schools there. The years 

 from 1833 to 1839 were spent in European travel for 

 the sake of his health, with the exception of parts of 

 1 -<.;.",-;;i'>, when he returned to resume his studies. 

 The fruits of his tours are seen in his Italian S!;it?lt- 



no\ *:>); oix-.i o. ( -v. " pTmaget; 

 Rmnlilei ami Rererirx (1841), with which may be asso- 

 ciated hi.s later M-nttti in Enfllnnd (1853) and M-ii/n 

 Papers ahnut I'uris (1807). Removed from Boston to 

 New York in 1845. He contributed there largely to 

 magazines, reviews, and other periodicals. In 1841) 

 the Orst series of his contributed papers appeared in 

 collected form under the title, Thoiti/klx on t/tr J'le/s, 

 and they were followed by Arti.fl Life, or Sketches of 

 Amerii-iH 1'iinters (1847) ; Chnmcterislics of Lilern- 

 fWV (1840-1851); T/ie Optimist ( 1 850) ; Diary of a 

 Dreamer (1853) ; AZ<.*fi/.. /////;/</;/((/ an<l Ci-itii-ul, 

 nr Stitili't i if (,'huracter (1857). Of this last volume 

 Washington Irving, with characterislie kindness to a 

 brother author, says : "I do not know when I have 

 read any work more uniformly rich, full, and well 

 sustained." In biography proper he produced the 

 lives of (Vnmodore Silas Talbot, Horatio Greenough, 

 Dr. J. \V. Fran. 'is. J. P. Kennedy. Part of hi 

 on The Oharaeler ami 1'nrtrui/x f ]\~<i.<s/iinr/foii 

 (IS.yj) was originally appended to Irving's Lit'? f 

 Wathinfftoit, Tlif. lt'n/1; of Aini-rii-mi Artists (1807) 

 is still a standard work, and, with his other writings 

 on art, furnishes his best claim to remembrance. 

 While steadily diligent with his pen, he was always 

 somewhat, of a dreamer, and the ideal unworl. ily lile 

 of the artist had especial charms for him. To Shaw's 

 Outlines 'if Kiii/lish Li/i -future Tnekerman appended 

 a .S'/.r/c/i of American Literature (hs.~>l>). His pam- 

 phlet on The Ri-lii-liiiin, its Latent (\nisfs and True 

 Significance (1801), was pronounced by Dr. A. P. 

 Peabody "a very thorough and careful analysis of 

 certain secondary causes of the Rebellion." Among 

 his other publications are America and her ('ommen- 

 fa/or* ( I HiU) and TYie Criterion: or t/ie Test of Talk 

 nliniit familiar Tliini/s (1800). Tiiekerman also pro- 

 duced The Spirit of J'oetn/ (1851) and A Slienf of 

 Verse, the latter a contribution to the Sanitary Fair 

 of New York in !8G4. His lx>ks are mainly collec- 

 tions of monographs relating to biography, literature, 

 and art. As spi-imcns of genial and pleasantly in- 

 structive, but not profound, criticism they served well 

 a temporary purpose, though now less frequently read 

 or quoted. The author deserves credit lor his gen- 

 uinely American spirit. 



TI'('SO?>'. a eily of Arizona, county-seat of Pima 

 co. , is on th" Rio Santa Crux and on the Southern 

 I'.i i.ie Kailro'd. 2.")<) miles K. of yuiiia. It has a 

 court-house. U. S. C'lvr-rnnient building, a bank, a 

 church, public and private schools, and a newspaper 



office. It carries on trade in hides, stock, wool, and 

 gold-dust. It was founded by the Jesuits in 1500, and 

 was the capital of Arizona from 1807 to 1877. Its 

 population in 1880 was 7007. 



TUFTS COLLEGE is situated on the most beau- 

 tiful and commanding eminence in the southeasterly 

 part of Middlesex co., within the town of Medford 

 and on the borders of Medford and Somerville, 

 Mass. The tract of land given by Mr. Charles Tufts 

 comprises in all 100 acres. In consequence of this 

 gift it was determined that the college should bear his 

 name. The original charter, granted April 21, 1852, 

 conferred the power to give degrees of every kind 

 "except medical degrees." This restriction was re- 

 moved Feb. 2, 1867. In May, 1853, the Rev. Hosea 

 Bailou, D. D., was chosen to the office of pres- 

 ident. The college was first regularly opened to stu- 

 dents in August, 1855. Dr. Bailou died in May, 

 1801. The Rev. A. A. Miner, D. D., was chosen to 

 succeed him in 1802, and continued to hold the office 

 until his resignation in February, 1875. During his 

 presideney and largely through his instrumentality the 

 extraordinary material development of the college was 

 -eenivd. Funds were obtained from Silvanus Packard, 

 William J. Walker, Oliver Dean, and others, aggre- 

 L'alinir fully $750,000. The Hon. Israel Washburn, 

 Jr., the war governor of Maine, was chosen president 

 on the resignation of Dr. Miner, but he declined to 

 accept the office. The trustees then determined to 

 pl.iec an alumnus at the head of the institution. The 

 present inciiml>ent, the Rev. Elmer Hewitt Capen, 

 D. D., a graduate of the class of 1800, was elected to 

 the vacant chair, March 13, 1875. The calling of an 

 alumnus to the post has quickened the interest and 

 secured the co-operation of the graduates. 



In the matter of development few institutions in. 

 the country have made steadier progress. The selec- 

 tion of its present site was fortunate : first, because 

 of its proximity to Boston, the literary centre of the 

 New World ; and, secondly, because of the closeness 

 of its proximity to Harvard University, which has 

 compelled it to maintain the highest standard. The 

 result is seen in the steady growth of recent years. 

 The attendance has increased about forty per cent. 

 durini! the last decade. 



The course of study adopted was that of the other 

 leading New England colleges. The faculty in the 

 beginning consisted of three professors besides the 

 president; and for some years the work was done by 

 not more than five teachers. The gifts of Dr. Walker 

 enabled the trustees to enlarge on the side of science. 

 A professorship of civil engineering was created in 

 ISO". This department has been enlarged gradually, 

 until now men receive complete courses of professional 

 instruction in civil, mechanical, and electrical engineer- 

 ing. Natural history, physics, and chemistry have 

 each lieen made separate departments. There are 

 excellent lalioratories of physics, and, besides college 

 work, original investigations are conducted by Dr. 

 Dolbeare and assistant-professor Hooper. The or- 

 ganic research laboratory of chemistry has been fully 

 equipped and offers facilities unsurpassed for original 

 investigation. Very considerable additions to chemical 

 knowledge are made every year by Prof. Michael and 

 his assistants. 



Previous to 1875 the work of the college was mainly 

 prescribed. At that time the scope of electives was 

 broadened. There are now 1 1 full courses of electives 

 open, and from the middle of junior year a large 

 percentage of the work is in lines which the student 

 ehoos<>s for himself. A system of honors has been 

 devised to reward students eminent in special lines of 

 work. The degree of A. M. is given only after grad- 

 uate study in residence or under the direction of the 

 faculty for at least one year. The modifications of 

 discipline have been no less important. Formal rules 

 relating to conduet have been abolished. Men are 

 put upuu their honor aud no longer watched. Under 



