T86 



WOMKN. 



lie accepted a seat in the Council of 

 India. While war with Russia thn -itcucd, 1*77-7*. 

 he was chief of staff to LIP! .Napier of Mai:dala. who 



was in command of tin- expeditMoary army, Cyprus 



or to make laws governing the rights of real or 



J i.ropcrty situate within tic - hence 



there am IK- tint little national legislation : 



_ , --. ._.,.... women. I'.aeh State makes laws governing the status 



having been ceded liy Turkey in (ireat Britain, lie (if its own citizens and of the Tinted States citizens 

 wiled July l.'i. |>7>. a> hi.irh eoniiuissioner and coin- re.-idcnt therein, also of |irn|ieriy located within its 

 mander in chief of that island, where lie reformed the horders. the only restrictions upon Slate legislation 

 aduini.stration. lie predicted the /iilu war, and in 

 June, 1*7'.', was sent to South Africa as governor and 



high commissioner of Natal and the Transvaal to re- . _ 



organize /ulu affairs. The native- had Keen siilidiicd tution and the laws made in pursuance ihcivof'. From 

 at I'lundi IK; fore his arrival, but he settled the country this peculiar construction of the I'nii. vein- 



u pon this or any other subject exclusively within the 

 jurisdiction of the State governments being that it 

 shall not IK' in conflict with the I'nited Si 



by dividing it under a number of petty chiefs. I! 

 turning to Mngland May, 1S80, he w;us c|iiartcrma-t' r- 



p ncral at army headquarters till April. 1>S1', when 

 he sncceeiled Sir Charles Klliec as adjutant general. 



I in command of the ezpeditkxian force sent 



. pt in l.v-U i,) crush Arabi, he landed at Alex- 



andria on Aug. l.'i. stormed Arabi's lines at Tel el- 



Kebir Sept. I."!, received his surrender, ami finished 



ment the laws in regard to women, their personal and 



Property rights, are notunilbrtu throughout the I 



I. l.'i>r .,/ lli,- r,,;t,;l Si,tt,*. Amendment XIV., 

 Section I, of the I'nitcd States Constitution it, 

 that "All persons born or naturalized in the 1 i 



mil subject to the jurisdiction thircof ai 

 MOB of the United State* and of the State in which 



the campaign without much loss, fearing Mgvpt Oct. they reside. No State shall :.iake or enforce any la.. 



14. He again received the thanks of Parliament, was which shall ahndtrc the privileges or iminun: 



gazetted Karon Wolseley of Cairo and of. Wolseley in citizens of (he Tinted States; nor shall ai 



county StafTonl, and raised to the rank of general. In prive nny person of life, lilierty. or property v 



ls>:; j,e received the degree of P. C. I,, from Oxford, 

 and that of LL P from Cambridge and Puhlin. In 

 he was again sent to Kuvpt as commander in 



chief to direct the expedition for the, relief of Khar- 

 toum and (ieri. (lonlon. This was a task greater than 

 had previously been laid upon him, and perhaps 

 beyond human skill ; at any rate his previous successes 

 DOt now repeated. Ixiaving Kngiand AUL'. :',(> lie 

 went up the Nile, and by Dec. :;i had a larre force at 

 Korti. Sir II. Stewart was sent across the desert to 

 Metemuch, winch ho found too strong to be attacked. 

 Sir Charles Wilson went up the Nile by steamer, but 

 learned oi'the fall ot'Khtirtoum and the death of (tor- 

 doll. .Ian. L ter ehaiiired th<- 



<if u flairs. Lord Wolseley. feeling that Khartoum 

 fhould be retaken, but unwillin d his limits 



of le.-ponsibilily, sent to Mngland for instructions, and 

 rccei\. i retire upon Korti. (ien. Marie had 



liicantime advanced up tlic Nile, but was killed, and 



uue process of law; nor deny to any person within 



its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." 



Amendment XV. declares that "The riiihl of. 



of the I'nited States to vote shall not be <!( i 



abridged by the 1'nitcd States or any Slate on :, 



if race, color, or previous condition of s( rvilude." 



and Section 2 of Amendment IV. provides that "The 



citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges 

 and immunities of citizens in the several States.'' 



I'nder ihese provisions of the I 'niied .- 

 stitution no Slate can. by its legislation or by cons-til u- 

 lional amendment, deprive women nsidcnt within its 

 borders, either native born or naturalized by the nat- 

 uralization laws of the 1'nited States, of c'tizensl.ip 

 of the I'nited States and of the individual State in 

 which they reside nor of the "essentials" <! 

 citizenship. 



Hut what are the essentials and rights of citizcn>hi 

 has been the subject of judicial coy.st ruction in IK 



,m 



ill 



Col. liraeki nbury withdrew his troops. 1'y the end the Federal and Slate courts, and notwithstanding the 

 of May (he ]>ritisli forces had retired to the frontier of K '"-Mi it ion of the " right to vole " as a right 



I'pper Egypt. This somewhat inglorious campaign of the 1'nited Statis citizens, iriven in AUK i 



XV. of the national Constitution, it hr.s Imn held 

 (hat although all I'nilcd Stall's citizi us arc capal !e of 

 becoming voters, the ri.L'ht to vote is not a right, im- 

 munity or essential of citizenship, and (hat (he S 

 n!ale ils eXerciM as to d< Icnniiie 



appeared to dcinon.-tr.tt'' the inability of I'.uropcan 

 armies to cope with a large and Organised force of 

 A nibs on (heir native sands of the remote Soudan. 

 The Mahdi has never thrown, and (iordon is 



Ktill unavenged. The commander, tliondi much eriti- 

 i-iseii. was sustained by the government and by general cla.-s of inhabitants may vote, and may deny tl. 



opinion. Betmning homo he was a third time thanked on account of sex and upon all grou' 

 by Parliament, and made K. P. and Viscount W..1-- 

 of Wolsclc v, county Stafford. 



lie is still adjutant -general to lh" forces, and rcprc- 



color, or previous condition of servitude, an anomalous 

 I'onst ruction of the fundamental law of a government 

 who-e depends upon the <x, icise of the 



pents the modern school of the British army, liis elective franchise by ils citizens. 



many accomplishments and honors afford a natural A similar eonsiruelion has been pn ( n as to (he civil 



mark for detraction ; he has IM-CPI sneered at as a skill d rights apparently guaranteed to ail iliizins of the 



ter of despatches, a courtier, politician, and ear 

 pet klligllt. To Mich us I he f-iets of his life 



arc a sufficient ansvver. He has published .1 \-n-i-'i 

 tn-r l( f ll,f \\,, r ill I'liiiKi in 1- I); S,:!<liir's 



/'./../ /I,,,,/,- fur /'/-/./ .S'/rr/cr(|sC,o|. which li i 

 called "invaluable" and has reached a fourth edition 



I'nited States by tli. se constitutional ] ' hence 



in general terms it may be staled tluit the pi.lilieal and 

 civil rights of women i-i/i:nix nf I/if {'iiilirl Slut,.* are 

 deiermini'd not by the Conslitulioii and law of the 



1'nited States, but by tin nstitution and law of the 



State in which they reside, and are indices of the pro- 



: Syftrvn of Field Mmccuvn*, in /.\-.<;i/. fnr I/if irressive intelligence of the States. The snb : < 



H'r///;. /'/'</,/ neket-Bonk )'* tlf naturalization being exclusively within the jurisdiction 



Aii.ri/iiiri/ furl-fit (|S7.".I ; and various contributions to of the ircncra! government, the naturalization laws 



periodicals, amoinr them Fruiter <;. n Mi/itun/ I'mrfr are national ami provide for the naturalization of 



i,i l*.7nm/ 1S7* in the \iiifirmlli I ', nlnrti \\,r .Jan- women aliens, cither upon direct application or as 

 nary. IS7*. His Life, was written by Charles Rath- 1 wives and children of naturalized citizens: also as 



l>otii- |,,w i children of native IM.III eitiz.cn* resident abroad, that 



WO.MKN, L\w I'Kl. \TINC TO. In the United is. outside of the jurisdiction of the I'liitcd State s. at 



iWV XXIV ^'' lll ' s 'he national government, IH-IIIL' the time of their birth. 



-^ a government of ceded powers, has As citizens of the Tinted Stales women mar ba 



I II, \J t ^ 11*1-1 !)! 1 ' 



^ m j no power by legislation lo determine commissioned by the general government :i* posi-mis- 



thc status of the citizens of the sev- tresses, I". S. marshals, captains of steamboals. sur- 



eral States or of its own citizens resident within the geons in the army, nurses and matron* in governmental 



