AGRICULTURE. 



It may be sown with grain with less im- 

 propriety than perhaps any other grass, 

 and particularly with flax. \Vheii a land, 

 left unploughed, spontaneously produces 

 this plant, the soil may decidedly be pro- 

 nounced good. 



Those who lay down land permanently 

 to grass may In-st depend on white, or 

 Dutch, clover, for all rich and dry loams 

 and sands, and for rich clays that have 

 hei-n properly drained. 



I,';, c grass \\-ill flourish on anv land but 

 stiff clays. It is well adapted for perma- 

 nent pasture, and, if properly managed, is 

 one of the best spring grasses. There 

 are few so early, or more palatable and 

 utritive to cattle. It is less subject to 

 injury in critical hay seasons than any 

 other, and the seeds of none are collected 

 with greater facility. It should be cut 

 for hay some time previously to its being 

 ripe, as the stalks will otherwise he con- 

 \ert<:d into a species of straw, audks nu- 

 tritive qualities be proportionably weak- 

 ened. 



Sainfoin is preferred by many agricul- 

 to clover, as less likely to injure 

 cattle when they eat it green, producing 

 larger crops, making betterha\ , and con- 

 tinuing four times longer in the ground. 

 It is several years in arriving at its full 

 strength. The quantity of milk yielded 

 fiv means of it from cows is nearly double 

 of what is produced by any other green 

 food, and the quality also of the milk is 

 proportionally better. It is much culti- 

 vated on chalky soils, and succeeds best 

 where its roots run deep. Cold and wet 

 Hay is extremely ill adapted for it, and 

 the dry ness of land is of more conse- 

 quence to its growth than even the rich- 

 ness of it. It is best cultivated by the 

 drill husbandry, after repeated ploughing, 

 harrowing, and rolling; and while care is 

 taken not to leave the seeds uncovered, 

 they must also not be buried deeper than 

 about an inch. They should be sowed in 

 the latter end of March. An acre of ver> 

 ordinary land will maintain four cows for 

 tight months, and afford the greatest part 

 of their food in hay for the rest of the 

 year. 



Lucerne remains at least above twelve 

 years producing very large crops, and 

 yielding the most excellent hay, to the 

 amount of about seven tons per acre. It 

 has obtained the highest praises from all 

 agricultural u riters. With a view to its 

 -till cultivation, the soil must be 

 kept open and free from weeds, which is 

 most effectually done by horse-hoeing. It 

 is transplanted with extreme Advantage. 



VOL. I 



if the tap root be cut off, by which it v 

 fitted for a sliallow soil, and its roots 

 shoot out laterally and near the surface. 

 The culture of this plant is a principal dis- 

 tinction of French husbandry, and is in 

 that country a source of almost uniform 

 profit. The best preparation for it is a 

 turnip or cabbage crop. No manure 

 should be allowed afterthe sowing till tin- 

 crop is two years old. Its improving ef- 

 fect upon the soil is particularly i. . 



Burnet is a grass peculiarly adapted to 

 poor land, and is so hardy as to flourish 

 when all other vegetation fails. Its cul- 

 tivation is not hazardous or expensive. 

 It is best sown in the beginning of July. 

 It affords rich pleasant milk, and in great 

 plenty. For moist loams and clays there 

 cannot be a better grass than the meadow 

 fox-tail, which is not only early, but re- 

 mains for nine or ten years, and is little 

 injured by frost. 



To these remarks oti a few of the grass- 

 es it may be added, that, in connection 

 with soils, the principal grass plants have 

 been thus arranged by one of the most 

 distinguished agriculturists of the day. 



Chulk. feat. 



Yarrow White clover 



Hut-net Dog's tail 



Trefoil Cock's-foot 



White clover Rib 

 Sainfoin York white 



Rye 



Fox-tail 



Fescue 



Timothy. 



Instruments and Operations of Smbandry. 



Tin- instruments used in husbandry arc 

 so numerous, and, under the same deno- 

 mination, ot> ently constructed, 

 with a view to varieties of the same ope- 

 ration, that it would be impossible, in a 

 sketch like the present, to detail their 

 structure and application. In the process 

 for which they are respectively intend- 

 ry agriculturist < . avail 



H 



