ECU 



ECU 



whatever. This confiding naturalist ex- 

 hmisclf as perfectly convinced 

 I hat all fishes possess a similar power, 

 :i!u! stales, as a notorious example, the de- 

 tention of I'eriamler's ship by a poreel- I 

 lane, near the Cape of Gnidos. Quitting, 

 r, the fables of antiquity, it may 

 rved, thai tin- fms of the remora 

 icularly weak, and thus prevent 

 its swimming 1 to any considerable dis- 

 'iii which account it attaches itself 

 to various bodies, inanimate or living, he- 

 ing found not only fastened to ships, but 

 to whales, sharks, and other fishes; and 

 with such extreme tenacity is this hold 

 maintained, that, unless the effort of se- 

 paration he applied in a particular direc- 

 tion, it is impossible to effect the disunion 

 without the destruction of the fish itself. 

 As the remora is extremely voracious, 

 and far from fastidious in its food, it may 

 attach itself to vessels and large fishes, 

 with a view to secure that ample H 

 ence, which must arise to it from the su- 

 perfluity with which it is in such circum- 

 ihnost inevitably furnished. This 

 fish will often adhere to rocks, and par- 

 ticularly in boisterous and tempestuous 

 weather. The apparatus for accomplish- 

 ing this adhesion consists of an oval area 

 on the top of the head, traversed by nu- 

 merous dissepiments, each of which is 

 fringed at the edge by a row of very nu- 

 merous perpendicular teeth, or filaments, 

 while the whole oval space is strengthen- 

 ed by a longitudinal septum. It is re- 

 ported by some authors, that, in the Mo- 

 zambique channel, a species of remora is 

 employed by the natives of the coast in 

 their pursuit of turtles with great success. 

 A ring is fixed near the tail of the remo- 

 ra with a long cord attached to it, and 

 when the boat has arrived as nearly as it 

 well can to the turtle bleeping on the 

 surfnc ..ter, the remora is dis- 



, and immediately proci - 

 wards the turtle, which it fastens on so 

 firmly, that both arc. drawn into the boat 

 with extreme facility. For a representa- 

 tion of the Mediterranean remora, see 

 1'isri.s, I'lat.- IV. 



ECHIXOPMORA, in botany, a genus 

 of the IViitaiidiia l)i;;\nia class and or- 

 der. Natural order of I'mbellatx. Esseii- 

 tial character: lateral flowers male , cen- 

 tral hermaphrodite ; seed one, immersed 

 in an involuccl. There are two species, 

 -/:. K. sp'mosa, prickly sea-parsnip, and 

 E. tennifolia, fiiu \ ; ;arsmp. Na- 



tives of the sea coast of Europe and 

 Api; 



KCIIIN'OPS, in botany, globe thistle, * 



genus of the Syngenesia Polrpramia - 

 gregata class and order. Is" iiural or !er of 

 Compositz Capitals. Ciuarocephalar, Jus- 

 sieu. Essential character: calyx one-flow- 

 ered ; corolla tubular, hermaphrodite ; 

 receptacle bristly ; down obscure. There 

 are five speck:.--. These are herbaceous 

 plains, some of them large and lofty; 

 leaves alternate, thorny and pinnatified ; 

 the heads of flowers a;v u<M:iil\ -..iliiiii 



in and branches. 



ECFIIVH:-, v !!i S.inna I d history, 

 a genus of llu: \erim-s Inlestina; b 

 round ; proboscis cylindrical retractile, 

 and crowned with hooked prickles. 

 These animals are found fixed very 

 firmly to the viscera of various animals, 

 generally the intestines, and often re- 

 main on the same spot during the whole 

 life of the animal; they are mostly gre- 

 garious, and are easily distinguished from 

 the tienia by their round inarticulate 

 body. They are divided into sections : 

 A. infesting mammalia ; of this E. gigas 

 is found in the intestines of swine, espe- 

 cially those that have been fed in styes : 

 it is gregarious, and from 12 to 18 inches 

 long. II. infesting birds. C. infesting rep- 

 tiles. D. infesting fisb. There are about 

 50 species. 



ECHINI'S, eea urchin, in natural his- 

 tory, a genus of the Vermes Mollii- 

 body roundish, covered with a bony 

 sutured crust, and generally furnished 

 with moveable spines; mouth placed be- 

 neath, and mostly five-valved. These 

 are divided into sections, chiefly distin- 

 guished by the situation of the vent. A. 

 has the vent vertical; tentacnla every 

 where simple. B. vent placed beneath ; 

 mouth without tentacula. C. vent lateral 

 mouth with pencilled lenlacuh. Each r/f 

 these sections is subdivided. There 

 are more than 100 species, besides varie- 

 tiis. They are all inhabitants of the - 

 and many of them have been found in a. 

 fossil state; many are esculent, and they 

 arc in general armed with five^lWTp' teeth; 

 the pores are each furnished with a re- 

 tractile tentaculum, by which the animal 

 affixes itself to any object and stops 

 motion ; the spines are connected to the 

 outer skin by very strong ligaments, and 

 are the instruments of motion. 



ECHINI'S, in Architecture, a moulding 

 carved and enriched with the egg and 

 dart. See OVOLO. 



ECHITE8, in botany, a genus of the 

 TYntandria M':nogynia class and order. 

 Natural order of Contorts. Apocinex, 

 Jussieu. Essential character: contorted; 

 follicles two, long and straight ; sc 



