118 



ORDER LXDC. EBENACKfi. ORDER LXXVIII. SCROPHULAMACE.E. 



parted, sometimes with distinct petals. Stamens as many as the 

 MgmenU of the corolla, alternate with them, inserted on its 

 base. Antlien opening longitudinally. Ovary 2-cellcd, with 1 

 ovule in each cell. Stigmas Z 6. Fruit drupaceous, with 26 



A immll order of trees and shrubs distinguished by the bitter and tonic pro- 

 perties of the bark and foliage. Ilex (ffollf), the leave, of one species of which 

 an UM famous Hale or Tea of 1'aragnay, and Prince the Black Alder, ara 



ORDER LXIX. Ebenacero. 



Tree*, or throbs. Leave* alternate, simple, often entire, 

 without stipules. Flowers axillary, polygamous. Calyx free 

 from the ovary; limb 8 6-clcft, with equal, persistent segments. 

 Corolla 8 6-cleft, often pubescent. Stamens 2 or 4 times as 

 many as the lobes of the corolla. Ovary with 3 or more cells. 

 Stigmas as many as the cells. Fruit a fleshy berry, with bony 



!!-. 



Dloenyro*, the Persimmon, several exotic species of which furnish the differ- 

 ent kinds of Ebony, Is oar only representative of this small and chiefly tropical 



. : IBS 



ORDER LXX. Styracacero. 



Shrubs, or trees. Leaves alternate, simple, ex-stipulate. 

 Flowers perfect, bracteate, solitary, axillary, or in axillary ra- 

 cemes. Calyx 6, rare'.y 4-lobed, adherent cither to the base of 

 the ovary, or to the whole of it Corolla 4 6, usually 6-Iobed. 

 Stamens definite, or indefinite, unequal in length, more or less 

 united. Ovary 2 5-celleJ, the cells opposite the calyx-lobes. 

 Fruit drupaceous, usually with only 1 fertile cell. Seeds 1 5. 



A small order chiefly tropical. Storax and Benzoin, two gum-reslna of some 

 value In medicine, are products of two exotic species of Btynuc. Halesla, or 

 the Snow-drop tree, native of the South, IB quite common In cultivation at the 

 North. 



GBOUP IV. 

 ORDER LXXI. Primulacete. 



Herbs. Leaves opposite, verticillate, or alternate, or all radi- 

 cal. Stipules none. Calyx 4 5-cleft, usually persistent, nearly 

 or quite free from the ovary. Corolla regular, 4 6-cleft. Sta- 

 mens as many as the lobes of the corolla, and inserted opposite 

 them. Ovary 1 -celled, with a free, central placenta. Style 1. 

 Stigma 1. Capsule many-seeded ; the placenta attached only to 

 the base of the cell, as in the Primrose, fig. 8, Plate XXVL 



An order containing many beautiful plants, bnt otherwise of little Import- 

 ance. The Trlcctalls and Lyslmacbla (Lootf-ari/a), are examples. 



ORDER LXXII. Plantaginacece. 



Herbs usually acaulesccnt. Leaves usually in a radical tuft, 

 often ribbed. Calyx 4-clcft, free from the ovary, persistent 

 Corolla more or less tubular, 4-cleft, scarious, persistent Stamens 

 4, alternate with the corolla lobes. Filaments long and weak. 

 Anthers versatile. Ovary 2-cellcd. Style 1. Capsule a inem- 

 branaceous pyxis, as in Anagallis, fig. 9, Plate XXVL, the cells 

 1 or several-needed. 



A small and unimportant order found In all countries. The Plantain (Plan- 

 an example. 



ORDER LXXIII. Plumbaginacew. 



Herbs, or somewhat suffrut icose. Leaves simple, alternate, or 

 all radical Flowers often on simple, or branching scapes. Calyx 

 tabular, 6-toothed, plaited, _persistent Corolla hjpOaraUrffcnn, 

 with the 6 stamens insert <-d opposite its lobes, or consisting of 6 

 :il.x, with the stamens attached to their 

 claw*. Stylet 5. distinct, or united nearly to the top. Ovary 1- 



celled, free from the calyx. Fruit a 1-seeded utricle; or else 

 opening by 5 valves. 



A small order, natives usually of salt manbea The roots of mauy of them 

 ara exceedingly astringent, as In btatlce Carullulana (Vilnt ffrnmnn), our 

 only representative. 



GROUP V. 

 ORDER LXXIV. Lentibulaceae. 



Herbs, growing in the water or mud. Leaves radical ; when 

 floating in the water much dissected, and furnished with air- 

 bladders; when growing on land, entire and llesliy. Flowers 

 *howy, very irregular. Calyx of 2 6 sepals, distinct, or par- 

 tially united. Corolla bilabiate, personate, tube very short, 

 spurred. Stamens 2, inserted on the upper lip. Anthers l-celled. 

 Ovary free from the calyx, l-celled. Style 1. Fruit a many- 

 seeded capsule. 



A small and unimportant order of aquatic or mud plants, distinguished by 

 their showy flowers. Utiicularla (Bkiailcr-irorl), Is an example. 



ORDER LXXV. Orobanchacese. 



Herbs, destitute of proper leaves, and parasitic on the root* 

 of other plants. Stem furnished with scales instead of leaves. 

 Calyx persistent, 4 5-parted, or bilabiate free from the ovary. 

 Corolla bilabiate or irregular, 4 5-lobed, withering or per 

 Stamens 4, didynamous. Ovary l-celled, with 2 parietal pla. < n- 

 t:i'. Style 1. Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule inclosed in the persistent 

 corolla, seeds many, minute. 



A small order of parasitic plants, possessing bitter and astringent qualities. 

 Eplphegus (Btfch-Jrope), is an example. 



ORDER LXXVI. Bignoniaceax 



Trees, or shrubby, climbing, or twining plants. Flowers 

 usually large and showy. Leaves opposite, rarely alternate, 

 simple, or pinnately parted. Calyx 6-cleft, or2-'U-ft. or bilabiate, 

 sometimes spathaceous. Corolla broad at the throat, with a bila- 

 biate or irregularly 6-lobed limb. Stamens 5, 1 or S sterile, vh.-u 

 4, often didynamous. Ovary 2-cclled, free from the calyx, sur- 

 rounded by a fleshy disk at base. Style 1. Fruit a woody or 

 coriaceous 2-valvcd, many-seeded pod. Seeds winged. 



Teooma ( Trumpttflmctr), and Catalpa, arc examples of this ornamental 

 and chiefly tropical order, to which Is attached the following 



SOB ORDER. SESAME.E. Herbs, with opposite or alu-rnat.- 

 leaves, and large axillary flowers, differing from the order proj>.>i-, 

 chiefly in the fruit, which is drupaceous, or capsular, often t i | >| >< . I 

 with 2 or 4 horns, frequently with 4 8 spurious cells, formed by 

 the divergent lobes of the placenta becoming variously attached 

 to the sides of the pericarp. Seeds few, wingless. 



Marty nta(Z7n>rn-7>Jun<), and Sesamom, are examples. 



ORDER LXXVII. Acanthacere. 



Herbs, or shrubs. Leaves opposite, entire, cxslipulate. 

 Flowers with several bracts, often showy. Sepals 6, more or less 

 united, persistent Corolla bilabiate, or nearly regular, with 6 

 Bubequal lobes, convolute in prcfloration. Stamens 4, didyna- 

 mous, sometimes only 2 perfect, the other 2 being sterile, or want 

 ing. Ovary 2-cclled, free from the calyx. Style 1. Fruit a 2- 

 valved capsule, with 2 or more seeds in a cell Seeds roundish, 

 supported by hooked processes of the placenta. 



A lam tropical order, often ornamental, bnt potscattnc no very remarkable 

 plants. DUntherm and DipteracanthnB am examples found In the U. B. 



ORDER LXXVIII. Scrophulariacew. 



1 1. i-l., or sometimes shrubby. Leaves opposite, or alternate 

 -met inn-* vcrtK'illatc or radical Sepals 4 & persistent, ii>n <.i 

 less united. Corolla bilabiate, |>ersonato, m-nrly regu- 



lar, with 4 6 more or Jean unequal segments) the lobes iiu!>i i- 



