122 



QBDBB Kr. .M-MINMI.'. -1:1-11: \< vi. HYOTA.GIN \< i r. 



GROUP IX. 

 ORDER XC. Jasminacese. 



Shrub*, often with twining sterna. Leaves opposite or alter- 

 nate, often compound. Flowers corymbose, white or yellow, 

 usually fragrant Calyx 6 10-clcft, persistent Corolla regular, 

 h\ |>iTaterifonn; limb with S 10 divisions, imbricate, and 

 twisted in prefloration. Stamens 2, inserted on the corolla, and 

 inclosed within its tube. Ovary free, 2-celled, each cell with 1 

 ovule. Style 1. Stigma 2-lobed. Fruit a double berry, or a 

 capsule separating into 2 portions. Seeds 2. 



A until order ehtoflr of tropical or Indian shrubs. Jumlnum (the JtMO- 

 mint), la Terr commonly cultivated. 



ORDER XCI. Oleaceaj 



Trees, or shrubs. Leaves opposite, simple or pinnate. Flowers 

 ]>erfect, or polygamous. Sepals united at base, persistent, some- 

 times none. Petals 4, united below, someiiims dUtinct, valvate 

 in prefloration, sometimes none. Stamens 2. Anthers 2-cellcd. 

 Ovary free, 2-celled. Ovules pendulous. Style 1. Stigma 1, or 

 bifid. Fruit drupaceous, baccate, or a samara, usually 1-cellcd, 

 1 2-seeded, by abortion. 



A small order containing many ornamental plants as Syrlnpa (I.ilac) and 

 Chionanthu(A'r<n9-(r<V The European Olive yields Ollve-oll. Manna ex- 

 udes from the trunk of a European species of Ash. 



SECTION m. AFETAL.K 



Plants with only a single series of floral envelopes (calyx), or 

 with none. 



Apetalous plants not included under ApctaltB. 



Order L Kanuneulacca*. Herbs. Flowers ]>crfect Ovaries 

 several, or many, 1-celled, rarely single in plants with decom- 

 pound leaves. 



Order XX. Caryopliyllacea!. Herbs, not aquatic. Leaves 

 opposite or verticillate. Flowers perfect Stamens 3 or 10. 



Order X X X I \ '. Zanthoxylacess. Prickly shrubs. 



Order XXX VI. Aueracea:. Trees with palmatcly - lobed 

 loaves. Flowers in umbels or loose paniculate clusters. 

 C, usually colored. 



Order XLV. Rosacete. Herbs with pinnate stipulate leaves. 

 Flowers in spikes or heads. 



Order XLIX. Onagraccic. Aquatic, or mud plants, with 

 alternate or verticillate leaves. Flowers axillary, solitary, ses- 

 sile. Stamens 8, 4, 3, or 1. 



.wulaceir. Herbs. Calyx (-parted. Ovaries 

 of 6 partly-united carpels. 



Order" L VI. Saxifragacea\ Herbs. Leaves opposite. Flow- 

 ers perfect. Stamens 8, rarely 1<>. 



Order I. XIV. ComposiUe. Herbs. Monoecious. Stamina! e 

 flower* consisting of several 6-toothed floret*, composed of fi sta- 

 mens, partially united by their anthers. 



Order XCL Oleaccjp. Trees with pinnate leave*. Stamens 

 2. Fruit a samara. 



Apetalce proper. 



Gaocr 1. Herb*, or shrubby climbers. Flowers perfect 

 Calyx present Stamens 8, in, or 12. Ovaries several-celled. 

 Orders XCIL and XCI 1 1. 



GBOOT 2. Herbs. Leaves simple, never opposite in climbing 

 specie*. Flowers perfect, and the styles or stigmas 1, or more; 

 or else diclinous, and the styles or stigmas 2 or more. Ovary 1- 

 celled. 1-ovnled, free from the calyx. Orders XCIV. XCVIL 

 inclusive. 



Gaoi-r 8. Trees, or shrubs ; rarely herbs with a 5-parted ad- 

 herent calyx Flowers never in amenta or globular balls. Sta- 

 mens 89. Style* or stigma* 12. Order* XCVIII. CUt. 

 Incln 



GEOCP 4. Aquatic, or marsh herb*. Flowers perfect o t 

 polygamous, witli a several-celled ovary; or else monoecious, 

 with a 1-celled ovary, and the stamens 12 or more. Orders 

 CIV. CV1I. inclusive. 



GBOUP 0. Herbs, or evergreen shrubs. Ovarysevcral- 

 becoming in fruit a capsule or drupe. Orders CV1IL and 



GBOUP 6. Trees, or shrubs. Flowers monoecious, or dioeci- 

 ous. Staminate flowers, and frequently the pistillate ' 

 also, in dry oblong or cylindrical amenta. Orders CX. CM V. 

 inclusive. 



GBOTJP 7. Trees with palmately-lobed loaves Flowers in 

 dry globular aments. Orders CXV.'and CX VI. 



GROUP 8. Trees, IT -limbs, usually with a milky or 

 juice; or else hcrlw with a watery juice. Order ('X VII. 



GROUP I. 

 ORDER XCII. Aristolochiacese. 



Herbs, or shrubby plants; in the latter case often climbing. 

 Leaves alternate or radical. Flowers perfect, solitary, of a drill 

 brown or greenish color. Calyx-tube more or less adherent to 

 the ovary; limb 8-eleft. Stamens (, or U, epigynons, or adher- 

 ent to the base of the short and thick style. Ovary 3 or 6-cclled. 

 Stigmas radiate, as many as the cells of the ovary. Fruit n 

 many-seeded capsule or berry. 



A small order of chiefly tropical plants distinguished by their stimulant and 

 tonic properties. Alarum ( MVW liinger), and Aristolocula ( Virginia .fnnlic- 

 root), are examples. 



ORDER XCIII. Phytolaccaceae. 



Herbs, rarely shrubby. Leaves alternate, without stipules. 

 Flowers perfect, in racemes. Sepals 4 5, petaloid. Stamens 

 4 5 and alternate with the sepals; or else 10 or more. Ovary 

 1 or several-celled. Styles ana stigmas as many as the cells. 

 Fruit dry or baccate, eu'n-isl ing of 1, or several 1-secded carpels. 



A small, chiefly tropical order, represented here by a single sp*cieo of Phy- 

 tolacca (I'oktwtfd). 



GROUP H. 

 ORDER XCIV. Ckenopodiacero. 



Herb*, rarely shrubby. Leaves alternate, often more or less 

 succulent or fleshy. Sometimes none. Flowers greenish, ineon- 

 Hpienous, usually perfect, sometimes dioecious or polygamous. 

 Calyx sometimes tubular at bos-, persistent Stamens as many 

 as tie calyx-segments, or fewer, inserted at their base. Ovary 

 free, 1-cclled, 1-ovuled. Styles 2 I, rarely 1. Fruit a utricle. 



An order of weedy, unimportant, often maritime plants. Chenopndlnm 

 (Oooat/bol, PlgvHtd), Beta (Bttt), and Ballcornla (SampMrt), are dumpies. 



ORDER XCV. Amaranthacese. 



Herbs, or shrubs Leaves alternate, without stipules. Flow- 

 ers in beads or spikes, or dense clusters, furnished with dry and 

 scarious, usually colored bracts. Calyx consisting of 8 

 and scarious, persistent sepals. Stamens 8 5, or more, hvpogy- 

 nous, distinct or mnnudflpiiou*. Ovary free, l-ee]led. \vi:l 

 more ovule*. Fruit n utri.-lr rnrcly a many-seeded capsule. 



An ..r.lcT of plants containing a few specie* whose brightly-colored and Im- 

 pvrMinnlc flowers are ornami-ntal. l>ut tlin gmrtar portion are mere weeds. 

 Amarnnthus (, '' Am-ininW), and Oeloala (Ooelnw 



examples. 



ORDER XCVI. Nyctaginacere. 



1 1 et In, or shrubs. Leaves opposite, one of each pnir i-tiinller 

 ed, infnndilmliform, often \\iih '1 



, 

 than the other. Calyx colore 



an e oer. ax cooe, nno, e 

 bracts resembling a calyx at base, at length separating from 

 lower purt. whieh hard'en* and ineloM the nelipiiinm. Sta 



Stamens 



