136 



ORDER VIII. NYMFHCEACEjE VATKII-I.II.I -1 AM1I.Y. OKIII MAKIACfcfi FCMTTORV-TRIBK. 



; flowers just riling abovs the water, doll purple, fin dlame- 

 of muilJy ponds and deep stagnant waters. 



ORDER VHL Nymphoeuceoe. Water-Li I ;i- 

 f am Hi/. 



1. NYMPHCfiA. 



Sepals 4-78. Petals and etamens indefinite in number, in- 

 sensibly passing into each other. Stigma surrounded by rays. 

 Pericarp many-celled, many-seeded. Per. 



1. N. odordta. White Pond-lily. 



Leaves orbicular, cordate at base, entire, smooth, with prominent veins be- 

 neath, dark green (bore, paler beneath, always flatting on the surface ; petioles 

 semi-cylindrical, very long In deep water; sepsis 4, equalling the petals, which 

 are lanceolate, white, often tinged with purple ; filaments yellow. This truly 

 beautiful flower, which claims superiority over all our water plants, for com- 

 bined elegance and fragrance. Is common in deep ponds, and slow-moving 

 rivers, where Its thick, fleshy, creeping rblzomas are protected from the winter 

 cold. July. 



J. NtPIIAR. 



Sepals 6 6, somewhat petaloid. Petals numerous, inserted 

 with the sepals, much smaller, nectariferous on the back. Sta- 

 mens linear, truncate, inserted with the petals. Stigma sur- 

 rounded with rays. Per. 



1. N. dd vena. Yellow Pond-lily. 



Leaves oval, smooth, entire, cordate at base, with an open sinus, on long, 

 semi-terete, spongy petioles ; flowers large, dull yullow ; sepals 8, 8 onter yel- 

 low Inside, 8 Inner entirely yellow ; petals many ; stigma 12 15-rayed, with a 

 crenato margin. A rather handsome plant, growing in muddy ponds, and stag- 

 nant waters. The leaves are slimy beneath, and Ho flat on the surface, when 

 the water Is deep, bat are larger and erect where It is shallow. June July. 



OEDEK IX. 



Sarraceniaceac. Pitcher-plant- 

 family. 



1. BAEEACENIA. 



Sepals 5, with an involucre of 3 bracts at base. Petals 6, de- 

 ciduous. Stigma ycry large, peltate, 6-angled, persistent Cap- 

 sale 6-celled, 5-valved, many-seeded. Per. 



1. S. purprirea. Pitclier Plant, Side- saddle flower. 



Leaves radical, decumbent, with tabular, Inflated, gibbons petioles, which 

 are winged on the Inside, (. e. pitcher-form, ending In a broadly cordate, erect 

 lamina, which Is hairy on the Inside, and makes the mouth of the pitcher. This 

 process, though small compared with the tubular portion, Is yet the real leaf ol 

 the plant Bcapes IS' SO' high, with a single, large, nodding, dark-purple 

 Bower; petals Inflected over the stigma. This plant, which is one of the most 

 remarkable of our native spedes, Is not uncommon In wet meadows, where Its 

 curious flowers, and still more curious leaves, attract the attention at once of 

 even the common observer. The pitchers are almost filled with water, contain 

 Ing drowned insects. Juiu. 



ORDER X. Papaveraceae. Poppy-family. 



SYNOPSIS OP THE GENERA. 



* Acaxulonccnl. 



1. BAXOinjiiaiA. Petals 9 12. Capsule oblong, pod-like, 



Camlercemt. Petals 4. 



8. CuuDoxrrx. Flowers yellow. Capsule linear, Plant with a yollo 



S. Parivsa. Capsule somewhat obovate, opening by pores beneath U flat 

 . 



4. Kurti/jt.vrn. Calyx mltriform. Flowers yellow. Plants with a color- 

 less juloe. 



1. BANGUINARIA. 

 Sepals 2, caducous. Petals 8 12. Stamens numerous. 

 Stigma 1 2-lobed, sessile. Capsule oblong, pod-like, 1 -celled 

 2-valvcd, many-seeded. Per. 



1. 8. Canadensis. ttloodroot. 



Acquiescent ; rhbomaa creeping, fleshy, tuberous, of a red color, and from 

 these, as from all other parts of the plant, a red juloa exudes, on their being 

 broken. Leaves renlform, 8 7-lobod, smooth, climate, appearing with the 

 flowers, and becoming much larger In the coarse of the limnn, somewhat glau- 

 coas. Scapes 8' ' high, 1-flowered ; flower about f In diameter, white, ino- 

 dorous, and of brief duration. An elegant and Interesting plant of spring, found 

 moist woods, and along brook-sides. 



2. CUELID&S'ICM. 



Sepals 2. Petals 4. Stamens numerous. Stigma sessile, biti.L 

 Capsule pod-like, linear, 2-valved. Per. 



1. C. majus. Celandi. 



Stem erect, branching, very smooth; leaves pinnate, 5 T-follate; leaflets 

 ovate, obtusely lobed and Incised, smooth, glaucous; terminal leaflet wedge- 

 obovato, pale green ; flowers yellow, very fugacious In few-flowered, axillary, 

 pedunculate umbels; sepals orbicular; petals elliptical. A branclii 

 ;reen weed, common along fences and walls. Every part of the plant Is full of 

 a yellow juice, which Is sometimes used to destroy warts. May Aug. 



8. PAPAVEE. 



Sepals 2, caducous. Petals 4. Stamens niimer 

 none. Capsule more or less obovate, opening !>;. i'T the 



broad persistent stigmas. An. 



1. P. somnifemui. Opium Poppy. 



Caulescent, plant very smooth and glaucous; leaves clasping. Incised at. 

 dentate ; flowers white, or purple, often double In cultivation ; sepals smooth 

 capsule globose, glaucous ; 12 feet high, with glaucous foliage and brilliant 

 flowers about 8' in diameter. Every part of the plant but especially the cap- 

 sule, yields a white juice, which, hardened In the sun, forms the drug known 

 as Opium. Cultivated, rarely naturalized. June July. 



2. P. rhsbas. Common Poppy. 



Stem branching, many-flowered, hairy ; leaves plnnaUfld, incised ; flowers 

 large, showy. 2' 8' in diameter, of a deep brilliant scarlet, sometimes red or 

 variegated; capsules smooth, nearly globose. A fine spedes. Cultivated. 



JunfJuly. 



4. ESCIISC1I6LTZIA. 



Sepals 2, cohering by their edges into a mitriform calyx, 

 caducous. Petals 4. Stamens numerous, adhering to the claws 

 of the petals. Stigmas commonly 4, sessile, 2 > < rally 



abortive. Capsule pod-shaped, cylindrical, 10-ribl 

 seeded. An. 



1. E. Douglassii. Eschschollziu. 



Stem erect, branching, leafy, smooth ; leaves twice and thrice plnnstifld, 

 smooth, glaucous; flowers large, brilliant, 2' In diameter; torus obconlc; calyx 

 ovoid, with short, abrupt acumlnatlon ; petals bright yellow, with uran 

 at base. An elegant annual from California, but common in cultivation 

 Ungnlshed by its delicate foliage and showy flowers, 



ORDER XL Fumariacese. Fumitory-tribe. 



SYNOPSIS OF THE GENERA. 



* \i-mi li-si-riil. 



1. DicimtA. Petals 4, distinct, 2 onter sparred at base. 



<a H li s ( i-ii I . 



8. ADLi'MiA. Petals 4, united Into a spongy monopetalous corolla. Plant 



climbing by petioles. 



8. COEYDALIS. Petals 4, 1 only spurred at base. Capsule pod-shaped. 

 Plant not climbing. 



4. FtiMAaiA. 1'etalt 4, 1 only spurred at base. Capsule a 1 -seeded, globose 

 nut Plant not climbing. 



1. DICfcNTEA. 



Sepals 2, miiinto. Petals 4, 2 outer saccate, or spurred at 

 base. Stamens in 2 seta of 3 each. Capsule pod-shaped, 2- 

 valved, many-seeded. Per. 



1. D. cucullArin. Dutdiman's Breeches. 



Acsulescmt ; leaves radical, Ul-tcrnately decompound, very finely dissected, 

 light green, glaucous beneath ; scapes 3' 10" high, smooth, with erect, simple, 



