ORDER Xn. CRUCIFER.E TURNIP-FAMILY. 



137 



racemes ; flowers 410 In number, white or cream-color, tipped with yellow 

 it summit, somewhat recurved, nodding, with divergent spurs, which are 

 straight, and rather acnto ; rhizoma producing little red bulbs under ground. 

 An elegant plant, with delicate foliage and curious flowers, growing In woods. 

 Most common in Northern and Western Sew England and New York. April 

 May. 



2. D. Canadensis. Squirrel-corn. 



Acanlesacnt ; leaves tri-ternotcly decompound, very finely dissected, dark 

 green above, glaucous beneath ; scape 4' S' Inches high, somewhat stonter 

 than the last, 4 S-flowered ; flowers pale purple, very obtuse at summit, with 

 short, rounded spars, oblong, clarate. Tbe creeping rhizoma produces sparing- 

 ly yellow bulblets. A beautiful plant, equally delicate with the last, but dis- 

 tinguished by its darker foliage, purplish flowers, and shorter spurs. Woods, 

 often growing with the last MayJune. 



I ADLtMIA. 



Sepals 2, minute. Petals 4, united into a spongy, persistent, 

 monopetalous corolla, bi-gibbous at base, 4-toothed at apex. 

 Capsule pod-shaped, linear-oblong, many-seeded. Biennial. 



1. A. cirrhosa. Mountain Fringe. 



Stem herbaceous, smooth, climbing by clrrhose petioles; leaves bl-ternately 

 decompound; leaflets rhomboidal, 2 3-lobed, lobes entire; flowers numerous, 

 In axillary, nodding, racemose clusters, on slender pedicels, pale purple. A 

 most beautiful and delicate biennial vine, climbing 815 feet over shrubs and 

 other plants. Native of mountainous districts, but common In cultivation. 

 JuntAuy. 



a CORYDALIS. 



Sepals 2, minute. Petals 4, 1 only spurred at base. Stamens 

 6, in 2 sets. Capsule pod-shaped, 2-valved, many-seeded. 



1. C. glatica. Sea-green Corydalis. 



Stem erect, branching, glaucous, dotted with purple and green spots ; leaves 

 bl-plnnately decompound, glaucous ; ultimate segments wedge-shaped, 3-cleft ; 

 Sowers In erect racemes, large, rose-color and yellow ; bracts linear, shorter 

 than the pedicels. An elegant plant, with delicately beautiful flowers, alter- 

 nately shaded with rose and yellow. Rocky hills. May. Biennial. 



4. PtJMARIA. 



Sepals 2, caducous. Petals 4, unequal, 1 only spurred at 

 base. Fruit a 1-seeded, ovoid, or globose valvelesg nut An. 



1. F. officinalis. 



Common Fumitory. 



Stem erect, or decumbent, branching; loaves bl-ternately dissected ; aid* 

 mate segments linear; flowers small, rose -colored, with crimson tips, In loose 

 racemes. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute ; nut globose, retuse. A pretty little 

 glaucous plant, naturalized about gardens and in cultivated grounds. June 

 Sop. 



OEDER XII. Cruciferae. Turnip-family, 



SYNOPSIS OF THE GENEEA. 



A. Fruit a sillde. 



* Silicle more or le < IIIH rciiin d- at apex. 



1. CAP8KLLA. Silicle triangular, obcordate, compressed ; valves carlnate, 

 8. Lrpinii-M. Silicle nearly orbicular, flat; valves carlnate. 

 T. Inttis. 2 upper petals larger than the 2 lower. Silicle compressed, 

 truncate. 



* * silii-lr not miaririnatc at apex. 



8. COCIU.CARIA. Silicle sessile, ovoid-globose; valves ventricose. Flowers 

 white. 



4. CAVII.IKA. Silicle somewhat obovate. Valves ventricosc. Styles fill 

 form. Flowers yellow. 



a. ALTSSOU. Silicic oval, or roundish-oval Valves flat, or somewhat con- 

 vex at the centre. Flowers white, or yellow. 



6. LCXAUA. Silicle oblong, or lanceolate, pedicellate. Valves flat. Flow- 

 ers jmrplMi. 



19.Olii.p.. Silicle 2-jointed, upper portion ovate-enslform. Plant fleshy. 

 Petals purplish. 



I!. Fruit a slllqn*. 



* Flower* \vliitr, or purple. 



9. ARAB. Sepals erect. Petals with claws. Siliqne linear. Valves 1 

 nerved. Canllne leaves alternate. 



10. OiBDixm Sepals somewhat spreading. Slllquo linear. Valves 

 Yelnlew. Caullne leaves alternate. 



18 



11. DBtTAXiA. Siliqne lanceolate. Valves flat, veinless. Caullne leaves 

 opposite, or in whorls, 



12. HESPEBIS. Silique linear, terete, or 4-sided, and somewhat compressed. 

 Stifmas 2, connlvcnt, but not thickened at ape*. Seeds smooth, 3-angled. 



16. MATnrioLA. Silique terete. Stigmas connivent, thickened at apes. 

 Seeds flattisb. Plants clothed with dense, hoary" pubescence. 



* * Flowers yellow. 



8. BABBAEEA. Silique linear, somewhat 4-sided. Leaves lyrately Pinna- 

 tlfld. 



18. SISYMBBIPM. Petals with claws. Silique 4 6-angled, or nearly round. 

 Style very short. Seeds ovate, convex. Leaves runcinate. 



14. CliEiKANTnus. Silique round, or compressed. Seeds flat, ovate. Leaves 

 nearly entire. 



15. SINAPIS. Sepals erect Silique nearly round. Valves concave, veinless. 

 Seeds sub-globose. 



IT. BBASSICA. Sepals spreading. Silique somewhat compressed. Valves 

 concave, 1-veined. Seeds globose. 



19. RAPHASUB. Siliqne round, valveless, composed of several transversely- 

 united Joints. Seeds sub-globose. 



1. CAPSELLA. 



Silicles triangular-cuneiform, obcordate. Valves wingless. 

 Cells small, many-seeded. Style short An. 



1. C. Biirsa-pastdris. 



Shepherd 1 s-purse. 



Stem erect, furrowed, branching ; radical leaves plnnatlfid, on short, mar- 

 gined petioles, growing In a flat tun, upper ones linear lanceolate, nearly entire, 

 auriculate at base ; flowers very small, white, In long racemes, terminating the 

 stem and branches ; capsules obcordate, emarglnato, pedicellate, on horizontal 

 pedicels, tipped with the short style. A common weed in cultivated grounds, 

 waste places and road-sides, 12 feet high. June Oct. 



2. LEPiDIUM. 



Sepals ovate. Petals ovate. Silicles nearly orbicular, cmar- 

 ginate. Valves carinate, dehiscent Cells 1-seeded. An. 



1. L. Virgfnicum. Wild Peppergrass. 



Stem erect, branching, smooth; leaves linear-lanceolate, dentate, acute, 

 smooth ; flowers minute, white, In racemes, terminating the stem and branches ; 

 sillcle orbicular, emargtnate, not winged. In dry fields and road-sides, about. 1 

 foot high. Leaves of a hot, peppery taste, like that of the garden peppergrass. 

 June Oct. 



2. L. sativum. Peppergrass. 



Stem smooth, branching ; leaves variously divided and cut, smooth ; flow- 

 ers white ; Silicles orbicular, winged A common annual, cultivated in gardens 

 for a salad. Stem 12 feet high. July. 



8. COCHLEARIA. 

 Calyx equal at base, spreading. Petals entire. Silicles ses- 



sile, ovate, globose, or oblong, with ventricose valves, 

 short, or none. Per. 



Styles 



1. C. Armordcia. Horse Radish. 



Stem erect, angular, smooth, branching ; radical leaves oblong, crenate, on 

 long, channelled petioles; canllne ones long, lanceolate, dentate, or Incised, 

 sessile; flowers small, white, In corymbose racemes; silicic elliptical; roots 

 large, fleshy, and very acrid. A well-known garden plant, growing 2 8 feet 

 high. The lower stem leaves are often plnnatlfldly cut A partially natural- 

 ized European plant, cultivated In gardens. June. 



4. CAMELlNA. 



Calyx equal at base. Petals entire. Silicle obovate, or some- 

 what globose, with dehiscent, ventricose valves. Cells many- 

 seeded. Styles filiform, persistent Seeds oblong, without mar- 

 gins. An. 



1. C. sativa. Fahe Flax. 



Stem erect, pubescent, panicnlately branched above ; leaves lanceolate, sa 

 gittatc at base, mostly entire, clasping, pubescent, somewhat scabrous; flowers 

 small, yellow, racemose; slllcles turgid, obovate-pyrlform, tipped with the 

 style. Naturalized in cultivated fields and road-sides, growing 12 feet high. 

 June. 



6. ALYSSDM. 



Calyx equal at base. Petals entire. Some of the stameni 

 toothed. SUicle orbicular, or oval, with the valves flat, or con- 

 vex in tha centre. Per. 



