ORDER XVI. 



I'-FAMILY. OKDEB XTm. 1 1 Y I>KRICACK. ST. JOHN 's-WORT-FAMILY. 



Ha*. A* English spedes cultivated in gardens, and well known by Its exquisite 

 fragrance. A variety bu whit* flowers. April May. 



7. V. bldnda. White Violet. 



Leaves cordate, slightly pubescent, erenate, on short, slightly pubescent 

 petioles; flown* null, white, on scape* longer than the leaves, (lightly 

 fragrant ; rhlzoraa creeping ; petals marked with blue lines, greenish at base, 

 mostly beardless. Meadows ; common. May. 



8. V. lanceolata. Lance-leaved Violet. 



Leaves lanceolate, slightly crenate, erect, on rather long petioles, attenuate 

 at both ends; scapes 4-sided, bracloolate, longer than the loaves ; flowers small, 

 while; petals greenish at bate, marked with bine lines, generally beardless. 

 Often growing with the last In wet meadows. Common. May. 



9. V. rotundifiMia. Bound-leaved Violet. 



Leaves large, orbicular-ovate, cordate at base, nearly smooth, crenate, with 

 a dosed stnos and pubescent petioles; flowers small, pale yellow; stigma re- 

 curred at apex, margined; petals marked at base with brown lines; lateral 

 petals bearded ; sepals obtuse. A small species with small, yellow flowers, 

 sometimes found In old woods, and on densely wooded hlll-sijts. May. 

 Cauiftcmt. 



10. V. Canadensis. Canadian Violet. 



Stem nearly purple ; radical leaves renlform ; caullne ones cordate ; all ser- 

 rate, nearly or quite smooth, with pubescent veins; flowers of medium size, 

 pale blue or white ; stipules ovate-lanceolate, entire ; peduncles shorter than 

 the leaves; petals yellowish at base; npper ones purple outside, paler within, 

 and marked with purple lines; lateral ones bearded. A common violet In 

 mountainous districts, growing In woods, ft 7 13' high. May June. 



11. V. pubfiscens. Large Yellow Violet. 



Stem erect, pubescent ; leaves broad, cordate, often almost triangular In out- 

 line, obtuse, toothed, covered with a soft, thick pubescence; stipules ovate, 

 snbdentate ; flowers rather large, yellow ; lateral petals bearded ; upper ones 

 marked with brown lines ; peduncles pubescent, shorter than the leaves ; sepals 

 oblong-lanceolate; spur very short, snbglbbons. A fine violet with yellow 

 flowers, growing In rich woods, 8" V. Common. It Is very variable, espe- 

 cially In height and pubescence, being often nearly smooth. May June. 



12. V. Muhlenbdrgii. Spreading Violet. 



Stem weak, asmrgent, branching at base; leaves renlform or cordate, cre- 

 nate; npper ones somewhat acuminate, petlolate, with Inclsely dilate stipules; 

 flowers pale bine, medium size, with conspicuous spun ; peduncles axillary, 

 longer than the petioles, with 8 alternate bracts on the upper portion ; stigma 

 tubular, pubescent; spur very obtuse. A pretty spedes, of slender habit. In 

 swamps and low grounds. May. 



13. V. tricolor. Pansy. 



Stem angular, diffuse; leaves ovate, obtuse; lower ones ovate-cordate, cre- 

 nate, petlolate ; stipules lyrate, very large, the terminal segment equalling the 

 leaves, crenate ; flowers large, on long axillary peduncles ; 2 upper petals of a 

 rich velvet-like purple ; the 2 lateral ones pale straw color, and with the yellow 

 lowest one marked with purple lines ; spur thick, obtuse, very short A beau- 

 tiful and very variable spedes, cultivated In gardens. It begins to bloom early 

 In spring, and continues untn winter. 



OKDEB XVI. Droseraceae Sundew-fa ///////. 



1. UKOSKRA. 



Sepals fi, united at bate, equal, persistent Petals 5. Sta- 

 mens 6. Stylet 8 5, 2-parted. Capsule subglobosc, ovoid, 3- 

 valvcd, 1 -celled, many-seeded. Per. 



1. D. rotund ifulia. Sundew. 



Leaves radical. In tufts, orbicular, on long petioles, lying flat on the ground, 

 covered with long, reddish, curving, glandular hairs; scapes drdnate when 

 young, racemose, somewhat 1-sldcd ; flowers small, white ; the scape at first 

 eoUed Inward, but unr.-lndlng as It flowers. It becomes erect In seed. Marshes. 

 Aug. 



2. D. longifulia. Long-leaved Sundew. 



Learn obovate or spatnlate, on long, smooth petioles, covered with hairs, as 

 la the otbsr specie*; flowers small, white. In few-flowered, somewhat recurved 



racemes like those of the last, from which It Is dtoUngulahed by the (brm of Uu 

 leaves, and Its more slender habit. A beautiful little plant, the glandulat 

 hairs with which It b so thickly clotted, collect drops of water, glvlr,. 

 appearance of being sprinkled with pellucid dew-drops. June Aug. 



1 PARNASSIA. 



Sepals 6, persistent, united at base. Petals 6, pei>i-l.'iit 

 nearly pcrijrynouK. Stamens perigynons, in 2 seri<> ; outer indc 

 tir.it. iii number, arranged in 5 groups), sterile; inner scries con- 

 sisting of 5 perfect ones, alternating with the ] totals. < 

 1-celled, 4-valvcd. Seeds numerous, with a winged testa. 



1. P. Carolinians. Grass of Parnassus. 



Acaulescent; leaves on long, channelled petioles, orbicular-ovate, strongly 

 veined, entire, light green, somewhat coriaceous ; scapes 4-angled, generally 

 with a sessile leaf just below the middle ; flowers solitary, large, white, nearly 

 1' In diameter; sterile filaments In 5 clusters of 6 each, distinct almost to the 

 base ; petals much larger than the calyx, oval, beautifully veined with a light 

 dull green. A common and very elegant plant Wet meadows. July Aug. 



ORDER XVII. Cistacese. Rockltose-famHi/. 



1. IIKLlAXTIIESnjJt. 



Sepals 5 ; the 2 outer ones much smaller. Petals 5, or rarely 

 3, sometimes wanting, fugacious. Stamens numerous. Stigmaa 

 3, more or less united. Capsule triangular, 3-valved, 8, or 

 many-seeded. Per. 



1. II. Canadense, Rock Rose. 



Stem erect, mostly simple, pubescent; leaves oblong, entire, usually alter- 

 nate, acute, paler beneath ; flowers of 2 kinds, the earlier ones large, few, bright 

 yellow, fugacious, terminal; petals large, thin, nearly orbicular, emargtnate, 

 twice as long as the calyx ; later ones apetalons, or with very small petals, ax- 

 illary, sessile, nearly solitary, very small ; capsules smooth, shining; those of 

 the apetalons flowers very small. A handsome plant in its first bloom, about 1 

 foot lilL'h, with large yellow flowers, which appear In June; but during the rest 

 of the summer it puts forth minute apetalous flowers, and then mnch resembles 



Leches major. 



I.KOlfeA. 



Sepals 5 ; 2 outer much smaller. Petals 3, lanceolate, small 

 Stamens 8 12. Stigmas 3, nearly sessile, almost united. Cap 

 sule 3-valved, 3-celled. Placentas each 1 2-sccded. Per. 



1. L. mdjor. Great Pinweed. 



Stem erect, pubescent, branching ; branches vlllons ; radical ones prostrate ; 

 leaves mostly alternate, oblong, mucronate, hairy; flowers small, dull purple, 

 numerous. In Irregular, leafy racemes, Inconspicuous, followed by a small fruit, 

 rather larger than a pin-head. A rigid, erect plant. In dry fields, growing 10' 

 20' high, with a brittle purplish stem. The root sends out prostrate branches, 

 which last through the winter, and are thickly covered with nearly round tufted 

 leaves. July Aug. 



2. L. thymifdlia. Long-leaved Pinwccd. 



Stem decumbent at base, very branching, pubescent, often of a dull purple ; 

 leaves very numerous, frequently vertlclllate ; canllno ones oblanceolate, or ob- 

 long-linear, those of the stem bronchos much smaller, linear ; those of the radi- 

 cal branches Imbricated, elliptical ; flowers numerous, In axillary and terminal 

 clusters of 8 or 4, followed by minute, globose fruit Bandy fields near th 

 coast July. 



3. L. minor. Small Pinweed. 



Stem erect, nearly smooth, very branching ; radical branches procumbent 

 hairy, often none ; leaves linear; those of the stem often nearly oblong, scat 

 tered, sometimes verUdllate ; flowers dull purple, in nearly simple racemes, 

 separate, pedicellate ; capsule globose. A delicate species In dry grounds, 8' 6 

 high, with flowers and fruit twice as Urge as In L. major. June Sep. 



ORDJCI: XVIII. Hyju-rifiiceaj St. JoTwSs* 



in /i-f- family. 



1. HVrtEICTJM. 



Sepals 6, connected at bane, nearly equal, foliaccou.1. J 

 .. dlili'ju. . SUuncns numerous, sometimes few, united at base 



