ORDER XLIV. ROSACE.E ROSE-FAMILT. 



153 



Var. simples less hairy; stem erect, or ascending at base, often sarmentose 

 ftt apex ; leaflets oblong-cuneiform ; stems j 2 feet long. Found In rich, moist 

 soils, flowering from June to Aug. 



3. P. argentea. Silvery Cinquefoil. 



Stems ascending, hoary -tomentosc ; leaves paimately 8 5-foliate; leaflets 

 oblong-cuneiform, pinnatifldly Incised, entire at base, with a rcvoiute margin, 

 silvery -canesccnt beneath; flowers small, yellow, in crowded, terminal co- 

 rymbs ; petals longer than the caneseent sepals. A common and pretty species, 

 In barren fields and on rocky hills. June Sept. 



4. P. fruticusa. 



Shrubby Cinquefoil. 



Stem erect, shrubby, hairy, very branching ; leaves 5 7-follate, on short 

 petioles ; leaflets oblong-lanceolate, entire, crowded, silky-pubescent, especially 

 beneath ; flowers large, yellow, in terminal clusters ; petals snborbicular, longer 

 tlian the calyx. A very busby shrub, 1 2 feet high, found In meadows in the 

 Northern States. Jam Sept. 



10. FEAOAEIA. 



Calyx concave, deeply 5-cleft, with 3 alternate, exterior seg- 

 ments, or bracteoles. Petals 5, obcordate. Stamens numerous. 

 Achenia dry, smooth, scattered on the enlarged, pulpy, deciduous 

 receptacle. Leaves trifoliate. Stems stoloniferous. Per. 



1. F. Virginiana. 



Field Strawberry. 



Plants pubescent ; leaflets oval, coarsely serrate, rather coriaceous; flowers 

 white, on few-flowered scapes, shorter than the leaves ; fruit roundish-ovoid ; 

 acbenla imbedded in pits on the receptacle ; calyx spreading In fruit A wcll- 

 inown plant, in fields and meadows, universally a favorite for Its delicious fruit, 

 which, when ripened In the son, is scarcely surpassed In flavor by the culti- 

 vated species, and rivals It In sweetness ; ripe In June and July. Flowers in 

 April and May. 



2. F. vfisca. English Strawberry. 



Plant pubescent, leaflets oval, coarsely serrate, or dentate; flowers white, 

 on scapes usually longer than the leaves ; achenla scattered In the surface of 

 the conical, or semi-spherical fruit, which Is not pitted ; calyx of the fruit much 

 spreading, or reflexed. Not uncommon In woods and fields, In the Nnrtti.ni 

 States, and very common in cultivation. Distinguished from the but, which it 

 closely resembles, by the fruit not being pitted, and the peduncles being gene- 

 rally longer than the leaves. April Jfay. 



11. WALDSTElSIA. 



Calyx 6-cleft, with 5 alternate, sometimes minute and decidu- 

 ous bracteoles. Petals 5, or more, sessile, deciduous. Stamens 

 numerous, inserted into the calyx, with filiform filaments. Ache- 

 nia few, dry, inserted on a short receptacle. Per. 



1. W. fragarioides. 



Dry Strawberry. 



Leaves trifoliate, with pubescent petioles; leaflets broadly cuneiform, cre- 

 nately toothed, and Incised ; scapea bracteate, many flowered ; flowers yellow ; 

 petals obovate, longer than the calyx-segments. An elegant plant, In shady 

 and hilly woods, with dark green foliage. Ehizoma thick, and of a blackuh 

 color. Most common in N. N. Eng. and N. York. June. 



11 BfJBUS. 



Calyx 5-parted, spreading. Petals 5, deciduous. Stamens 



numerous, inserted on the border of the dink. Ovaries numerous, 



with a ovules, 1 abortive. Achenia persistent, pulpy and drupa- 



Hatcd on a conical, or cylindrical, juicy, deciduous 



io as to form a compound berry. Receptacle decidu- 



purating from the axis with the fruit. 



1. II. yillosus. 



High Blackberry. 



Stem mostly erect, angnlar, armed with stout, curved prickles; young 

 branches and peduncles villous and glandular; leaves paimately 8 S -foliate; 

 leaflets ovate, mostly acuminate, serrate, glandnlar-vlllons beneath, with prickly 

 petioles ; Uowers white, In leafless racemes of 2025 ; calyx acuminate, shorter 

 than the obovate, spreading petals; fruit oblong, large, black, sweet and dell- 

 clous ; ripe In A ug. A common, prickly shrub ; quite variable. Commoi 

 along f.-nrf and borders of woods. 



Tar. frondosos Is less glandular, and smoother, with inelsely serrate leaflets; 

 flowers about 10 In a raceme, with leafy bracts at base. May. 



20 



2. R. hispidus. 



Bristly Blackberry. 



Stem slender, prostrate, clothed with retrorse bristles ; leaves S-follate, rarely 

 quiuate ; leaflets somewhat coriaceous, obovate, mostly obtuse, smooth, entire 

 toward the base, coarsely serrate; peduncles leafless, corymbose, with 'Several 

 flowers, often bristly with filiform pedicels ; flowers small, white ; petals obovate, 

 twice as long as the spreading sepals ; fruit small, dark purple, or blackish, sour. 

 A' common species with prostrate, trailing stems, in swamps and damp grounds. 

 The leaves remain through the winter. May June. 



3. R. Canadensis. Low Blackberry: 



Stem procumbent, or trailing, somewhat prickly; leaves ternate, rarely qul- 

 nate ; leaflets varying from oval or rhombic-oval to lanceolate, acute, or acumi- 

 nate, membranaceous, Incisely and unequally serrate, mostly smooth ; the com- 

 mon petiole pubescent, or somewhat prickly ; flowers large, white, with leafy 

 bracts, somewhat corymbose ; petals obovate, twice as long as the mncronata 

 calyx ; fruit very large, black, sweet and juicy ; ripe in July and August A 

 very common species In sandy fields. May. 



* Fruit ttparating from Me dry, conical pertittent receptacle. 



4. R. odoratus. Flowering Raspberry. 



Unarmed, glandular-hispid ; leaves paimately 3 5-lobed, somewhat cordate 

 at base, serrate, pubescent, the lobes acute, or acuminate ; flowers Urge, in ter- 

 minal corymbs, 1' 2' in diameter, purplish rose-color, on glandular-hispid pe- 

 duncles ; calyx-segments appendiculatc, shorter than the orbicular petals. Tho 

 upper part of the stem thickly clothed with purplish, viscid, glandular hairs. A 

 splendid shrub, not uncommon on rocky hills, and in rocky woods, frequent In 

 cultivation. The fruit is broad and rather flatUsb, red, or yellowish, and when 

 ripe, sweet and pleasant June July. 



5. R. Idsens. Garden Raspberry. 



Stem hispid, or covered with recurved prickles ; leaves plnnately 8 5-folt- 

 ate; leaflets broad-ovate, or rhomboidal, acuminate, unequally and inclsely ser- 

 rate, boary-tomentoM beneath, sessile, except the odd one ; flowers white, corym- 

 bosely paniculate ; petals entire, shorter than the tomentose, acuminate, calyx ; 

 fruit rod, delicious, ripe in July. A common species in cultivation, admired for 

 Its fruit, of which there are many varieties in form and color. Jl/<iy. 



6. R. StrigoSUS. 



Raspberry. 



Stem unarmed, shrubby, strongly hispid; leaves pinnatoly 3 5-follate; 

 leaflets oblong-ovate, acuminate, serrate, hoary-tomentofle beneath, sessile, ex- 

 cept the odd one, which Is often sub-cordate at base; peduncles 8 6 flowered, 

 hispid ; petals white, about equal to the spreading sepals ; fruit light red, juicy, 

 of a peculiar and very pleasant flavor, ripe In August A common species 

 along fences, and In neglected fields. May. 



7. R. occidentalis. Black Raspberry. 



Stem shrubby, glaucous, armed with hooked prickles ; leaves pinnatcly 8-foll- 

 ate ; leaflets ovate, acuminate, coarsely and doubly serrate, hoary-tomentose be- 

 neath ; lateral ones sessile ; peduncles axillary and terminal, the former 13- 

 flowered, the latter several-flowered, with short pedicels; petals white, shorter 

 than the reflexed sepals ; fruit dark purple, covered with a glaucous bloom, 

 roundish, of a lively pleasant flavor, ripe In July. A common species along 

 fences and the border of woods, distinguished by Its purple, glaucous, arching 

 stems. May. 



8. R. triflorus. Herbaceous Raspberry. 



Stem somewhat snflruticoso at base, declined, unarmed ; branches slender, 

 herbaceous, pubescent; leaves 8 S-foliate; leaflets mostly smooth, or pubes- 

 cent beneath, rhombic-ovate, acnto, unequally dentate, sossile, except the odd 

 one; stipules ovate, entire; flowers white, on terminal 1 8-flowered pedun- 

 cles ; sepals at length reflexed ; petals oblong-obovate, erect, longer than tho 

 calyx ; fruit small, red. A common herbaceous species In moist woods, and 

 shady bill-sides.' The fruit Is red and sour, grown in tho shade, but rather plea- 

 sant when ripened in the sun. June. Per. 



ia B&SA. 



Calyx-tube urceolate, contracted at the mouth, at length fleshy, 

 with 6 segments, which are somewhat spirally imbricated in pre- 

 floration. Petals 5. Achenia numerous, bony, hairy, attached 

 to the inside of the fleshy oalyx-tube. Leavei pinnate. Shntbt. 



1. R. Carolina. Swamp Rose. 



Stem smooth, armed with stout-hooked, mostly stlpnlar prickles ; leaflet* 

 69, oblong, serrate, pale beneath, not shining above, petlolate; petioles 



