ORDER XLV. CALYCANTHACiLE CALYCANTH0S-TEIBE. OEDEK XLIX. ONAGEACE^E EVEN. PKIM.-FAMULY. 155 



styles 8 5 ; fruit pyrlform, ovary red, eatable, bat rather insipid. A Urge 

 shrub in wet thickets, growing 10 15 feet high, and armed with sharp thorns. 

 Hay. 



4. C. Oxyacantha. Hawthorn. 



Leaves obovate, 3 5-lobed, incised and serrate, cruciform at base, shining, 

 Nuootb ; flowers white, in glabrous corymbs, with smooth pedicels ; styles 1 

 ; fruit ovoid, deep red, or purple, small. A very branching shrub, with gla- 

 brous branches, and very slender, sharp, axillary thorns, 815 feet high. Com- 

 mon in cultivation, especially for hedges. Hay. 



16. PTEUA 



Calyx urceolate, with a 5-clcft limb. Petals 6, roundish. 

 Styles 2 5, often united at base. Pome closed, fleshy, 2 5 car- 

 peted. Carpels cartilaginous, 2-seedcd. 



1 P. Mitlus. Apple 



Leaves ovate, or oblong-ovate, serrate, acute, or briefly acuminate, pubes- 

 cent above, tomentose beneath, petiolate ; flowers large, light rose-color, mingled 

 with white, fragrant, In somewhat umbellate corymbs; pedicels and calyx 

 villous-tomentose ; petals short, nnguicnlate ; styles 5, united and villons at 

 base; pome globose. A well-known fruit-tree, universally cultivated, and 

 almost naturalized. It grows 20 40 ft. high, with crooked, spreading branches, 

 and dark rough bark. Innumerable varieties are cultivated. Jfay. 



Z. P. communis. Pear. 



Leaves ovate-lanceolate, somewhat serrate, smooth above, pubescent be- 

 neath, acute or acuminate ; flowers smaller than In the Apple, white, In 

 racemose corymbs, with the calyx and pedicels pubescent styles 5, distinct and 

 vlllous at base ; pome usually pyriform, A taller tree than the last, 20 50ft 

 high, equally well known and prized. Branches ascending. As in t:. 

 the varieties are numberless. May. 



3. P. arbutifolia. Choke-berry. 



Leaves oblong-ovate, obtuse, or acute, crenately serrulate, smooth and 

 shining above, when young tomentose beneath, somewhat coriaceous; flowers 

 In compound, terminal corymbs ; calyx and pedicels tomentoae when young; 

 fruit pyrlform, or nearly globose, dark-red, or purple when ripe, astringent A 

 low branching shrub, 25 ft. high, common in low grounds and borders of 

 swamps. .A/ay. 



4. P. Americana. Mountain Ash. 



Leave* pinnate, 13 15 folia!*, smooth, but together with the petiole, pu- 

 bescent when very young; leaflets oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, sharply ser- 

 rate, with mucronate teeth, flowers white, In compound cynics ; fruit bright 

 red, or scarlet, globose, sour. Common in damp woods lu mountainous dis- 

 tricts, especially in the northern parts of New England. A small tree 1525 

 ft high, blossoming In May and June. Frequently cultivated. 



IT. AMELA.VrillEK. 



Calyx 5-cleft, Petals oblong-ovate, or oblanceolate. Stamens 

 slinrt. Styles 5, more or lew connected. Pome 3 5-celled, 

 I--II-! partly divided by a false dissepiment, with a seed in each 

 diviMon. 



1. A. Canadengis. Shad-flower. 



Leave* ovate, or oval, sometimes oblong, often cordate at base, softly tomen- 

 tose when very young, smooth when fully grown, sharply serrate ; flowers 

 white, racemose; berries purple, eatable; calyx-segments triangular-lanceo- 

 late, about the length of the tube. A very common and variable shrub In damp 

 rocky woods, and low grounds, growing 8 IB ft high. May. 



One of the most common varieties is var. Oblongtfolla. Leaves oval- 

 oblong, mucronate, serrate, with abort acute teeth, tomentose on the lower 

 surface during flowering ; flowers smaller ; petals obovate-oblong, about 8 times 

 the length of the calyx. Apparently well marked while In flower, but difficult 

 to distinguish afterwards. 



18. CYDINIA. 



Calyx urceolate with a 5-cleft limb. Petals 5. Styles 5. 

 Pome with 5 cartilaginous, many-seeded carpels. Seeds cov- 

 ered with a mucilaginous pulp. 



1. C. Vulgaris. Quince. 



Leaves oblong-ovate, obtuso at base, acute at apex, entire, smooth above, 

 woolly beneath; flowers large, solitary, on woolly peduncles; calyx woolly- 

 Detail white, tinged with red ; pome soft downy, usually obovnid, yellow when 



mature. A large shrub of straggling growth, with long, very slender branch- 

 lets. The well-known fruit is universally employed for sweetmeats. May. 



ORDER XLV. Calycanthibese. Calycanthus- 

 tribe. 



1. CALTCANTHTJ3. 



Lobes of the calyx and petals passing into each other, im- 

 bricated in several series, lanceolate, colored, somewhat coria- 

 ceous or fleshy. Stamens unequal, the 12 outer fertile. 



1. C. floridus. Sweet scented Shrub. 



Leaves oval or ovate-lanceolate, tomentoee beneath; branches spreading; 

 flowers lurid purple, almost sessile. A shrub 610 feet high, exhaling from its 

 bark and leaves the odor of camphor, and from its flowers when wilted that of 

 ripe apples. Native of the South, but common in gardens. It is very variable. 

 In some varieties the leaves are smooth and glaucous beneath ; in others, lan- 

 ceolate, smooth beneath, and scabrous above ; in others still, smooth beneath 

 with the branches erect June. . 



ORDER XLVII. Melastomdceae. Mela- 

 stoma-family. 



Calyx-tube swelling at base, with a 4-cleft, persistent limb. 

 Petals 4. Stamens 8, with 1-celled anthers. Style declined. 

 Capsule nearly free from the investing calyx-tube, 4-celled, with 

 prominent placenta. Per. 



1. R. Virginica. Meadow Beauty. 



Stem somewhat hispid, with 4 sllgbtly winged angles ; leaves sessile, oval- 

 lanceolate, sparingly hbpld, clllate-serrulate, strongly S-ncrvcd, rarely more ; 

 flowers large, bright purple, showy and numerous, in corymbose cymes; 

 petals obovate, hispid beneath, deciduous ; calyx hispid ; anthers long, yellow, 

 crooked. A very showy plant 8' 12' in wet ground ; not uncommon. July 

 -Aug. 



ORDER XLVIII. Lythrdcese. Loosetrife- 

 famfl/y. 



\. DEC&DON. 



Calyx short, broadly campanulate, with 5 erect teeth, and 

 5 elongated, spreading, horn-like processes. Stamens 10, those 

 opposite the calyx-teeth very long. Style filiform. Stigma 

 small. Capsule globose, included in the calyx, many-seeded. Per. 



1. D. verticillatum. Swamp Loosetrife. 



Stems simple, woody at base, with recurved or reclining branches, often 

 rooting at the summit 4 6 angled ; leaves opposite or vertlcitlate In whorls of 

 3, lanceolate, entire, on short petioles ; flowers purple, in axillary, nearly sessile 

 clusters, of 3, or more, apparently vcrtlclllate, extending over the greater part 

 of the stem. An elegant plant In swamps, with slender stems 4 6 ft long, and 

 showy flowers. Common. Aug. Sep. There arc 2 varieties, ono in Bbodo 

 Island, and further south, with the stems and under surface of the leaves pu- 

 bescent the other with the stem and leaves smooth, In other parts of New 

 England. 



ORDER XLIX. Onagracese. Evening 

 Primrose-family. 



SYNOPSIS OF THE QENEBA. 



SUBORDER I. Onagr&ceso proper. 



Calyx-tube usually prolonged beyond the ovary ; limb 4-parted. Petals 4, 

 (usually wanting In one species of No. 4.) Stamens 8, 4, or 2. Capsule 2 or 4- 

 celled, 2 or 4 valve. I. 



*SUunei8. Petal* 4. 



1. EPILOBICX. Calyx-tube not prolonged beyond the ovary. Capsule 

 linear. 



