168 



ORDER LXJV. OOMPO- \MII.V. 



double; outer series abort, cetaceous, and with the oliafT united 

 into a crown ; inner series with filiform, deciduous bristles. An. 



1. <\ Chinonsis. China After. 



Stem hispid with divergent branches ; leaves alternate, coarsely toothed, 

 pedolate, eanllne ones senile, tapering at base ; heads large, with numeroiu 

 rays, solitary on the extremities of the branches. Common In cultivation, 

 where many rarleUra occur, ranging through all the shades of red and purple, 

 from deep-blue to pore white. 



11. r.fci.i.is. 



Heads many -flowered. Rays pistillate. Disk perfect. In- 

 volucre hemispherical, of equal scales. Receptacle conical, 

 somewhat alveolate. Pappus none. Per. 



1. B. perennis. 



English Daisy. 



Acanle*cent; root creeping; leaves obovate, crenate; scape naked, 1- 

 flowered. A beautiful Hole nropean plant, not uncommon In cultivation, 

 with a scape 3' 4' high, bearing a solitary white flower ; In cultivation double, 

 or quilled. Varieties In respect to color are also produced. 



12. DAHLIA. 



Heads many-flowered. Disk-flowers pistillate. Involucre 

 double. Scales of the outer scries double and distinct, of the 

 inner 8 in number, and united at base. Receptacle clinfly. 

 Pappus none. Per. 



\. D. varidbilis. Dahlia. 



Stem smooth, green ; leaves pinnate, opposite ; leaflets about 5, ovate, aeu- 

 mlnaie, nearly or quite smooth, with their common stalk winged ; < 

 rolnere reflexed. Very common In cultivation, where It Is usually double, and 

 sports Into many varieties of almost every color and combination of colors, 

 except blue ; stem 4 S ft. high. July. Sep. 



18. BOLIDAGO. 



Heads few or many-flowered. Ray-flowers about 5, pistil- 

 late. Disk-flowers perfect. Involucre with imbricate, oppressed 

 scales. Receptacle small, alveolate. Pappus simple, capillary. 

 Achenia nearly round, with wavy ribs. Heads, with 1 except i in. 

 yellow. Per. 



1. S. lanceolata. Narrow-leaved Golden-rod. 



Stem angular, hairy, very branching; leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, rntirv, 

 ft- veined, slightly pubescent on the veins and margin ; heads rather fnmll, In 

 dense, terminal, flat corymbs ; rays 15 20. A common and somewhat (Vagrant 

 species, ra low grounds, 2 4 feet hlgli, distinguished from most other Solida- 

 (toes by Its flat corymbs. Srp- 



2. 8. cassia. Blue-stemmed Golden-rod. 



Stem round and glaucous, often flexnons ; leaves lanceolate, serrate, acumi- 

 nate, sessile ; beads with 6 7 rays. In axillary, crowded, racemose clusters. A 

 handsome specie*, 8 4 feet high. Stem generally purplish, slender, with axil- 

 lary racemes through a great portion of Its length. Common In moist woods. 



Og 



3. S. latifi'ilia. Broad-leaved Golden-rod. 



Nearly, or quite smooth ; stem angular, sflmowhat Heinous, simple, or slight- 

 ly branched above ; leaves large, broad-ovate, tapering at both ends, deeply and 

 sharply serrate, with margined petioles ; heads small, greenish-yellow, 

 short, axillary, sessile, or long, terminal racemes. A very distinct species, 1 

 9 feet high. Not uncommon along the rocky banks of streams, or In dry rich 

 woods. 



4. S. bicolor. Wliite-rayed Golden-rod. 



Pubescent; stem mostly simple ; leaves oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, acute 

 at each end ; lower ones oval and petlolate, slightly serrate ; heads In numerous, 

 erect, densely flowered, axillary, racemose clusters, forming a long terminal, In- 

 terrupted spike; Involucre-scales ovate, obtuse; rays short, pate cream-color, 

 or white, about 8 In number. A common anil well marked species, of a some- 

 what hrary appearance, easily distinguished from all other s[>eclos by Its whitish 

 rays. Dry fields and woods. Aug. Sep. 



5. 8. upccioBS. Showy Golden-rod. 



Wlem stout, smooth, simple ; leaves thick, smooth, rough on the margin, oval 

 or ovate-lanceolate; upper ones oblong-lanceolate, entire sessile ; lower taper- 

 Ing Into a winged petiole, slightly Semite; head* numerous, with about 8 

 brleht yellow, large rays. In numerous densely rr<.wiled. entct racemes, forming 



a long, showy, thynold panlrle. A tall and very handsome species, 4 6 feet 

 high. Not uncommon In woods. Auy.Srp. 



6. S. nemoralis. Gru rod. 



Pubescent ; stem mostly simple ; leaves oblaneeolate, . nes ob- 



long-spatulate, somewhat serrate, petlolate ; heads small, with 69 deep-yellow 

 rays, In dense, and finally recurved racemes, forming a close panicle, which Is 

 usually recurved ; Involucre-scales oblong-linear, appressed. A common species 

 In dry soils, 12 feet high, of a grayish and somewhat stunted appearance, 

 with a largo panicle of deep yellow flowers. Sep. 



7. S. serotina. Smooth Golden-rod. 



Stem tall, smooth, often glaucous ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, 

 rough above and on the margin, hoary on the veins beneath ; heads small, with 

 short rays. In dense flowered, paniculate racemes. A tall and variable species, 

 In low grounds, 8 feet high, with a more or less dense, recurved panicle. 

 Common. Sep. 



8. S. Canadensis. Canadian Golden-rod. 



Stein tall, hairy; leaves lanceolate, serrate, rough above, more or less pu- 

 bescent beneath ; heads small, very numerous, with very short, Ineoii- 

 rays, in a large, recurved panicle, A tall, variable species, common In the bor- 

 ders of thickets and fields. One variety has the stem and under surface of the 

 leaves woolly ; another has the leaves very rough above, entire and rugose. 

 Aug.- 



9. S. gigantea. Large Golden-rod. 



stout, smooth, often glaucous; leaves lanceolate, nearly or quite 

 smooth on both sides, acuminate, sharply serrate, tapering and entire at base, 

 and dilate on the margin ; panicles large, with pubescent branches; lieads larger 

 than In the last, with rather long rays, numerous. A large and variable species, 

 with a showy panicle, 4 6 feet high. Common In low grounds, and along 

 fences. Aug.Oct 



10. S. sempervirens. Evergreen Golden-rod. 



Smooth ; stem stout, purplish, often somewhat glaucous ; leaves lanceolate, 

 somewhat fleshy, sessile and slightly clasping at base, entire and rough on the 

 margin ; heads large, with 810 long, narrow, bright yellow rays, racemose, la 

 a more or less contracted panicle. A common species, 2 6 feet high, In brack- 

 ish swamps and salt marshes, with large heads, and long, narrow, radical leaves. 

 Sfji. 



11. S. odora. X/,i,-i/ (,'ulili it-rod. 

 Nearly or quite smooth ; stem slender, erect, or reclined ; leaves linear-lan- 

 ceolate, entire, shining above, very smooth, with pellucid dots; heads small, 

 with 8 4 rays, in -IHTI. ^.reading racemes, forming rather small, unilateral 

 panicles. An elegant species, distinguished by the fragrance of Its leaves, which 

 have the odor and flavor of anise. Common. July Stp 



12. S. argilta. Sharp-toothed Golden-rod. 



Smooth; stem erect, thick, fnrrowe'l ; loaves sliarply serrate, with ill 

 teetli, acuminate, taiwrlng at base; lower and radical ones oval-lanceolate, or 

 lanceolate, attenuate to margined and dilute petioles; raullne ones lanceolate, or 

 oblong, the highest entire, small ; heads medium size, with about 10 rays, In 

 dense, long, recurved racemes, forming a 1-sided, flat, corymbose panicle. A 

 very common and variable species, in woods and fields, distinguished by Its 

 large panicle and recurved racemes. July Sep. 



13. S. altfssima. Bough Golden-rod. 



Pubescent ; stem erect, rough, branching above ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, or 

 oblong, sharply serrate, rough, especially above ; upper ones acute, or acumi- 

 nate, often thick In texture, and rugose; racemes paniculate on the spreading 

 branches; heads small, with 6 8 rays ; Involucre-scales linear. A tall, rough 

 species, 4 6 feet high ; extremely variable. Common In the borders of Holds 

 and thickets. The stem Is thickly clothed with rough leaves, and Is very 

 branching above, with largo, more or less recurved panicles. Distinguished es- 

 pecially by Its rough stem and leaves. Sep. Oct. 



14. l.MI.A. 



:< uumy-flowcrc,!. Involucre imbricated. Rays nmnor 

 otis, in one row. pi-tlllat'-. Disk-flowers perfect. K.vcptad,' 

 I'uppii- simiil". capillary. Per. 



1. I. 1 1 rli n it u 1 1. Elecampane. 



Stem stout, furrowed, branching and -vooll v above ; leaves ovate, downy be 

 in-nth : radical nnns very largo, prtlolate serrate ; online ones clasping ; heads 



