OEDER LXXI. PRIMtTLACEJS PEIMEOSE-TRIBE. ORDEE LXXHI. PLUMBAGINACE^E THRIFT-FAMILY. 177 



unboiled ; pedicels 1-flowered ; berries roundish, scarlet, persistent tbrocgh the 

 winter. A shrub with very variable foliage, 48 ft high, common in swamps 

 and low grounds. June. 



ORDER LXXI. Primulacese. Primrose- 



trile. 



8TNOP9IS OF THE GENERA. 



1. PBIKCLA. Flowers nmbelled. Leaves radical. 



2. TuisTALis. Corolla rotate, 6 S, usually 7-parted. Canllne leaves in a 

 ilngle whorl. 



8. Lysw ACUIA. Corolla yellow, rotate, 5-parted. 



4. SAJIOLUS. Corolla campanulate, white. Leaves alternate. 



1. PRIMULA. 



Calyx tubular, 5-cleft. Corolla solver-form, spreading above, 

 5-lobci Stamens 5, included. Stigma globose. Capsule open- 

 ing by 10-clefta at apex. Per. 



1. P. auricula. Auricula. 



Leaves obovate, fleshy, entire or serrate ; scape many-flowered, as long as 

 the leaves ; flowers showy and fragrant, in an involacrate nmbel, in cultivation 

 varying to almost all possible hues ; involucre-leaves short ; calyx mealy. A 

 well-known flower, long an especial favorite of the florist?, of which number- 

 less varieties are cultivated. May. 



2. P. elatior. Oxlip Primrose. 



Leaves toothed, rugose, hairy on both sides; umbel many-flowered; outer 

 flowers nodding; flowers yellow, scentless; corolla flat A British species, not 

 uncommon In cultivation. April May. 



3. P. veria. English Cowslip. 



Leaves toothed, rugose, hairy beneath ; umbels many-flowered ; flowers all 

 nodding, yellow; calyx angular; corolla concave. The plant has a strong smell 

 of anise. 



4. P. vulgaris. Common Primrose. 



Leaves obovate, or oblong, rugose, villons beneath, toothed ; nmbel radical ; 

 tne pedicels rising directly from the root, as long as the leaves ; flowers in a wild 

 state, yellow and single, but in cultivation passing into numerous other colors, 

 often double, and sometimes on a scape. The plant smells of anise. Common 

 in cultivation. April. 



2. TP.lfcNTALIS. 



Calyx mostly 7-parted. Corolla mostly 7-parfcd, flat, with- 

 out any tube. Stamens mostly 7. Filaments united in a ring at 

 base. Capsule many-seeded. Per. 



1. T. Americana. Chick Wintergreen. 



Stem low, rlmple, slender, crowned by a whorl of leaves at top, naked be- 

 low ; leaves 5 8 in a whorl, narrow-lanceolate, tapering at both ends, serrulate, 

 thin and delicate, light green ; flowers few, on very slender peduncles, pro- 

 jecting from among the leaves, white and starllke ; sepals linear, acuminate, 

 shorter than the segments of the corolla. A very slender and delicate plant, 

 common in damp rich woods. Stem 6' 10' high. May. 



3. LY8IMACHIA. 



Calyx 5-partcd. Corolla 6-parted, rotate, with a very short 

 tube. Limb 5-parted, spreading. Stamens 5, often united in a 

 ring at base. Capsule globose, 6 10-valved, opening at apex. 

 Per. 



1. L. stricta. Upright Loosestrife. 



Stem erect, simple or branching ; leaves opposite, or In threes, lanceolate, 

 tapering at both ends, smooth, punctate, sessile ; flowers numerous, on slender 

 pedlcel.% whoried, the numerous whorls forming a long, cylindrical raceme; 

 pedicels nearly horizontal, with a subulate bract at base ; corolla yellow, spotted 

 with purple ; capsule 5-teeded. An elegant plant, I 2 ft high. In swamps and 

 wet ground*. After flowering, bulblets appear in the axils. Common. July. 



2. L. c;ili;it;i. 



Fringed Loosestrife. 



Stem nearly square, ereot, branching ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, entire, oppo- 

 site, rarely in four*, rounded or cordate at base, with dilate petioles ; flowers 

 large, light yellow, nodding, on slender, axillary peduncles ; stamens Inserted in 

 a ring, distinct alternating with 5 sterile filaments. A rather elegant species, 9 

 8 ft high, common In low grounds. July. 

 23 



3. L. lanceolata. Narrow-leaved Loosestrife. 



Stem erect, branching, 4-angled ; leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, ta 

 pertng at both ends, opposite, on short, ciliate petioles ; flowers largo, yollow, 

 nodding, on slender, axillary peduncles ; stamens united in a ring, alternating 

 with 5 sterile filaments. A smaller and more slender plant than the last, 1 2 

 ft. high, distinguished from the last by its narrow leaves, acuto at both ends. 

 Common in swamps. July. 



4. L. quadrifolia. Four-leaved Loosestrife. 



Stem erect, simple, somewhat hairy ; leaves whoried in fours, rarely in threes 

 or sixes, lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate, dotted; flowers nodding, yellow, on 

 slender, axillary peduncles, shorter than the leaves; corolla marked with purple 

 lines ; filaments united at base ; anthers short A common species, in sandy 

 soils. Stem Vf IS' high. June. 



4. 8AMOLTJS. 



Calyx partly adherent to the ovary, 5-cleft. Corolla some- 

 what campanulate, 5-cleft. Stamens 5, alternating with 5 sterile 

 filaments. Capsule opening by 5 valves at top, many-seeded. 

 Per. 



1. S. floribrindus. Water Pimpernel. 



Storn branching, leafy ; leaves entire, obtuse, alternate ; radical ones obo- 

 vate, or spatulate, petiolate ; cauline oblong or oval ; uppermost snbsessile ; 

 flowers in numerous, loose raceme?, panicnlately arranged, white ; pedicels ca- 

 pillary, with minute bracts near the middle ; calyx-teeth ovate, shorter than the 

 corolla, A low, smooth shrub, ft' 12' high, not uncommon in low grounds. 

 JuntStpt. 



ORDER LXXII. Plantaginacese. Plantain- 

 family. 



1. PLANTAOO. 



Calyx-teeth 4, persistent, dry and scarious on the margin. 

 Corolla tubular, withering, with a 4-cleft, reflexed border. St.-i- 

 mens mostly exsert and very long. Capsule an ovoid, 2-cclled 

 pyxis. AeauleKtnt. 



1. P. major. Common Plantain. 



Leaves large, ovate, tapering abruptly at base, scarcely toothed, very strong- 

 ly ribbed, with stout, nearly parallel veins, on long, channelled, fleshy petioles ; 

 spike long, cylindrical ; flowers densely imbricated, whitish, inconspicuous. A 

 very common plant about paths and houses, in damp soil. Scapes 8' 2 ft 

 high. Jam Sept. 



2. P. lanceolata. Ribwort. 



Leaves lanceolate, strongly 3 5-nerved, nearly entire, tapering at both ends, 

 more or less hairy on the petioles and veins ; petioles slender ; scape slender, 

 angular, more or less pubescent ; spike ovate, densely flowered ; stamens whit- 

 ish, much exsert, with dark anthers. A smaller and more slender species than 

 the last, with scapes 6' 20' high. Common in dry, grassy fields. May Oct. 



3. P. marituna. Sea Plantain. 



Mostly smooth; leaves linear, fleshy, channelled above, rounded In the lower 

 side, nearly entire ; scape terete; flowers whitish, In dense, cylindrical spikes, 

 sometimes scattered below. A very fleshy species, common In salt marshes 

 near tho coast, and Is distinguished by Its numerous half-terete, channelled 

 leaves. Scapes 4' 6' high. July Aug. 



ORDER LXXIII. 



Plumbaginacere. Thrift- 

 family. 



1. STATICE. 



Flowers scattered, or loosely spicate in a compound corymb, 

 ]->M''<l, 2 3-bracted. Calyx funnol-form, dry and membranous, 

 persistent Petals 5, mostly distinct, with long claws. Stamens 

 5, attached at base. Styles 5, distinct. Fruit indehiscent, in- 

 vested with the calyx. Per. 



1. S. Li in ni ii n in. Marsh Rosemary. 



Leaves radical, lanceolate, or oblong-obovate, 1-veined, entire, mucronate 

 below the tip, thick and fleshy, dull green, on long petioles ; scape with wither* 



