190 ORDKRXCII. ARI8TOLOCHIACE lUKTHWOET-FAM. OlM'l i:\UV. rllr.Ntil'i .MACEJ5 GOO6KFOOT-TKIBE. 



2. F. pubt-seens Red Ash. 



Leaflet* T , petiolate, lanceolate or lance-ovate, acuminate, loft-downy be- 

 neatb, a* well a* the petiole* and young tbooU; calyx present; corolla want- 

 ing; Inflorescence at in the last; aaman nthcr more broadly apatnlate than In 

 the last, obtaM, anally abruptly tapering at base. A common tree In 

 Southern N. Eng. and New York, distinguished from the last by Its downy 

 branchleta and th deep brown color of the older bark. April-May. 



3. F. sambucifulia. Slack Ath. 



LeafleU 711, senile, ovate-lanceolate or oral-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, 

 more or lea* hairy on the veins beneath, obliquely obtuse at bate; calyx and 

 corolla both wanting ; samara oblong, extremely obtuse at both ends. A tall, 

 tender tree, with darker-colored bark than the first, and very tough and elastic 

 wood. The buds are of a deep blue color. This Ash Is most common In the 

 extreme Northern parts of the U. 8., where it Is abundant In moist woods and 

 JTay. 



iiargin toothed or incised. Stamens 1 2. Style 1. Utricle in 

 closed in the calyx, l-ecded. Lea/leu. 



1. 8. herbacea. Su- 



Stem erect or ascending, branching ; branches opposite, jointed, flesliy, green, 

 terminating In spikes ; joint* thickened upward ; flowers small, aetatle at the 

 iolnts of the stem, bearing branches, and forming a sort of spike. A leaflet*, 

 fleshy, branching plant, growing 6' 12 1 high In salt marshes, along the coast and 

 near-ltspring. A*. A* 



SECTION HI. APETAI^E. 



ORDER XCII. Aristolochidcese. Birthwort- 



^am ibj. 



1. AbAKTJM. 



Calyx campanulate ; limb 3-cleft ; tube adherent to the ovary. 

 Stamens 12, inserted on the ovary. Anthers short, fixed to the 

 middle of the filament*. Style very short Stigma 6-rayed. 

 Fruit globular, fleshy, 6-celled, crowned with the calyx. Per. 



1. A. Canadense. Wild Oinr/cr. 



Pubescent, stemlets; leaves 2, broad-renlform, large, on long, hairy petioles, 

 sod-downy ; flowers solitary, large, nodding, on a downy pedicel proceeding 

 from between the 2 petioles, pressed elate to the ground, sometimes Just beneath 

 the surface ; calyx woolly ; segments reflexcd from the middle, brownish-pur- 

 ple within. A curious plant, common In some districts, In rich woods. The 

 rootstock Is very aromatic. July. 



ORDER XC1II. Phytolaccaceae. Poke-trUx.. 



1. PHTTOLACCA. 



Calyx of 6 pctaloid sepals. Stamens 6 30. Styles 5 12. 



Ovary composed of 6 12 united carpels, forming a 5 12-celled, 



half-globular berry. Cells 1-seeded. 



1. P. decandra. Poke-weed. 



Smooth ; stem tall, terete, branching, changing at length to deep purple ; 

 leaves large, ovate, acute at both ends, petiolate, entire ; flowers groenlsh-whtte 

 In long, cylindrical racemes, at first terminal, but at length opposite the leaves 

 stamens 10; styles 10; fruit globose, depressed, dark purple, Juicy. A tall, 

 stout, poisonous plant, ft 8 ft high, rising from a very largo, branching, poi- 

 sonous root JulyStp. 



ORDER XCIV. 



Chenopodiacese. Goosefoot- 



trl 



SYNOPSIS OF THE GENERA. 



Flower*) all perfect. 



1 SALICOCIIA. Stamens 12. Flowers In 8s. Leafless succulent plants. 



I BAUOLA. Calyx at length with a horizontal wing on the back, forming a 

 border. Prickly, succulent planta, with subulate leaves. 



8. BcMDn. Calyx never winged on the back, succulent, Inclosing the frul 

 when roatore. Fleshy plants, with linear leave*. 



4. CoroDioit. Calyx 6-partod. neither winged nor succulent In fruit. 

 Seeds lenticular, depressed. Leafy. Weeds. 



5. BETA. Calyx o-parud, fleshy, and Inclosing the reulform seed when ma- 

 ture. Boot Urge and fleshy. 



Flower* dl<rrlon or |.il > a ;i nnnis. 



ft, BriXACiA. Flowers dlotdous. Calyx of the fertile flowers a 4-eleft 

 ftryles capillary. 



T. AcxtDA. Flowers dkedous. Calyx of the fertile flower. 8-parUd. 8tl 

 toe* 8 &, Seattle, linear, rr volute. 



8. JaOOrtBL Flowers monoecious and polygamous. Pistillate flowers des 

 MM* of a calyx. Stylet *, partly united. 



1. BALICOBNIA. 

 flowers perfect, :i together Calyx uiiull, turhinatc, closed 



MI-WITS p.-rf.-rt, with 2 bracU at base. Cnlyx 5-prt.>,l, p.-r- 

 sistent; segments horizontally winged on the back, i 

 depressed fruit at base, and crowning it with a broad, circular, 

 scarious border. Stamens mostly 5. Styles 2. Seeds horizontal. 

 Embryo spiral. 



1. S. Kali. Saltwort. 



Stem decumbent, diffusely branching, herbaceous ; leaves alternate, subulate, 

 sessile, channelled, terminating In a sharp prickle ; flowers single, green, succu- 

 ent, sessile, bracted at base ; calyx-lobes converging, and forming a sort of beak 

 to the Inclosed utricle. A very prickly, bnhy, spreading plant, common on 

 sandy shores. Stem 12 ft. high. Aug. An. 



& BUjlDA. 



Flowers perfect Calyx urceolate, 5-parted; segments- at 

 length succulent and inclosing the depressed fruit Stamens 6. 

 Style 1. Stigmas 2 5. Embryo spiral. An. 



1. S. maritima. Sea Goosefoot. 



Smooth; stem mostly erect, branching; leaves sessile, linear or subulate, 

 fleshy, semi-cylindrical, somewhat acute ; flowers 28 together, In sessile, axil- 

 lary clusters, greenish ; bractlcts minute; calyx Inflated in fruit; utricle thin 

 and almost transparent, containing a black, shining seed. A weed of the salt 

 marshes. Stem 12 ft high. Aug. 



4. CHENOPODIUM. 



Flowers perfect, bractless. Calyx 5-parted, at length dry, par- 

 tially enveloping the fruit Stamens 5. Styles i. Utricle mem- 

 branaceous. Seed lenticular. An. 



1. C. album. Pigweed. 



Smooth; stem erect, branching; leaves rhomboid- ovate, coarsely toothed, 

 entire at base, p*le green, petiolate, white and mealy beneath; uppermost en- 

 tire; flower* greenish, mealy, sessile. In irregular spikes, forming large, termi- 

 nal panicles. A very common and homely weed, 2 8 ft high, In waste ground*. 

 July Sep. An. 



2. C. hybridum. Tall Pi<j 



Smooth ; stem erect, (lender, very branching ; leave* ovate, cordate at base, 

 acuminate, angular, with a few large, remote teeth, light green on both aide*; 

 flowers greenish, senile, in divaricate racemes, which are loosely arranged in a 

 terminal, leafless panicle. The flowers have a very unpleasant odor. A com- 

 mon weed In waste grounds. Stem 2 8 ft high. July Aug. 



3. C. Botrys. Oak of J- 



Viscld-puhcacent; stem exceedingly branching; leave* oblong, obtuse, sinu- 

 ate ; upper one* spatnlate-lanceolate ; flower* green, numerous, fragrant, In short, 

 leafless racemes arranged In large, terminal and lateral panicle*, of whli-h 'U 

 terminal is much the tallest A fragrant species sometime* cultivated, growing 

 In dry fields and along road-sides. Stem 18 ft high. July Aug. 



fi. BETA. 



Flowers perfect Calyx of 6 sepals. Stamens 5. Styles 2, 

 v.ry short, iT<vt. Stigmas acute. Seeds reniform, inclosed in 

 the fleshy calyx. Bicn. 



1. B. vulgaris. Common Beet. 



Stem erect, branching, furrowed; leaves alternate, nearly entire ; lower ones 

 ovate, upper narrower ; flowers green, in dense, axillary, sessile cluster*, arrang- 

 ed in spikes, forming terminal panicle* ; root fleshy. The common beet Is cul- 

 tivated every where for culinary purposes. The root* are of varion* shade* of 

 red, yellow and white. Aug. 



Flowers diwciouf. Barren flowers calyx 5-clcft; stamens 6. 

 Fertile flowers calyx 2 t-cleft Styles 4, capillary. Utricle 

 contained in the hardened and sometimes spiny calyx An. 



