1 '.'_' 



oi;m i; XI VII. POLYGONACEJE BUCKWIIKAT-TKIBK 



In UM ulU at the leave*, greenish-white, sometimes reddish-white, A common 

 Uttl< weed. In waste grounds uid along road-atda*. Stems 4' W long. June 

 -A'ot. An. 



I', t.'tme. Slender Knot-grass. 



Stem erect, slender, sparingly branched, acutely angled ; loaves narrow- 

 linear, sMallo, (rat, nry acute ; stipules tabular, fringol ; flowcra very small, 

 greenish-white, often solitary, nearly MMlIc ; stmmene 5 8. A slender spedea, 

 4' IS' high, not uncommon In dry, sandy soils, July Sep. AH. 



Flovtn pedicellate, tpicate, arinngfrom truncate bractt. 



3. P. articulatum. Joint-weed. 



Stem erect, slender, branching ; leaves llnear-snbnlate, deeidnons ; flowers 

 la long, slender, panlcled racemes, rose-color, solitary, nodding, on (inform pe- 

 duncles, proceeding from the Imbricate, truncate bracts; stamens 8; styles 8; 

 fruit acutely triangular, smooth and sblnlng. A singular little plant apparently 

 I a* firm, and covered with a profusion of small, roM-colored, nodding flowers. 

 Stem 4' IS' high. Common In sandy soils near the sea-coast Aug. An. 



* Flomrt in terminal or axillary ipitet. Leave* lanceolate, varying 

 toobomte. 



4. P. Hydropiper. 



Water-Pepper. 



Smooth; stem erector ascending, simple or brandling; leaves lanceolate, 

 entire, acuminate, punctate with pellucid dots, waved and rough on the mar- 

 gin ; stipules Inflated, fringed ; flowers pale greenish-white. In loose. Interrupted, 

 i*mf*~t nodding spike* ; stamens 6 8 ; styles 28, united at base ; fruit len- 

 ticular or triangular. A common plant, whose Intense acridity Is universally 

 known. It grows In low grounds and damp situations generally. Stem 12 ft 

 high. Aug. Sep. 



5. P. hydropiperoides. Mild Water-Pepper. 



Stem mostly smooth, erect or ascending, often decumbent and rooting at 

 base ; leaves lanceolate, somewhat hairy, or dilate ; stipules hairy, long-fringed ; 

 flowers reddish. In slender, loose and weak splkca ; stamens 78 ; styles 8, 

 united below ; fruit triangular. A species somewhat resembling the last, but 

 destitute of Its acrid properties. Stem 1 S ft high. Swamps and low grounds. 

 July Aug. Per. 



6. P. Pennsylvdnicum. Pennsylvanian Knot-grass. 



Stem erect, branching, smooth below ; branches and peduncles more or less 

 covered with glandular hairs ; leaves lanceolate, long-acuminate, petlolate, 

 ronghlsh on the margin and mid-vein ; stlpnles smooth, not dilate ; flowers 

 rose-colored, pedicellate, In oblong, nearly erect, crowded spikes ; stamens 6 

 8 ; style 2-parted ; fruit lenticular. A common species In low, moist situations 

 Stem 1 4 ft high. July Oct. An. 



7. P. Persicaria. Spotted Knot-weed. 



Stem erect, branching, smooth ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, petlolate, 

 entire, usually marked with a large, heart-shaped, brown spot near the centre ; 

 stipules fringed; Bowers rose -color, In short, dense, oblong, terminal splkea; 

 peduncles generally smooth ; stamens mostly 0; styles 2, united nearly half 

 way. A common apede* In wet grounds and waste places, especially distin- 

 guished from the last by Its spotted leaves and fringed stipules. Stem 18 ft 

 high. June- Aug. An. 



8. P. orientale. Prince's Feather. 



Stem tall, erect, branching, somewhat hairy ; leaves ovate, acuminate, pe- 

 tlolate ; upper stipules hairy, somewhat salvor-form ; flowers large, open, rose- 

 colored. In long, nodding, showy spikes ; calyx 6 parted ; stamens 7 ; style 2- 

 cleft; fruit lenticular. A tall and very showy plant, 4 8ft high, frequently 

 found In waste grounds, and very often cultivated. Aug. An, 



9. P. amphibium. Amphibious Knot-ten </. 



Blent ascending, prostrate, or decumbent at base, rooting at the lower Joints ; 

 leaves oblong-laneeuiate, or oblong, varying from acute to nearly obtuse, taper- 

 Ing at base, or somewhat cordate ; flowers rose-color. In oblong or ovoid, dense, 

 terminal splkea ; atamans B; styles 2 ; fruit flattened, smooth. A very variable 

 species growing In and about ponds and stagnant water. There are two prin- 

 cipal varieties. Var. aauatlcum has long, jointed, rooting Menu, creeping In 

 UM mud, or floating In the water; leaves large, nearly obtuse, long-petioled. 

 Var. terrettrt grows around the borders of ponds, and has a more or leas hairy 

 stem, erect or ascending, with acute leaves ; upper ones on very short petioles. 

 Julf A tig. Per. 



10. P. Virpinii'inum. Virrjinian Knot-weed. 



Stem erect, simple, smooth below, slightly hairy stove ; leaves large, orate, 

 or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, rounded at base, oa short petioles, dilate ; sti- 

 pules truncate, hairy, fringed ; flowers small, greenish-while, remote, bracted. 

 In a long, slender, terminal spike, which sometimes has 1 S short brain-lies. 

 A common species In shady thickets, distinguished by Its large, broad leave*, 

 and iu very long and slender spike. Stem 23 ft, high. July Any. Per. 



* * * Flouurt in tomnchat capital* cluster! or loon raceme*. Leattt 



cordate or tagiliate. 



11. P. sagittatum. Arrow-leaved Bindu--- 



Stem weak, ascending or prostrate, square, lib the angles bristly backward ; 

 leaves sagittate, entire, acute, with the mid-vein prickly beneath ; stipules 

 smooth ; flowers small, whitish, generally tinged with rose-color, In small, ter- 

 minal heads, on long, slender, smooth peduncles ; stamens mostly 8 ; styles 8 ; 

 fruit acutely 8-angled. A common rough species In wet grounds, si.: 

 itself on oilier plants by Its prickly stem, which Is 12 ft. long. June Any. 

 An. 



12. P. arifolium. Halbert-learcd Bindweed. 



Stem weak, ascending, 4-angled ; angle* prickly backward ; leavea hastate, 

 entire, acuminate, on long petioles ; flowers rose-colored, In few-flowered, loose, 

 slender racemes, terminating the branches ; peduncles rough, with stiff, plandu- 

 iar hairs; calyx sometimes 4-parted ; stamens 6; styles 2 ; fruit lenticular. A 

 prickly species, like tile last, supporting Itself by iu prickles. I*ow . 

 Xot uncommon. Stem 12 ft high. Aug. An. 



13. P. Convolvulus. Illm-k /lim/ir 



Stem angular, twining or prostrate, somewhat rough, naked at tin 

 leaves petlolate, hastate, cordate at bate, acute, entire ; stipules nearly entire ; 

 flowers greenish-white, sometimes tinged with purple, pedicellate. In clusters of 

 8 i, nodding In fruit forming small. Interrupted racemes ; outer calyx-lobes 

 carinato ; stamens 8 ; styles 8 ; fruit mostly smooth, triangular. A 

 weed In cultivated grounds. Stem 16 ft long. June Sept An. 



14. P. cilin6de. Fringed Bindweed. 



Slightly pubescent ; stems climbing and twining ; leaves somewhat hastate, 

 cordate at base, acuminate ; stipules fringed at base with reflexcd hairs : 

 greenisti-whlte, in psnlcled racemes; calyx-lobes scarcely carlnate : fruit stnootk 

 and shining, triangular. A climbing species, distinguished by the fringed joints 

 Stems 810 ft long. Thickets and rocky hills. JulySrpt. An, 



15. P. Fagopyrum. Buclin-lnut. 



Smooth ; stem erect, branching ; leaves sagittate or hastate, cordate at bas 

 generally approaching to triangular in outline; stipules semi-cylindrical; flow 

 en white, often greenish or tinged with rose-color, In corymbose racemes, 01 

 panicles ; stamens 8 ; styles 8 ; fruit longer than tho calyx. A very 

 grain, which remains In fields as a weed, where It has been cultivated. Th 

 flowers are furnished with 8 yellow nectaries alternating with the stamens, 

 which are very attractive to the bee*. Stem! ft high. An. 



& RtMEX. 



f-.t\\\ |..T-i-!.'iit. Sepals 6 ; 3 outer united at base, spreading 

 in fruit; 3 inner often bearing granules. Stamens 6. Stylo* 8. 

 Stigmas many-cleft, funning a tuft, Arlionium r.-ani:l.-!. . 

 by the converging, valv<'-lik<<, inner sepal*. 



Flotefri mottty perfect ; tome or all of On inntr ttpalt bearing granlt. 



t leartt lanceolate, acute at froM tndt, 



1. R. vorticill.ifus. Swamp Dock. 



.reel, sparingly branched above; leaves oblong-lanoeolate, flat, entire, 

 acute, pale green, long and narrow ; flowers In crowded whorls, forming long, 

 nearly leafless racemes; pedicels dilated above, reflexed In fruit, several time* 

 longer than the calyx valve*, strongly reticulate, somewhat obtuse, all bearing 

 large granule*. An aquatic specie*, moat common In the northern di>i 



.ml N. York, distinguished by IU long, narrow leave*, and aim 

 less racemes. Stem 28 ft high. Mnddy grounds. June. Per. 



2. II. Hydrolapathum. Great Water-Dock. 



tall, stout, branching ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute, wavy on U>* 

 margin, on flat petiole*; flower* greenish, on capillary pedicels, nodding. In 

 whorls, foaming upright racemes, the whole combined In a large, compound, 

 terminal, and nearly leafless panicle; calyx-valve* ovate, obtuse, all bearing 

 granules. A stout aquatic species. .V- ft high, In wet place*, and, like tbo 



