198 ORDER CXVI. PLATANACEJv BUTTONWOOD-FAMILY. ORUKi: ( XVII. i:TRICAC M.TII.K-TBIBE. 



8. S. cordate. Heart-leaved Willow. 



Leaves lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate, sharply serrate, acuminate, truncate 

 or cordate at base, smooth, paler beneath ; stipule* renlfonn, dentate, some- 

 times very large and as long as the petioles, and sometimes small ; auienu ap- 

 pearing with the hares, furnished with several leafy bracts at base ; scales black 

 or brownish, hairy, persistent ; ovary pedicellate, smooth, lanceolate, acuminate. 

 A common and variable shrub, 415 ft. high, In wet grounds. Tbe leaves vary 

 much In shape and texture, being sometimes narrow and hardly, If at all, trail- 

 cat* or cordate at base. Tbe fertile amenta become 2' 8> long in fruit Tills 

 species Includes several usually described separately. May. 



* * * Amtxtt appearing ajlerthe leatet, and terminating the young Iranoh- 

 Ut> jutt grown, 



9. S. alba. Wliite Willow. 



Leaves lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, more or less silky- 

 pubescent, especially beneath ; stipules lanceolate ; scales yellowish-green, fall- 

 ing before the fruit ripens; stigma short, recurved, sessile. A moderately tall 

 tree, Introduced and naturalized. It Is very variable. The most common va- 

 riety Is Var. VnriLUSA, with long, yellowish shoots. Var. COJKDLU has 

 leaves of a bluish hue, nearly smooth when grown. May June. 



10. S. frdgilis. Brittle Willow. 



Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, smooth beneath, silky when young, st length 

 smooth oinl glaucous beneath, on glandular petioles ; stipules half-cordate. A 

 tall tree, with smooth and polished branches, extremely brittle at base, culti- 

 vated as an ornamental tree, and also for basket-work. It Is very variable. 

 Var. pEciriKXS has the lowest leaves of the branches obovate, obtuse. Var. 

 CCBSBJAXA. has long, bright leaves, and the extremities of shoots of the season, 

 silky-pubescent In late summer and early antumn. . 



11. S. nigra. Black Willow. 



Leaves narrow-lanceolate, acnmhwU, xpcrlng at base, serrate, mostly smooth 

 and green on both tides ; stipules small, deciduous ; amcnts cyllndric, hairy ; sta- 

 mens 8 , bearded at base. Varies with very long and falcate leaves, and 

 large. Innate, reflexed stipules. A small tree with a rough, furrowed, blackish 

 bark. The young shoots are very slender and brittle at base. Common along 

 streams. Mai/ Jane. 



12. S. li\cida. Shining Willow. 



Leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, tapering to a long, slender point, 

 serrate, smooth, and bright shining green on both sides, rather thick and firm 

 in texture; stipules oblong, dentate; ovaries smooth ; stamens mostly 6. A 

 very elegant shrub, distinguished by its stout, yellowish-green branchlets, and 

 Its broad, glossy leaves. Stem a -IS ft high. May June. 



13. S. Babyloniea. 



Weeping Willow. 



Branchlcts very long and slender, drooping ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, 

 smooth, glaucous beneath; stipules roundish-oblique, acuminate; ovaries ses- 

 sile, ovate, smooth. A beautiful tree, universally cultivated, and distinguished 

 by Its long, drooping branches. There Is a variety with the leaves curled into 

 circle or ring. 



9. P6PCLUS. 



Amenta cylindrical. Bracts fringed and lobed nt apex, flow- 

 ers on an oblique, turbinate disk. Stamens 8 30. Style very 

 abort. Stigma long, bifid. Amcnts drooping and preceding tbe 

 leaves. Trttt. 



1. P. tremuloides. American Aspen. White 



Poplar. 



Leaves rounded-cordate, abruptly acuminate, dentate, smoott . . both sides, 

 pubescent on the margin, dark green, on flattened petioles ; scaliu of the ament 

 cut Into several linear segments, fringed with hairs. A common tree In forests, 

 with a smooth, whlthh bark. Tbe thin, dilated petioles, being acted on by the 

 slightest disturbance of the air, keep the leaves In continual motion. April. 



2. P. grandidentata. Large Poplar. 



Leaves roundish-ovate, acute, dentate, with large, unequal, sinuate teeth, 

 white-downy beneath" when young, at length smooth on both sides; scales of 

 tbe ament rut Into several small, unequal segments, scarcely fringed with hairs. 

 A larger tree than the hut, common In woods. Its leaves are destitute of the 

 tnBbUaf notion peculiar to the last April. 



3. P. candtcans Balm of Gilead. 



Learn cordate-ovate, acuminate, serrate, whitish brn-ath, with reticulated 



veins and hairy petioles, dark-green ; bnds reslnoos. A tree of medium size, 

 common In cultivation, and about houses. Tbe young branches are round, and 

 tbe bark Is smooth and greenish. April 



4. P. dilatata. Lombard]/ 7V, 



Leaves deltoid, acuminate, smooth, serrate, as broad as long; trunk fur- 

 rowed. A tall tree, of regular, pyramidal growth, common In cultivation as a 

 shade tree. April. 



5. P. alba. Silrcr-lcaf Poplar. 



Leaves broad, cordate-ovate, acuminate, lobed and toothed, dark 

 green above, clothed below with dense, white, silky pubescence ; fertile arm-in- 

 ovate ; stigmas 4. A largo tree of rapid growth, cultivated for ornamental pur- 

 poses. It derives Its beauty from the contrast between the upper and under 

 sides 'of the leaves. April. 



ORDER CXVI. Plut;ui;lee;p. JJi/t ton-wood- 



family. 



1. PLAT ANUS. 



Barren flowers consisting of numerous stamens, with t-nmll 

 scales intermixed. Fertile flowers in separate iiinciiU; 

 clavate, angular; style filiform, simple. Acheniii eori: 

 clothed with reddish hairs below, 1-sceded. Trect. 



1. P. occidentiilis. Buttonwood. 



Leaves large, angular, with acute lobes, downy beneath wlu-n > 

 length smooth; flowers greenish, In dense, globular beads, on long, drooping 

 peduncles. A very large and noble tree, with whitish branches. The bark 

 scales off In large plates, discovering the white surface beneath, and giving a 

 mottled appearance to the tree. The globular beads of fruit remain attached 

 most of the winter. 



ORDER CXVIL Urticaceae. Nettl(-trih. 



SYNOPSIS OF THE GENERA. 



SCBORDEK I. 



Trees or shrubs with alternate leaves and milky juice, producing fleshy fruits 

 1. Mdsus. Fertile flowers in a dense, ovoid or oblong spike, forming a 

 smooth, compound berry. 



rs. Flowers arranged on the inside of an obovoid, fleshy, closed re- 

 ceptacle. 



oiiDKi: II. Outtubinw. 



Herbs with opposite stipulate leaves, and a watery juice. Stylos 3. 

 8. CANNATHS. Krect herbs. Barren flowers In cymose panicles. 



. 



4. lithiums. Twining herbs. Barren flowers In axillary panicle*. 

 In strobile-like amcnts. 



Scnoi:i>i:i: III. l'r: 

 Herbs with opposite or alternate leaves and a watery J - single, 



IS. I? BTtCA. Calyx of the fertile flower* with S 4 distinct segments. Sling- 

 Ing herbs. 



r.t. Calyx of the fertile flowers with 8 distinct segments, and with 8 

 rudimentary stamens In the form of cucullate scales at base. Smooth, suc- 

 culent herbs. 



T. BoimiaiA. Calyx of the fertile flowers tubular, entire, or with 4 lobes. 



1. M&BCS. 



Flowers monoocions or diorvi'ms tl- diircn-nt kin. U in 

 r:iti> ^pikes. Calyx 4-partcd. Stamens .). Slyl.- -j. 

 ovate, compressed, contained within the H< -liv calyx, the whole 

 forming an oblong, juicy, berry-like fruit Tree*. 



1. M. rubra. 



Red MuUn //(/. 



Leaves rough-pubescent benentli, cordate or rounded at base, acuminate, 

 entire, 8 several-loins! ; flowers Mn.ill. often (llcrelotin ; fruit dark-red, sweetish. 

 A small tree, not miromnion in X. Kng.,bnt frequent Westward ami .Southward. 

 May. 



2. M. alba. Whit, M,il/ H rri/. 



Lt-avri oval*-, cordate ntul ob!l<|uc at (ia-t , um-.jiiiilh -< rniU-, uHcii lotwd, 

 nearly or quite smooth; flowers greenish, In small, rotirxlisti, pedunculate 

 cluntern; frolt ycllowWi -white, *- IpUL A -small ti. r, fiv.jnpnt ii 



