ORDEISCXXIIl. ALISMACEJ5 WATKB-PLANTAIN-FAM. ORDER CXXV. ORCTirDACE-E ORCniS-FAM. 



5. P. perfoliatua. Clasping Pond-wetd. 



branching dlcbotomooaly ; leave* alternate, ovate or lance-ovate, 

 i broad-ovate, obtuse, cordate and clxplng at base ; iplkc purplish, 

 loosely-flowered, on * abort peduncle. A common species In stagnant waters, 

 distinguished by 1U almost perfollale leaves. Stem varying In length accord- 

 ing to tb Jcpth of watr. July Aug. 



ORDER CXXIII. Alismacese. Water- 

 Pldntain-famHy. 



1. ALlSMA. 



Flowers perfect Stamens 6. Ovaries numerous, arranged 

 in a circle. Achenia compressed, coriaceous. 



1. A. Plantago. Water Plantain. 



Leaves oral or orate, varying to oblong, or even lanceolate, acuminate, on 

 long petioles, 8-9-nerved; flowers In a loots, verUclllately-branchlng panicle ; 

 petals unall, deciduous, white, with a purpllih tinge, longer than the green 

 sepals. A Terr common plant In wet ground*, with smooth leaves somewhat 

 resembling those of the common Plantain. The scape terminates In a long, 

 compound panicle, and grows 12 ft high. July Aug. Per. 



2. SAGITTABIA. 



Flowers monoecious, rarely dioocious. Stamens numerous. 

 Ovaries many, aggregated in a spherical head, and forming in 

 fruit a globose head of compressed, winged achenia. Per. 



1. S. sagittifolia. Arrowhead. 



Scape simple, sheathed at base by the petioles, acanlesccnt ; flowers In ver- 

 ticils of S; sterile ones at the summit of the scape, fertile ones below; petals 

 white; leaves extremely variable, generally triangular with sagittate lobes, 

 varying from rery broad to very narrow. In this state the scape Is 1 2 ft 

 high, and the petioles nearly as long. In oilier forms, which grow especially 

 In muddy grounds that are frequently overflowed, the leaves are oval or oblong, 

 with thick, spongy petioles, and sometimes nothing but petioles. In this state 

 the plant Is 8' 12' high, with the petioles and scape often very large and thick 

 for the size of the plant Again, the leave* are linear, and the scape and peti- 

 oles very slender. The height of this variety varies from 2 1 12'. Common 

 In wet grounds. June July. 



8. TRIGLOCIIIN. 



Sepals and ]>etals nearly alike, concave, greenish, deciduous. 

 Stamens 6. Filaments very short Anthers large, oval. Pistils 

 3 6, forming a comfiound ovary of 86 cells. Stigmas sessile. 

 Capsule olavate, dividing at length into 3 6 indehiscent, 1- 

 seeded carpels. 



I. T. maritimum. Arrow- grass. 



Scape naked, fleshy, angled; leaves very narrowly linear, fleshy, semi 

 cyllndrlc, shorter than the scape ; flowers small, green, pedicellate, arranged In 

 a long, loose raceme, deMHuti of bracts; fruit ovate, composed of 6 carpels, 

 rounded at base. A little rush-llko |lant, xnimon In salt marshes. Scapes 

 8' 15' high, arising from creeping rulzomw Aug. Per. 



ORDER C'X \ V. Orchidilceae. Orchid-family. 



SYNOPSIS OF THE GENERA. 



Up with a spur at i.n-i- ,1 i~i in. t from the ovary. 



a. (jacnav Anther-cells parallel. Pollen-granules united to furm 2 large 

 maases attached by pedicels to the glands of the stigma, which are Inclosed la a 

 little hood. Flowers on a scape. 



4. GrvXADtxtA. Anther-calls parallel. Pollen-manes 2, pedicellate, at- 

 tached to the) glands of the stigma, which are not Inclosed In any hood or 

 eoTPriiK. Stem leafy. 



<rA*TuiA. Anther-cells divergent it base. Pollen-masses pedicel- 

 late, attached to the 2 glan<ta of the stigma, which are not Inclosed In a hood. 

 Stem leafy. 



i.ip not Inflated. Spur iiioull) abirnt, 

 prevent cohering to thr top of lliu ovary. 

 t Lip not brnr.l. .1. 



8|mrnon * 



5. CoiAixowlz*. Petals nearly oblong. Up usually with a short spm 

 adherent to the top of the ovary. Pollen-masses 4, oblique. Plants destttnU 

 of green herbage. 



9. SrmiMTi.a. Uptapering to a abort claw, and furnished with 2 calloni 

 processes Just above the claw. Column arching, on a abort, oblique pedioaL 

 t'ollen-maases 2. Flowers mostly In spiral spikes. 



10. GooDTiniA. Lip sessile, saccate at base, enure. Column straight Pol- 

 len-masses 2. Leaves reticulated. 



Lip brardl. 



6. AasnifaA. Sepals and petals united at base. Lip on the lower side of 

 the flower. Pollen-masses 4, 2 In each of the 2 anther-cells, made up of little 

 grains. Scape mostly leafless In flower, afterward 1 -leaved. 



7. P.Hic'.M A. Petals and sepsis distinct at base. Lip on the lower sMe of 

 the flower. Column not winged at apex Pollen-masses S, 1 in each ceil, farl- 







8. CALornr.ox. Petals and sepals dMlnct at base. Lip on the upper side 

 of the flower, bearded near the summit, tapering to a claw. Column winged at 

 apex. Leaf 1, grass-like. 



* Lip Inflated. 



11. Crnutpiniuji. Lip a large. Inflated, reticulated sac. 



I. LlPAEIS. 



Sepals nearly equalling the petals. Petals linear, or filiform. 

 Lip spreading, flat Column elongated, winged at v\ 

 curved. Pollen-masses 4, parallel to each other. 



1. L. lilifolia. Ttray-llade. 



A caulescent ; leaves 2, ovate, sheathing at base ; petals filiform, reflexed ; 

 lip obovate, abruptly acute, large, brownish-purple. A low plant, with a sim- 

 ple scape arising from a solid bulb, and bearing a slender raceme of a few rather 

 large, purplish flowers. Scape 2' 8' high. Not rare In moist woods, especially 

 in the Middle States. Jane. 



2. COP.ALLORIllZA. 



Sepals and petals nearly equal ; lateral ones erect ; upper 

 vaulted. Lips spreading and recurved, usually |.ro.luee.l behind 

 into a short spur, which adheres to the top of the ovary, pollen- 

 minnrn 4, oblique to each other. Leaflet*. 



1. C. multiflora. Coral-root. 



Scape many-flowered ; Up cnneate, oval, 8-lobed, spotted with bright pur- 

 ple; middle lobe recurved, much longer than tho lateral, tootli-1 

 conspicuous; capsule and ovary oblong. A curious, leafless plant, 1218' 

 high, witli a brownish-purple scape, furnished with a few bracts and rather 

 large, brownish flowers. The scape arise.' from a creeping, very branching and 

 much-toothed rhlzoma, resembling somewhat pieces of coral. Common In rich 

 woods ; probably parasitic on the roots of trees. July Aug. 



8. 6 EC II IS. 



Flower ringcnt Sepals and petals nearly equal, most of them 

 converging and vaulted. Lip depressed, attached to the base of 

 the column, and terminating in a spur distinct from tin- owiry. 

 Anthers all parallel, close together. Pollen in email grain 

 bincd in 2 large masses, cadi pedicellate. ami atin.-h.-.l to the 

 base of the 2 glands of the stigma, which are both inclosed in a 

 little covering, or hood. 



1. 0. spect&bilis. Shorn/ Orchis. 



Acaulescent; scape low, with about 5 acute angles; leaves few, i, 

 nearly as long as the scape, oblong-obovate, somewhat thick in texture, of a 

 shining green ; flowers Urge, few, showy ; bracts lanceolate, acute, large and 

 leaf-like ; petals and sepals arched, mostly pink, rarely white ; lip v, liltr, . n 

 tire; spur obtuse, white. A very pretty and showy little p'ant, 8' high, com 

 mon In rich, rocky woods. May. 



4. GTUNADfcNIA. 



Flower ringent Sepals and petals nearly equal, mostly con 

 verging and vaulted. I.ip ilcprc-'d, attached to the base of tin 

 column, tcrniinalini! in a f\ir <litinct IV.. in the ovary. Author 

 cells parallel. ]'<illcn-nian.-cs _'. p. .lir. Hate, attached to the U 

 glands of the stigma, which are naked, and not contained in any 

 i ng. 



1. G. tridentata Naked Orchis. 



Stem slender, bearing a comparatively large, oblong or oblong-ovate, obtuse 

 leaf toward the base, and several smaller ones resembling bracts above ; flower! 

 small, greenish, rather numerous, In a short, oblong spike : lip truncate, 8- 

 toothed, cuneate-oblong ; spur slender, curved upward, clavatc, longer than 

 the ovary. A slender plant, lltlngtilIie<l by Its Mngle, large, nearly rsillMl 



