26 



ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION. 



the Bishop of Calcutta and the Bengal govern- 

 ment with respect to a scheme for relieving 

 the state of the charge for chaplains at the 

 presidency towns and some of the larger Mo- 

 fussil stations ; and it is stated that the opin- 

 ion is growing that the time has come when 

 the civil members of the English Church in 

 India may fairly be asked to support their own 

 clergy, leaving the state to provide for the 

 spiritual need of the army. 



The Anglican bishops in South Africa, in 

 February, 1870, held a provincial synod to 

 consider the constitution and canons of the Cape 

 Church, which has selected the title of "The 

 Church of the Province of South Africa." The 

 chief discussion was on the question whether 

 Bishop Gray (the Metropolitan) was to receive 

 the title of archbishop or not. After a long de- 

 bate, it was decided that his duties assimilate to 

 those of an archbishop, but that he should for 

 the present be known as the Metropolitan. 

 Bishop Colenso delivered a long address at 

 the fifth session of the Church council of his 

 diocese on May 31st. It consisted for the most 

 part of comments on the new " Church of the 

 Province of South Africa" an organization 

 severed, as the speaker said, from the mother 

 Church of England, and governed by rules 

 which are in some respects directly at variance 

 with the laws of that Church. Addresses to 

 the Archbishops of Canterbury and York were 

 adopted. A new missionary bishop was ap- 

 pointed for Madagascar. A correspondence 

 took place between the Metropolitan of Cape- 

 town and the Archbishop of Canterbury con- 

 cerning the consecration of the Rev. Mr, 

 Webb for the vacant Orange Free State 

 bishopric. The Archbishop of Canterbury 

 insisted on the new prelate taking the oath of 

 allegiance to him as English Primate, and not 

 to the Metropolitan of Capetown. Bishop Gray 

 objected that it would put it in the power of 

 his new suffragan to create another Colenso 

 scandal by making appeals to a court that 

 disclaims having author! ty*over un established 

 churches. The matter was settled by causing 

 Bishop Webb to be consecrated by one of the 

 bishops of Scotland. 



The attempt to make the Anglican Church 

 a state Church in the Sandwich Islands, under 

 the new name, "The Reformed Catholic 

 Church," has met with a severe check. The 

 members of the only church which has been 

 established the Cathedral Church in Hono- 

 lulu rebelled against their church rulers, and 

 the ritualistic services which had been intro- 

 duced. As a consequence, Bishop Staley re- 

 turned to England, and tendered to the Arch- 

 bishop of Canterbury his resignation as Bishop 

 of Honolulu. 



ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION, a re- 

 public in South America. President from 1868 

 to 1874, Domingo F. Sarmiento, born, 1811, at 

 San Juan, and descended from an ancient no- 

 ble family of Spain. In consequence of the part 

 he took in the civil war in his country, he was 



obliged in 1831 to flee into Chili, Avhence he 

 returned in 1836. In 1840, he had to leave 

 his country a second time, and was well re- 

 ceived in Chili by President Manuel Montt. 

 He devoted himself chiefly to the establish- 

 ment of schools and newspapers, and for three 

 years was the principal of a normal school. 

 During a journey through the United States 

 and Europe which he undertook as the com- 

 missioner of the Chilian Government, he 

 gained the friendship of many prominent men, 

 like Guizot, Horace Mann, Alexander Hum- 

 boldt, etc. In 1857 he joined General Urquiza 

 in his war against the dictator Rosas, and took 

 part in the great victory of Urquiza at Monte 

 Caseros. After the overthrow of the rule of 

 Rosas, he was appointed at Buenos Ayres In- 

 spector-General of Schools, and labored in this 

 position with great zeal and success for the 

 diffusion and elevation of popular instruction. 

 In 1860 he was appointed Senator and a mem- 

 ber of the Cabinet; in 1862, Governor of San 

 Juan ; in 1864, ambassador of the Argentine 

 Confederation to the United States. He pub- 

 lished after his return from Europe, in 1847, a 

 work on "Popular Education; " and in later 

 years a biography of Lincoln, a work on the 

 public schools of the United States, and others. 

 Ho is generally regarded as one of the most 

 cultivated statesmen of South America, and 

 as President has been chiefly intent upon in- 

 troducing good public schools into all the com- 

 munities of the republic, and upon encoura- 

 ging immigration. 



The following table is an abstract from the 

 latest official documents concerning the area 

 and population of the republic. The figures of 

 the areal extent are taken from the Eejistro 

 Estadfotico de la Republica Argentina, while 

 the population is given according to the official 

 census of 1869. The provincial capitals have 

 the same name as the provinces (with the ex- 

 ception of Entre Rios, the capital of which is 

 Concepcion) : 



To the above number of inhabitants must be 

 added : 1. An army of 6,220 men, who were 

 engaged in the war against Paraguay at the 

 time the census was tnken. Besides, the re- 

 public claims the following territories: 2. 

 Gran Chaco Argentine, with an area of 260,- 

 613 square miles, and 45,000 inhabitants; 3. 



