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BAENES, ALBEET. 



BAENES, Eev. ALBERT, D. D., an Ameri- 

 can clergyman, scholar, and author, born in 

 Eome, N. Y., December 1, 1798; died in Phil- 

 adelphia, Pa., December 24, 1870. Mr. Barnes's 

 father was a tanner, and he was employed in 

 the same business until he was seventeen years 

 of age, when he commenced preparing for 

 college. He graduated from Hamilton College, 

 Clinton, N. Y., in 1820, with high honors, and in 

 the autumn of the same year entered Princeton 

 Theological Seminary, where he passed through 

 the usual seminary course. He was licensed 

 to preach in 1824, and in February, 1825, was 

 ordained pastor of the Presbyterian Church in 

 Morristown, N. J. He remained in this charge 

 for five years, and was remarkably successful 

 in promoting the growth and extending the 

 Influence of his church. In 1830 he was called 

 to the pastorate of the First Presbyterian 

 Church in Philadelphia, and remained its pas- 

 tor until the close of 1868, when he resigned in 

 consequence of infirm health. His eloquence 

 and fervor as a preacher were early recognized 

 in Philadelphia, and when, in 1834, it began 

 to be evident that there were two parties in 

 the Presbyterian Church, holding different 

 views as to the meaning and binding force of 

 the standards of the Church (the Westminster 

 Assembly's Confession of Faith and Exposition 

 of Doctrine), Mr. Barnes at once took a 

 prominent place among the leaders of the 

 " New Side," or, as it was subsequently called, 

 the " New-School " party. His prominence in 

 this cause was greatly enhanced by his being 

 personally put upon trial on a charge of heresy, 

 preferred by partisans of the " Old School," 

 and of which, after great excitement, he was 

 adjudged guilty by the majority, which favored 

 the " Old-School " views. This action led to 

 the disruption, in 1887, the New-School party, 

 on the excision of four synods holding its doc- 

 trines, withdrawing, and forming a New-School 

 Presbyterian General Assembly. Of this body 

 Mr. Barnes was often a member, and always 

 prized as one of its ablest and most devoted min- 

 isters. His public labors were connected with 

 that branch of the Presbyterian denomination 

 throughout his active life ; but he had the 

 satisfaction of seeing, by the action of the two 

 General Assemblies (Old and New School) in 

 1868 and 1869, a gradual and complete recon- 

 ciliation effected, and in the autumn of 1870 a 

 perfect reunion consummated in the city where 

 he had so long dwelt, and no one of the minis- 

 ters of either branch rejoiced more heartily 

 in the result than did Dr. Barnes, who had, 

 from the circumstances in which he was placed, 

 been one of the moving causes of the disrup- 

 tion. While yet a pastor at Morristown, he 

 commenced that course of careful study and 

 exposition of the New Testament in his morn- 

 ing discourses which resulted in the publica- 

 tion of his "Notes on the New Testament " in 

 eleven volumes, the most popular exposition 

 extant (over a million volumes having been 

 sold up to 1869). He subsequently carried the 



BAVAEIA. 



same system of exposition into the treatment 

 of the books of Job, Isaiah, Daniel, and finally, 

 in 1868, of the Psalms. Meanwhile, notwith- 

 standing the cares of a city pastorate, which 

 he never neglected, he economized his time for 

 other literary and philanthropic labors. He 

 early took a decided stand, both from the pul- 

 pit and in his writings, against the injustice 

 of slavery, and published his "Inquiry into 

 the Scriptural Views of Slavery," and "The 

 Church and Slavery," at a period when the 

 views he held were very unpopular. Other 

 theological and controversial topics were han- 

 dled by him with great ability. Among these 

 we may mention a very able treatise on 

 "Episcopacy," " The Atonement in its Eela- 

 tions to Law and Moral Government," " Evi- 

 dences of Christianity," and a "Life of St. 

 Paul." Several other narrative and biographical 

 works, and numerous published sermons and 

 addresses, were among the results of the in- 

 dustry of this patient and indefatigable student 

 and preacher. His "Notes on the New Testa- 

 ment" were republished and largely sold in 

 Great Britain, and translated into French, 

 German, and Chinese. He had received the 

 honorary degree of D. D. from two or three 

 colleges in the United States and at least one 

 foreign university, and, notwithstanding his re- 

 peated disclaimers of the title from conscien- 

 tious motives, it had adhered to his name. 



BAETLEY, MOEDEOAI, an eminent citizen 

 and pioneer of Ohio, prominent for many years 

 in public life ; born in Fayette County, Pa., 

 September 17, 1786 ; died in Mansfield, Ohio, 

 October 10, 1870. He removed to Ohio in 

 1809, served in the War of 1812 in the North- 

 west, under General Harrison, as captain and 

 adjutant. In 1814 he settled in Eichland 

 County, and remained there till 1834, when he 

 removed to Mansfield, and engaged in mercan- 

 tile pursuits. In 1817 Mr. Bartley was elected 

 to the Ohio Senate, and in 1818 chosen, by the 

 Legislature, Eegistrar of the Land-Office of Vir- 

 ginia Military District School Lands; in 1823 

 he resigned his registrarship, having been elect- 

 ed member of Congress, his district comprising 

 a large portion of Northern and Western Ohio, 

 including Cleveland and Sandusky City, and 

 extending to the southern border of Eichland 

 County. He remained in Congress eight years, 

 and declined a reflection. In 1844 he was elect- 

 ed Governor of Ohio on the Whig ticket, over 

 the late David Tod, by a small majority. He 

 declined a second term, and retired to private 

 life. He remained a stanch and active Whig 

 until the final disruption of that party, and 

 subsequently acted heartily with the Eepub- 

 lican party. He left behind him a reputation 

 for strict honor and sterling integrity which 

 none had ever called in question. 



BAVAEIA, a kingdom in South Germany. 

 King, Ludwig II., born August 25, 1845 ; suc- 

 ceeded his father, Maximilian II., on March 

 10, 1864 ; heir- apparent, his brother, Otto, 

 born April 27, 1848. Prime-minister (since 





