246 DOMINION OF CANADA. 



DUDLEY, BENJAMIN W. 



Australia coins for herself; Dominion green- 

 backs are manufactured at Ottawa ; why not 

 its gold, silver, and copper money ? An impor- 

 tant commission has lately been appointed by 

 the Dominion Government to communicate 

 with the respective Boards of Trade, and oth- 

 erwise to obtain evidence respecting the ne- 

 cessity and cost of enlarging the present canals 

 and constructing new ones. It is generally ex- 

 pected that they will recommend an Ottawa ca- 

 nal, extending to Georgian Bay on Lake Huron, 

 as a means of lessening the navigable distance 

 between tide-water and lake ports, and thus 

 avoiding the present circuitous route, via Lakes 

 Huron, Erie, and Ontario. The Intercolonial 

 Eailway, commenced in the latter part of 1869 

 the first direct result of consolidation is 

 progressing with a rapidity that promises com- 

 pletion in 1872. Before winter weather set 

 in, not less than 7,000 men were engaged upon 

 it, at a monthly cost of nearly $300,000. An- 

 other decided step in the direction of " a new 

 nationality " has recently been taken by the 

 Imperial Government in the withdrawal of 

 the troops from the North- American colonies. 

 "West of the city of Quebec, the Dominion is 

 at this moment without a single regular soldier, 

 and the few remaining in and around the old 

 fortresses of the Canadian Gibraltar will have 

 disappeared with the handing over, in a short 

 time, of the barracks and other property hith- 

 erto used for military purposes, to the Dominion 

 authorities. Sono laroni genti, said the old 

 Greek, when he saw the last British man-of- 

 war bearing away the last British soldier from 

 the Ionian Islands. Adesso siama liberi, joy- 

 fully exclaimed a young man who was looking 

 on at the same eventful moment. 



Much concern was felt in the Dominion con- 

 sequent upon the remark in the last message of 

 the President of the United States, commencing 

 with the words, " The course pursued by the 

 Canadian authorities toward the fishermen of 

 the United States, during the past season, has 

 not been marked by a friendly feeling." Under 

 confederation the fisheries have been a pet 

 question, and in a book of authority it is an- 

 nounced that effective measures have been 

 taken to remove the long-standing abuses under 

 which they have suffered. That the United 

 States Government should consider that they 

 are the victims of abuse is a source of amaze- 

 ment to Canadians in high places, and much 

 feeling, together with much argument, has ac- 

 .cordingly found vent in a pamphlet of nearly 

 one hundred pages, issued from the Depart- 

 ment of the Minister of Marine. 



Death, in its fell swoop, did not spare Canada 

 in the year 1870. Archbishop Baillangcon, of 

 Quebec, a prelate of saintly character, and as 

 such esteemed by all parties, passed to his re- 

 ward. Mr. A. S. Eitchie, and Mr. Edward 

 Hartley, men of science, one in connection 

 with the Natural History Society, the other 

 with the Geological Survey of Canada, also 

 ceased their labors. Chancellor Blake, of On- 



tario, whose great services as a statesman and 

 a judge extended beyond a quarter of a cen- 

 tury, was overcome by disease, which had its 

 origin in unceasing professional toil; and it 

 is announced that an eminent lawyer of Que- 

 bec, Henry Stuart, Esq., Q. C., nephew of the 

 late Chief-Justice Stuart, is dead ; also the 

 widow of the late Hon. Thomas D'Arcy McGee, 

 a lady of high character, endeared to the com- 

 munity of Montreal, not more by the sorrow 

 of years than by a disposition of singular 

 amiability and benevolence. 



The Executive of the Dominion of Canada 

 continues to be constituted as during last year. 

 The Governor-General, then Sir John Young, 

 has been created a Peer of Great Britain and 

 Ireland, under the title of Lord Lisgar, taken 

 from one of his estates in Ireland. 



DUDLEY, BENJAMIN WINSIOW, M. D., LL. 

 D., an eminent surgeon, surgical professor, and 

 author, born in Spottsylvania County, Ya., 

 in 1785 ; died in Lexington, Ky., January 20, 

 1 870. His parents removed to Kentucky when 

 he was a child, and he enjoyed exceptionally 

 good advantages for early education, entered 

 Transylvania University at Lexington in 1799 

 and graduated in 1803, with the highest hon- 

 ors of his class. He then studied medicine in 

 Philadelphia, attending the lectures of the 

 University of Pennsylvania, from which ho 

 received his medical diploma in 1806. Not 

 satisfied with the opportunities offered for 

 studying his profession in the United States at 

 that time, after some further study and hospi- 

 tal practice in Philadelphia, Dr. Dudley sailed 

 in 1810 for Europe and became a pupil of 

 Abernethy, the elder Cline, and Cooper, in 

 London, and of Baron Larrey, Dubois, and 

 Boyer, in Paris. After four years of careful 

 study, observation, and hospital practice, by 

 which he had become one of the most skilful 

 operators in the great hospitals of Europe, the 

 young surgeon returned home, and in July, 

 1814, opened an office in Lexington, Ky. His 

 reputation had preceded him, and he did not 

 find it necessary to wait for patients. He was 

 speedily recognized as the ablest surgeon west 

 of the Alleghanies, and in some operations his 

 skill and success gave him a reputation inferior 

 to that of no surgeon in the world. He was 

 called, on the organization of the Medical De- 

 partment of Transylvania University, to the 

 chair of surgery in that institution, and filled 

 it with remarkable ability. He also published 

 a number of medical essays and reports of 

 cases, which attracted much attention both in 

 Europe and America. Though perfectly con- 

 versant with all the operations of surgery, and 

 in all cases a skilful and admirable operator, 

 Dr. Dudley had made the surgical treatment 

 of calculus in the bladder his specialty. The 

 difficult and often dangerous operation of li- 

 thotomyhe had performed nearly three hundred 

 times, and with the loss of less than three per 

 cent, of his cases, a success entirely unprece- 

 dented elsewhere. His practice in these cases 



