450 LONGSTREET, AUGUSTUS B. 



LONGSTREET, AUGUSTUS BALDWIN, LL. D., 

 an American jurist, college president, and au- 

 thor, born in Augusta, Ga., September 22, 

 1790; died at Oxford, Miss., September 9, 

 1870. He was a son of William Longstreet, a 

 distinguished inventor, and was early sent to 

 school ; but his attention was easily diverted 

 from his studies, and his progress was slow in 

 consequence until his association with George 

 McDuffie, in his school, gave him a new stimu- 

 lus. In 1813 he graduated at Yale College, 

 and after a course of law in^Litchfield, Conn., 

 was admitted to practice in the Superior 

 Court of Kichmond County, Ga., in 1815. 

 Shortly after his admission to the bar, he re- 

 moved to the village of Greensborough, Ga. 

 It was at this period of his life, and in this 

 village, noted for the wit and humor of its so- 

 ciety, and for its charming hospitality, that he 

 first began the inimitable humorous sketches of 

 wild life which have been published to the world 

 as " Georgia Scenes." The room is still shown 

 where Longstreet wrote his " Georgia Scenes," 

 and many tales are handed down by tradition 

 touching his wit and mirth-protoking humor. 

 In the year 1822 he was the representative of 

 Greene County in the General Assembly of 

 Georgia. In 1821 he was appointed Judge of 

 the Superior Court for the Ocmulgee Circuit, 

 and acquired the title of judge, which never 

 afterward forsook him. In 1824, having re- 

 turned to Augusta, and begun the full prac- 

 tice of his profession, he became a candidate 

 for Congress from that district. In the midst 

 of the canvass, with every prospect of success, 

 the sudden death of one of his children afflict- 

 ed him so sorely as to induce him to withdraw 

 from the contest, and impressed him so serious- 

 ly as to cause him to desire to enter the 

 Christian ministry. In 1838 he was received 

 by the Conference as a minister in the Meth- 

 odist Episcopal Church, and assigned for the 

 following year, with the Rev. Caleb W. Key, to 

 the pastorate of the church at Augusta, and 

 discharged faithfully the ministrations of his 

 office throughout the duration of the terrible 

 scourge which swept the city that year as a 

 malignant epidemic. In 1839 Judge Long- 

 street was elected President of Emory Col- 

 lege. Subsequently he filled the same chair in 

 the Centenary College, in Louisiana, in the 

 University of South Carolina, and in the Uni- 

 versity of Mississippi. The latter position he 

 held at the outbreak of the war. From an 

 early period of life he was accustomed to write 

 for newspapers, magazines, and reviews; and 

 many of his speeches before literary societies, 

 charges to juries, and sermons, have been pub- 

 lished. His inaugural address on assuming the 

 presidency of Emory College, his baccalaureate 

 to the graduating class of the South Carolina 

 College (1858), and a sermon on " Infidelity " 

 before the Young Men's Christian Association, 

 are among his best efforts. In politics, Judge 

 Longstreet was an ardent State-rights man. 

 His vigorous pen, under the signature of " Bob 



LOPEZ, FRANCISCO S. 



Short," exerted a powerful influence in the 

 days of nullification. It was during this heated 

 term in politics that he established and edited 

 the Augusta Sentinel, which ultimately be- 

 came absorbed and consolidated with the Au- 

 gusta Chronicle, under the title of the Chron- 

 icle and Sentinel, in 1838. Among his most 

 noted efforts are his "Letters from Georgia to 

 Massachusetts," "Letters to Clergymen of the 

 Northern Methodist Church," speech in the 

 Louisville Convention upon organizing the 

 Southern Methodist Church, and a "Review 

 of the Decision of the Supreme Court in the 

 Case of McCulloch . The State of Maryland." 

 Besides his humorous works, well known to 

 the public, the " Georgia Scenes," and " Mas- 

 ter William. Mitten ; or, the Youth of Brilliant 

 Talents, who was ruined by Bad Luck," many 

 of the periodicals were adorned by the pro- 

 ductions of his classic pen, and his contribu- 

 tions are to be found in the Magnolia Maga- 

 zine, Southern Quarterly, Southern Literary 

 Messenger, the Methodist Quarterly, and otticrs. 

 At the time of his death he was a regular con- 

 tributor to the Nineteenth Century. 



LOPEZ, FRANCISCO SOLANO, Dictator and 

 President of the Republic of Paraguay, a South 

 American ruler, born in Asuncion, July 24, 

 1831 ; killed in battle on the left bank of the 

 Aquidavan River, March 1, 1870. His parents 

 were Charles Antonio Lopez (who, a short time 

 after the death of the tyrant Francia, suc- 

 ceeded him in power), and Donna Joana Ca- 

 millo. In 1849, during the war with Rosas, 

 he was ordered by his father, with an army of 

 10,000 men, to devastate the missions of Corri- 

 entes, which he did in the most pitiless man- 

 ner, being then only eighteen years of age, and 

 having the rank of general. In 1852 he was 

 accredited envoy extraordinary to the various 

 European courts. At this time he was only 

 twenty-two years of age. He delayed a year 

 and a half in England, France, Germany, 

 Spain, and Italy, and then returned to South 

 America in 1854, attended by engineers, me- 

 chanics, and artisans, who were employed in 

 the establishment of an arsenal at Asuncion, 

 and the construction of a railway running into 

 the interior of the country. They also accom- 

 plished many other useful works. Well would 

 it have been for Paraguay if Lopez the First 

 had lived twenty years longer to complete, 

 with the aid of his son, the various projects 

 which marked an era of progress so notable 

 during the last years of the old dictator's ad- 

 ministration. He was, without doubt, an 

 absolute chief, but nevertheless a man of pru- 

 dence and large views. It is certain that un- 

 der his government Paraguay reached a degree 

 of advancement which she had not known be- 

 fore. In 1858 a conspiracy was discovered to 

 kill Lopez in the theatre, the result of which 

 was the shooting of the brothers Decoud, and 

 the imprisonment of twenty others. Since the 

 fall of Rosas, in 1852, the navigation of the 

 river Paraguay had been open to all flags, and 



