606 



OREGON. 



PANSLAVISM. 



mestio animals was $7,946,255. Their num- 

 bers were as follows : horses, 49,800 ; mules 

 and asses, 1,560; milch-cows, 79,312; sheep, 

 101,960 ; swine, 112,700 ; young cattle, 140,- 

 500. Cheese was produced to the amount of 

 105,379 pounds, and butter 1,000,159 pounds. 



A railroad has been constructed from Salem, 

 the capital of the State, to Portland, which is 

 its principal commercial emporium, a work 

 which will be of great importance to the de- 

 velopment of the interior. 



The Democrats of Oregon held their con- 

 vention on the 25th of March, and nominated 

 L. F. Grover for Governor, and Joseph H. 

 Slater for member of Congress. In their reso- 

 lutions they declared that the amount of the 

 national debt has been increased more than 

 twofold by the illegal manner in which it Avas 

 created ; that there is neither justice nor wis- 

 dom in the repeated payment of the principal 

 by the continued payment of interest; and 

 that there should be an equitable adjustment 

 of the debt. The other resolutions embody 

 protests against the tyranny of the military 

 and the importation of Chinamen, and declare 

 that the fourteenth and fifteenth amendments 

 ought to be rescinded. 



The Republican Convention was held at 

 Portland, on the 7th of April. Joel Palmer 

 was nominated for Governor, and J. S. Wilson 

 for member of Congress. The platform 

 adopted approves of the policy of the Admin- 

 istration, and declares that no repudiation of 

 the public debt can be tolerated in public places ; 

 denounces all forms of repudiation, opposes any 

 changes in the naturalization laws so as to in- 

 clude Chinese suffrage, and recommends uni- 

 versal amnesty. 



The election occurred on the 6th of June, 



and resulted in the choice of the Democratic 

 candidates. The total vote cast for Governor 

 was 22,821, of which Grover received 11,726, 

 ane Palmer 11,095, making the majority of the 

 former 631. Slater's majority for Congress 

 was 843. The other State officers elected 

 were Secretary of State, S. F. Chadwick ; 

 Treasurer, L. Fleischner ; Public Printer, T. 

 Patterson all Democrats. The Legislature 

 has a majority of Democrats in both branches. 

 The Legislature, which holds its sessions bien- 

 nially, met at Salem on the second Wednesday 

 in September. In his inaugural address the 

 Governor favored immigration from European 

 countries, deprecated the influx of laborers 

 from China, on the ground that their lan- 

 guage, manners, and habits of life, are so di- 

 verse from those of the native population, and 

 incapable of becoming assimilated to them. 

 He also characterized the fifteenth amendment 

 to the Federal Constitution as an unwarrant- 

 able invasion upon the fundamental principles 

 of that instrument, and suggested the propri- 

 ety of calling a convention of the States to 

 restore it to its former condition. 



The Legislature rejected the fifteenth amend- 

 ment, with the declaration that the United 

 States has no authority to interfere with the 

 conditions of suffrage within the boundaries of 

 Oregon, without her consent, and that the na- 

 tional Legislature had sought " by means of 

 an arbitrary majority of votes, acquired by 

 the power of the bayonet, to force upon the 

 several States the so-called fifteenth amend- 

 ment in direct violation of the terms under 

 which the State of Oregon was admitted into 

 their sisterhood of States." A resolution was 

 also adopted protesting against the treaty with 

 China, and requesting its abrogation. 



PANSLAVISM. Panslavism is the name 

 given to a movement which contemplates 

 bringing into a peculiar, compact, social, and 

 political organization all the people of the 

 Slavic stock who live in that part of Eastern 

 Europe which is bounded by the North Sea, 

 the Caucasus, and the Caspian Sea, the Oder 

 and the Elbe, and along the valley of the 

 Danube. These peoples are now existing 

 under various political rules, dwelling in some 

 districts as compact masses, in others scattered 

 among people of other nationalities. The ulti- 

 mate object of the movement is to establish a 

 great Slavic empire, or confederation, of all 

 the Slavic tribes in Europe and Asia. Pan- 

 slavism originated as a national consequence 

 of the erection of the Russian Empire, and its 

 growth in the West of Europe, by which its 

 people were mainly active participants in his- 

 torical events where they had before been only 

 passive spectators. It manifested itself first in 

 literature. Russian writers studied to speak 



of the Slavic world as a collective nation. In 

 1848 the movement for Slavic nationality began 

 to make itself felt to the extreme borders of 

 Southeastern and Eastern Europe. It obtained 

 expression in the Slavic Congress which met 

 in June of that year, and established, as objec- 

 tive points, community of trade between the 

 Slavic peoples, a constant and close assimilation 

 of the Slavic stocks in art and literature, the 

 removal of the rule of foreign nations over 

 Slavic peoples, the establishment of the fed- 

 erative principle in Austria, the erection of an 

 offensive and defensive league among all the 

 Slaves, and held particularly in view the 

 reconciliation of Russia and Poland. Similar 

 aspirations were expressed at the Slavic Con- 

 gress in Moscow in 1867. The Panslavistic 

 idealists overlook the fact that it is only in 

 Russia that the Slavic people live united in a 

 compact mass, while three-eighths of the race 

 dwell in districts which have no territorial 

 connection with that empire, or form part of 



