616 



PEKU. 



ed June 9, 1869). Area, 510,107 square miles. 

 The population, according to a recent statistical 

 report published in Lima, comprised 3,374,000 

 inhabitants, exclusive of the bands of Indians 

 living in the Montana region. Population of 

 the capital, Lima, 121,362. The budget for 

 1870 fixes the revenue at $55,903,875, as fol- 

 lows : 



Guano $40,490,625 



Duties 9,960,000 



Di reef taxes 583,750 



Stamp tax 500,000 



Montepio* 225,000 



Diverse receipts 534,500 



Loan of 1868 8,300,000 



Postal revenue 320,000 



The expenditures consisted of $17,280,006 

 for the ministry of the Interior; $511,279 for 

 the ministry of Foreign Affairs ; $5,790,416 

 for the ministry of Justice and of Public In- 

 struction; $31,516,055 for the ministry of Fi- 

 nance and Commerce ; $8,750,000 for amorti- 

 zation of the debt of 1865 ; $13,338,453 for the 

 ministry of War and Marine ; altogether $77,- 

 186,209, showing a deficit of $21,282,334. 

 The public debt, on January 1, 1869, amounted 

 to 62,225,550 soles, or $77,781,938. The army, 

 in 1869, consisted of 8 battalions of infantry ; 



3 regiments of cavalry ; 1 brigade of mountain- 

 artillery, and 1 squadron of field-artillery 

 total about 8,000 men, under command of 



4 generals of division and 26 . brigadier-gen- 

 erals. These figures do not include the numer- 

 ous companies of the local militia. The navy 

 comprised 1 iron-clad frigate ; 5 monitors ; 1 

 turret-ship ; 1 frigate ; 1 corvette ; 2 steamers ; 

 4 transports, and 6 gunboats, with 2 battalions 

 of marine infantry and 8 battalions of marine 

 militia. The value of the foreign commerce 

 was estimated as follows : 



The principal article for export is guano ; 

 the shipment of guano from the port of Cal- 

 lao alone, in 1869, amounted to 512,557 tons, 

 valued at 20,195,146 silver piasters. Accord- 

 ing to a statistical report, published in Lima, 

 in 1868, the quantity of guano exported from 

 February 19, 1842, until December 31, 1867, 

 consisted of 7,175,194 tons, of an aggregate 

 value of $218,693,625. According to a corre- 

 spondence from Lima, published in the official 

 journal of the French Empire (February 23, 

 1870), the former littoral provinces of Loreto 

 and lea are now departments of the republic ; 

 the name of the littoral province of Callao 

 has been changed into that of constitutional 

 province, and a new littoral province (now the 

 only one) has been constituted under the name 

 of Tarapaca. A new department, called Hua- 



* Montepio means the percentage retained from the 

 salary of each functionary, for tbe creation of a pension 

 fund. 



nuco (with a capital of the same name), was 

 also organized, the territorial divisions of Peru 

 now consisting of 16 departments, 1 littoral 

 province, and 1 constitutional province. The 

 area of the republic is estimated in this report 

 at 506,578 square miles, or 3,529 square miles 

 less than previously recorded. 



The movement of shipping in Peruvian ports 

 in 1869 was as follows: 



Torts. Vesaels entered. 



Callao 2,073 



Arica 212 



Payta 223 



Tons. VesneU cleai 

 1,359,002 2,140 



206,517 218 



181,190 



1,389,046 



208,275 



The merchant navy consisted, in 1861, of 

 110 sailing-vessels, of an aggregate of 24,234 

 tons. The following railroads were in opera- 

 tion in 1870 : from Callao to Lima ; from 

 Lima to Chorillos ; from Tacua to Arica ; 

 from Lima to Chancay, and from Mejia to 

 Arequipa total, 147 miles. The railroads in 

 course of construction were: from lea to 

 Pisco ; from Iquique to La Nona, and from 

 Cerro do Pasco to the mines which fur- 

 nish the material for the founderies at Pasco. 

 Concessions had also been made for the con- 

 struction of the following roads : from Callao 

 to Bellavista ; from Chancay to Huacho ; from 

 Eten to Herenafe ; from Malabrigo to Ascope ; 

 from Callao to La Oroya ; from Arequipa to 

 Puno ; from Chorillos to Pisco, and from Pay- 

 ta to Pierra. The Government had also en- 

 tered into contracts with European capitalists 

 for the construction of railroads from Lima to 

 Pasco ; from Pasco to Golo, and from Jea to 

 Arequipa ; the whole to be constructed under 

 the chief superintendence of the Dutch en- 

 gineer De Quartel. The ports of Callao, Pis- 

 co, Arica, Iquique, and Truxillo, have been re- 

 cently surveyed, and all necessary improve- 

 ments will be made so as to afford increased 

 facilities to navigation. 



During the month of March, intelligence 

 reached Lima of extensive freshets in the prov- 

 ince 'of Sambeyeque. The capital of the prov- 

 ince was overflowed, and over one million dol- 

 lars' worth of property destroyed, while the 

 productive rice-fields had been rendered use- 

 less for the year 1870. Altogether, the dam- 

 age in the province was not less than five mill- 

 ion dollars. 



The republic was steadily advancing to 

 wealth and prosperity, and the general atten- 

 tion was earnestly directed to public works. 

 Throughout the interior, the people were en- 

 grossed in agriculture, in improving the vast 

 haciendas, and in making ready for the time 

 when improved communications will render 

 their occupation at once more profitable and 

 secure. Although unpopular at the outset, 

 especially in the unruly and dangerous sections 

 of the south, the administration of Colonel 

 Balta has succeeded in gaining the general ap- 

 probation of the people, more so than any pre- 

 ceding government of the republic. The Are- 

 quipa railway was completed during the sum- 

 mer, facilitating the transportation of material 



