SALNAVE, SYLVAIN". 



SAN DOMINCO. 



075 



quantity of cotton exported from (' 



in ixii'.i was eleven time* M large M in : 



nearly .-ill tin- cottun raised in Toi.rki-t.-in, Kho- 

 Kliiva, ami Kokhara, is sold to Hus.siaii 

 traders, \vlin pay partly in cash, and the bal- 

 ance in cotton or woollen got ids. The quantity 

 of cotton produced in 1869 reached 120,000,- 

 000 pounds. The cotton raised in Toorl. 

 and I!okharu was generally of excellent quality 

 and staple, but lost much of its intrinsic value 

 by tlio want of proper cleaning, in the absence 

 of the machinery used in other countries for 

 that purpose. These machines were now being 

 imported by the Russians. 



A central Asiatic commercial and steamship 

 company was formed in Juno, with a capital of 

 2,400,000 rubles. The company was chartered 

 on condition that they would furnish, within 



three years, a sufficient number of Meamcro 

 and ImrkH to establish a regular weekly com- 

 munication bffwctn tin- falls of the river 

 Bigawat, near Khokand, and KasalinKk, their 

 M.-amer> to be built in such a manner as to fit 

 them for carrying armament, like the steamers 

 on the Aral. 



In the German-French War, the Emperor 

 Alexander strongly sympathized with Ger- 

 many. The Russian Government also availed 

 itself of the crippled condition of France, to 

 demand, in a note, addressed to the other great 

 powers of Europe, a modification of the Treaty 

 of Paris of 1856. The demand brought on a 

 new complication, but the danger of another 

 Eastern war was for the present averted by 

 the convocation of a conference at London. (See 

 EASTEBX QUESTION.) 



S 



SALXAVE, SYLVAUV, late President of 

 llayti, born at Cape Haytien in 1832 ; executed, 

 by order of court-martial, at Port-au-Prince, 

 January 15, 1870. lie entered the army as a 

 common soldier, and gradually rose to the 

 position of captain of Cavalry of the North, 

 which position ho retained after the establish- 

 ment of the empire under Soulouque, although 

 he held republican principles. When on the 

 morning of December 22, 1858, Geffrard raised, 

 in the name of the people, the standard of re- 

 volt, and declared for a republic, the Imperial 

 Guard were at once mustered to quell what 

 was deemed a mad enterprise. Owing to the 

 inlluence of Salnave the whole north rallied to 

 the cause of Geffrard, and finally the empire 

 was overthrown and a republic established. 

 Geffrard, being a vain, ambitious man, used little 

 discretion in rewarding those who espoused 

 his cause, and, among others, conferred the 

 position and title of major in the army upon 

 Salnave, to whoso bravery, energy, and per- 

 sistency, he actually owed his high position. 

 Soon there came another call for his services. 

 Spain, having taken advantage of the civil Avar 

 in this country, sent a strong force, and de- 

 dared the annexation of the Dominican portion 

 of the island, and reestablished it once more as 

 a colony. Salnave entered warmly into the 

 conflict against the invaders, and to his efforts, 

 more than any one person, was due the credit 

 of their expulsion. Feeling aggrieved by the 

 action of President Geffrard in regard to 

 General Oge Longuefosse, he commenced a 

 revolutionary movement, which resulte<J in 

 Geffrard flying from the country in March, 

 1867, and Salnave being proclaimed President. 

 The republic continued in a disturbed condi- 

 tion, and in November, 1869, insurgents in 

 the south proclaimed General Domingue Presi- 

 dent, and those in the north General Saget. 

 These movements resulted in the flight of Sal- 

 nave, who, at the instigation of Provisional 



President Saget, was closely followed by com- 

 bined forces under General Benjamin, Secretary 

 of War, General Cabral, and General Zamor, 

 and after a vigorous pursuit was captured, 

 brought to Port-au-Prince on the 15th of De- 

 cember, and on the same day tried, condemned, 

 and executed. He was a man of decided cour- 

 age, and met his fate bravely. 



SAN DOMINGO, or the Dominican Repub- 

 lic, a state of the West Indies, comprising the 

 eastern portion of the Island of Hayti. Area, 

 17,826 square miles ; population, 136,500 (most- 

 ly mulattoes and whites). President, in 1870, 

 Buenaventura Baez. The revenue and expen- 

 diture amount to about 2,000,000 piastres. The 

 value of imports, in 1867, was estimated at 

 $520,000; exports, $690,000. The principal 

 articles of export were tobacco, guano, coffee, 

 leather, wax, gold, silver, sugar, and logwood. 

 During 1869, 91 vessels, of 14,199 tons, were 

 cleared at Porto Plata. A national bank was 

 chartered by the Baez government. The stock- 

 holders are New-York capitalists, who bonght 

 up the bonds of the Dominican Republic at 

 twenty cents on the dollar, and deposited them 

 in the Treasury as security for the notes is- 

 sued. 



The negotiations between the President of the 

 United States and San Domingo, relative to 

 the annexation of Snn Domingo to the United 

 States, which were begun in 1869, were con- 

 tinued in 1870. The Hon. Hamilton Fish, Sec- 

 retary of State, in a letter to President Grant, 

 dated January 16, 1871, gives the following de- 

 tails of these negotiations : On June 2, 1869, Pre- 

 sident Grant appointed Mr. Benjamin S. Hunt, of 

 Philadelphia, a special agent to obtain trust- 

 worthy information concerning the Dominican 

 Republic. Mr. Hunt accepted the appointment, 

 and was making preparations for his departure, 

 when a serious illness compelled him to resign 

 his appointment. On July 13th, General Bab- 

 cock, who was employed in the executive office, 



