702 



TENNESSEE. 



The budget for 1870 estimates the revenue 

 at 22,273,500 francs; expenditure at 22,391,500 

 francs; showing a deficit of 118,000 francs. 

 Balance in the Treasury at the end of 1869, 

 12,065,258 francs. The army of the Swiss 

 Confederation is composed as follows : 



The staff of the army, on April 15, 1870, 

 was composed of 76 colonels, 93 lieutenant- 

 colonels, 130 majors, 226 captains, and 292 

 lieutenants. 



The Swiss custom-houses do not furnish any 

 reports of the value of imports or exports. 



On January 1, 1870, the length of railroads 

 in operation was 840 miles ; number of post- 

 offices, 648; number of letters during 1869, 

 45,606,000; length of the telegraph-lines, 2,870 

 miles; length of wire, 6,211 miles; number of 

 dispatches received and forwarded, 1,369,424. 



Immediately upon the outbreak of the war 

 between France and Germany, and notwith- 

 standing the friendly assurances of France and 

 Prussia that the neutrality of Switzerland was 

 to be strictly respected, the Federal Govern- 

 ment determined to place such a force on its 

 frontiers as would render a violation of Hel- 

 vetic territory a more difficult undertaking 

 than if it were only defended by a respect for 

 existing treaties. In little more than a week's 

 time, through the military organization of the 

 republic, in which every man is a soldier, either 

 in the active contingent, or in the reserve, or 

 the landwehr, five divisions were called to 

 arms, and marched to the most threatened 

 part of the frontier, the line separating Switzer- 

 land from Baden. These corps formed an ef- 

 fective force of 50,000 men. The Government 

 issued treasury bills to the amount of 5,000,000 

 francs, bearing interest at the rate of four and 

 a half per cent, per annum, and the money was 

 immediately furnished by Swiss bankers and 

 capitalists. During the latter part of August, the 

 Government consulted with General Ilerzog, 



commander-in-chief of the Swiss Army, and, 

 upon his advice, recalled the entire military 

 force on the frontier, leaving only two battal- 

 ions of sharp-shooters as a corps of observation. 

 The Federal Assembly, which had been con- 

 voked at the outbreak of hostilities, adjourned 

 after transacting some business of minor im- 

 portance, and was dismissed by its president 

 with the following address : 



Whatever may be the differences in our views about 

 political, religious, and state matters, .these differences 

 cannot, for one moment, interfere with the one great 

 idea of our common fatherland. No matter how great 

 our divisions may be, divisions which spring Irom 

 our difference of language, religion, customs, and 

 peculiar national traits and habits, we are one, and 

 inseparably united in the love of our country. This 

 has again been proved at the outbreak of a war be- 

 tween two great nations on our borders, with whom 

 we are on terms of peace and amity, but into the 

 vortex of whose contest we were in imminent danger 

 of being drawn. As free citizens of a peaceful state 

 our only desire could be that our neighbors might 

 be saved from the misery and calamity which are 

 the inevitable consequences of such a contest, and 

 that our own patriotic army might soon be able to 

 return to their peaceful avocations. 



On the 22d of June the Council of the Canton 

 of Neufchatel voted by a large majority in favor 

 of the separation of Church and State. 



The citizens of Bulle having complained to 

 the Council of the Bund (Federal Council) of 

 the recent establishment of Jesuit missions in 

 the Canton of Freiburg, contrary to Art. 58 of 

 the Federal Constitution, the Federal Council 

 issued a proclamation to all the cantonal gov- 

 ernments, reminding them that, according to 

 the Federal Constitution, Jesuit missions are 

 prohibited within the territory of the Swiss 

 Confederation, and no member of the Society 

 of Jesus is allowed to exercise the functions of 

 priest or teacher in church or school. The 

 Federal Council regretted to see this special 

 and explicit constitutional decree disregarded, 

 and made known its determination to use all 

 the means in its power against a violation of 

 this law. The papal nuncio, being suspected 

 of having been instrumental in the introduction 

 of Jesuits into Switzerland, a mass meeting 

 was held at Langenthal, and a petition sent to 

 the Federal Council, requesting the immediate 

 removal of that dignitary, in case he should 

 not in future confine himself to his diplomatic 

 intercourse with the Federal Executive. 



T 



TENNESSEE. The population of this State, 

 according to the census taken in 1870, is 1,258,- 

 326. In 1860 it was 1,109,802, having thus 

 gained, within the last ten years, 148,519. In 

 this respect, Tennessee occupies the tenth place 

 among the States of the Union. Among the 

 Southern States she is the second, the popula- 

 tion of Kentucky only. exceeding hers, and the 

 excess is less than 100,000. The table on the 

 following page gives the Federal census of the 



State, by counties, for the years 18GO and 

 1870. 



The State being divided into three great 

 sections East, Middle, and West Tennessee 

 the extent of her territorial surface and the 

 amount of her taxable property appear from 

 the following comparative table of assessments 

 for the years 1860, 1861, 1868, and 1869, which 

 has been compiled from the reports of the 

 Comptroller : 



