TERRITORIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 



713 



The people of the Territory have suffered 

 much during the year from the depredations 

 of Indians. The feeling with which they re- 

 g:inl the original inhabitants of the Territory 

 may bo inferred from the following resolu- 

 tions adopted at a mass meeting in Gallatin 

 County : , 



Rttoltxd, That tho Indian of poetry and romance 

 is not tho Indian of fact ; tho former is said to bo 

 noble, magnanimous, faithful, and brave ; the latter 

 we know to bo possessed of every attribute of beast- 

 ly depravity and ferocity. 



R-:solced< That the mountain Indian can never un- 

 derstand the amenities of civilized life he puts no 

 faith in treaties, and makes his pledges and promises 

 with intent to disregard them when interest or ca- 

 price shall dictate. The hospitality And kindness of 

 the white settler he imputes to cowardice, and the 

 largessess and annuities of tho white man's govern- 

 ment are received with the belief that that govern- 

 ment fears him. 



Resolved, That force is the only argument that will 

 effectually persuade him to peace and friendship, as 

 tho now peaceful conduct of the Bannocks, Snakes, 

 and Utos, sufficiently attests. 



The same meeting expressed the thanks of 

 the people to Colonel Baker for the severe 

 punishment which he had dealt out to the Pie- 

 gan Indians for depredations committed in the 

 Territory during the preceding winter. 



The Territorial election occurred on the 1st 

 of August, and the Democrats were very gen- 

 erally victorious. M. Cavanagh was elected as 

 di'K-irate to Congress. The Governor of the 

 Territory is James M. Ashley. 



NEW MEXICO. New Mexico has an area of 

 121,450 square miles, and a population of 91,- 

 852. The capital is Santa F6, which has 4,- 

 600 inhabitants. The Governor is Wm. A. Pile, 

 formerly of Missouri, tho Secretary, Major 

 Henry Wetter, and tho Chief-Justice, Joseph 

 G. Palon, all of them appointed by President 

 Grant. J. F. Ohavos represents the Territory 

 in tho national House of Representatives. The 

 Territory is well adapted for agricultural enter- 

 prise, forming, as is claimed, one of the best 

 fruit-growing districts on the continent. It is 

 also supposed to be rich in mineral resources, 

 though comparatively little has been done for 

 their development. The Ralston 8ilver : mini- 

 are said to bo very rich, and a company has 

 been organized for working them. 



The following is the Federal census of tho 

 Territory of New Mexico for the years 1800 

 and 1870 : 



UTAH. The Mormon community which set- 

 tled tho Territory of Utah has been subjected 

 to adverse influences since its isolation has 

 been destroyed by tho completion of tho Pa- 

 cific Railroad, and during tho past year the 

 effect has been quite manifest both at Salt 

 Lake and at Washington. A bill was intro- 

 duced into Congress at the session of 1869-'70, 

 intended to suppress polygamy, and bring Utah 

 more completely into subjection to the laws 

 of the United States. This was known as the 

 Cullom Bill, and passed tho House of Repre- 

 sentatives by a vote of 94 to 32, but finally 

 failed to become a law. It forbade plural mar- 

 riages, under severe penalties, and provided 

 ample means for tho enforcement of all United 

 States laws. It not only disfranchised all per- 

 sons practising polygamy, and disqualified them 

 from holding office, but provided for the pun- 

 ishment of the crime by fine and imprisonment. 

 While the bill was pending, meetings were held 

 in various parts of the Territory, at which its 

 provisions were denounced, and solemn protests 

 made against its passage. At a mass meeting 

 held at Salt Lake City, on the 5th of April, a 

 protest was addressed to the members of Con- 

 gress, in which the following declarations were 

 made : 



Of the 150,000 estimated population of the Terri- 

 tory of Utah, it is well known that all except from 

 five to ten thousand, are members of the Church 

 of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, usually called 

 "Mormons." These are essentially "the people" 

 of this Territory they have settled it. reclaimed tho 

 desert waste, cultivated it, subdued the Indians, 

 opened means of communication, made roads, built 

 cities, towns, and settlements, established govern- 

 ment, encouraged education, and brought into being 

 a new State to add lustre to the national galaxy of 

 our glorious Union. And we, the people who have 

 done this, are believers in the principle of plural 

 marriage or polygamy, not simply as an elevating, 

 social relationship, and a preventive of many terrible 

 evils which afflict our race, but as a principle revealed 

 by God, underlying our every hope of eternal salva- 

 tion and happiness in heaven. Wo believe in thu 

 profixictenoe o;' the spirits of men ; that God is tho 

 author of our being ; that marriage is ordained as the 

 legitimate source by which mankind obtain an exist- 

 ence in this probation on theeurth ; that tho mnrriajv 

 relation exists in and extends throughout eternity, 

 and that without it no man can attain to an exaltation 

 in tho celestial kingdom of God. Tho revelation 

 commanding the principle of plural marriage, given 

 by God through Joseph Smith to the Church of Jesus 

 Christ of Latter-day Saints, in its first paragraph, has 

 tho following language : " Bohold, I reveal unto you 



