ALABAMA. 



Troy, 223 in the normal department and 437 in 

 the 'model school ; at Tuskegec, 400 in the nor- 

 mal school and 100 in the training school ; and 

 at Livingston 38 in the normal course. The new 

 normal school for colored students at Montgom- 

 ery was opened during 1889, and in December 

 of that year contained 325 pupils in the normal 

 and 360 in the preparatory department. Two 

 buildings have been erected by the State, one for 

 industrial the other for literary purposes. 



Population. The following table presents 

 the population of the State by counties, as as- 

 certained by the national census of this year, 

 compared with similar returns from the census 

 of 1880 : 



* Decrease. 



The largest towns and cities of the State show 

 the following population : Birmingham, 26,241, 

 increase since 1880, 23,155; Mobile, 31,822, in- 

 crease 2,690 ; Montgomery, 21,790, increase 5,077 ; 

 Selma, 7,626, increase 97 ; Tuscaloosa, 5,486, in- 

 crease 3,068. 



Penitentiary. The number of State con- 

 victs in the penitentiary on Oct. 1, 1888, was 740. 

 Since that time 900 have been received, and 29 

 recaptured, making the total number for the two 

 years 1,669. During that period, 99 convicts 

 have died ; 37 have been pardoned ; two were 

 sent to the insane asylum ; 36 escaped and 367 

 were discharged, making a total of 541, and leav- 

 ing on hj*id on Oct. 1, 1890, 1,128 prisoners. Of 

 this number, 807 are confined at Pratt Mines 

 engaged in various employments under the con- 

 tract with the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad 

 Company. The remainder, 321, consisting of 

 women, children, and disabled men, are confined 

 within the penitentiary walls at Wetumpka and 

 engaged in farming. 



These figures show a marked increase in the 

 number of convicts, and a high death rate, the 

 latter circumstance being due in part to an epi- 

 demic at one of the mining camps of the lessee 

 company. At this camp in the year ending Oct. 

 1, 1889, 'there were 54 deaths in an average prison 

 population of about 300. 



Banks. During 1889 five new national banks 

 were organized in the State, and two were dis- 

 continued, making the number in 'operation at 

 the close of the year twenty-five. These have a 

 combined capital of $3,953,200, and a surplus of 

 $938,388, besides undivided profits to the amount 

 of $543,529. Their total resources reached the 

 sum of $14,657,858, or over $2,000,000 in excess 

 of the figures one year previous ; and their loans 

 and discounts reached $8,274,806, an increase of 

 over $1,000.000. 



Pig 1 Iron. Alabama, which occupied the tenth 

 place among the States in 1880, with an output 

 of 62,336 tons, is now third as a producer of pig 

 iron, the production in 1890 amounting to 890,- 

 432 tons, an increase of more than 1,328 per cent, 

 over the production of 1880. These figures cover 

 the census year, which ends on June 30. For 

 the census year 1890 the State produced half 

 of all the pig iron made in the South. 



County Debts. According to the census re- 

 turns of this year, 38 counties of the State have 

 no bonded debt ; Cullman County owes less than 

 $500 ; Baldwin, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, 

 Cherokee, Elmore, Escambia, Franklin, and 

 Limestone, between $1,000 and $5,000; Cal- 

 houn, Dale, and Wilcox, between $5,000 and 

 $10,000: Randolph, Henry, and Chambers, be- 

 tween $10,000 and $20,000; Lauderdale and 

 Walker, between $20,000 and $35,000; Hale, 

 Montgomery, and Tallapoosa, between $35,000 

 and $50,000 ; Dallas and Pickens, between $50,- 

 000 and $75,000 ; Barbour, between $75,000 and 

 $100,000; Madison, between $100,000 and $250,- 

 000; Jefferson and Mobile, between $250.000 

 and $500,000. The total bonded county debt 

 amounts to $1,332,100, and the floating debt to 

 $59,920. Since 1880 there has been a decrease 

 of $311,246 in the total debt. 



Political. This year, for the first time, the 

 Farmers' Alliance became a considerable factor 

 in State politics. Beginning with a few local 



