16 



ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. 



the zone. Distilled drinks manufactured in the 

 country must he subjected to a duty equal to the 



AIM. i: N I I N K REPUBLIC, a federal repub- 

 lic iu South America. The Constitution in its 

 mail! iv-eml>les that of the United 



:itral executive power is vested in 

 nl elected for MX years by representa- 

 tives .f the fourteen provinces equal to double 

 number of S.-nators and Deputies combined. 



ial Congress consists of a Senate mnn- 



nieinlters from each province, elected 

 ^islatures. and two from the capital, 



.ial body, and of a House of Depu- 

 cmtaining st > meml)ers, who are voted for di- 

 . by the people. The President, who was in- 

 stalled I>u Oct. r,>, 1880, is Dr. Miguel Juarez 

 ui. The Vice- President is Dr. Carlos Pelle- 

 grini. The ministry consists of five Secretaries 

 ho are appointed by the President and 

 are responsible to him. It was composed in the 

 .11111- of 1800 of the following ministers: 

 rior, l>r. X. Q. Costa; Foreign Affairs, Dr. 

 nisla >. /..-hallos; Finance, Dr. W. Pacheco; 

 , Dr. !'. 1' ; \\'ar and Marine, Gen. E. 

 Racedo. 



Area and Population. The area of the 

 country is 1,125,080 square miles. The 14 prov- 

 iii'-.--. having an area of 515,700 square miles, had 

 in iss,-. according to an official estimate, 3,876, 

 nhabitaiits. The population of the terri- 

 tories, covering (io!).:;sij square miles, is estimated 

 at only 170,000 persons. Buenos Ayres, the cap- 

 ital, had a population of 521,322 in November, 

 Including the suburbs, it contained 538,- 

 j.eopir, of whom 150,000 were foreigners. 

 ba in 1SS7 had 66,000 inhabitants; Rosa- 

 V,.it!)<); Tucuman, 40,000 ; La Plata, 40,000. 

 The population of the Republic has more than 

 doubled in twenty years, the inci ease being chief- 

 ly ilue to immigration. Between 1870 and 1886 

 tin- i-\.'i^s,,f immigration over emigration was 

 '''>. In issr i h<- number of immigrants 

 - : J : in 1KSM, 180,993: in 1889, 289,014. 

 'miration since 1HSO has varied between 

 .iii.l 1 UMIO annually. Of the total arrivals 

 during the period 1880-'87, about 70 per cent. 

 were Italians. Id} per cent. Spaniards, 7f per 

 Preach, and 12 per cent, from other coun- 

 The numln-r of foreigners in the Repub- 

 lic in lss7 was uiMMHM), comprising 280,000 Ital- 

 IK-II, 100,000 Spaniards, 40,000 

 English, 20.MM) Germans, and 10,000 of other 

 nationalities. 



Production and Commerce. Not more than 



1 P-T crnt. of the an-a of the 14 provinces and 5 



territories js under cultivation. The area sowed 



to wheat in issj) was 1,080,000 hectares ; to Indian 



: to flax, 140,000 hectares. 



t'a crop covered 379,816 hectares in 1888; 



: i In-, vine, 20,931 hectares; 



'-cane, -Jl.il:,:; hectares. The total value of 



the harvest of \w.t was estimated at $100.255.000. 



I h- 1 1 vf sto,.|< in isss numbered 22.,SG!),385 cat- 



tl.. J.:;:)s.-,>s:{ horee8i .,,! 7,) <4; -,;} )6( j5 sne ep, val- 



ned altogether at 1869,581,607. 



Tin- total value of the merchandise imports in 



ciinvncy was $164,245,428 in 1889, against $128, 



: of the exports, $122,596,563 



51 *!'!).-..; 1,832. The imports of coin and 



bulltou in 1889 were $11,749,759, against $44, 



810,150 in 1888; the exports $28,431,251, against 

 $8,734,500. The trade with the principal foreign 

 countries in 1889 was as follows : 



The imports of textiles and apparel in 1888 

 amounted to $29,008,445 ; of iron and manufact- 

 ures thereof, $17,643,134 ; of railroad, telegraph, 

 and other material, $15,472,332; of food sub- 

 stances, $14,561,347; of drinks, $12,351,829. 

 The exports of animals and animal products 

 were of the value of $71,075,955 ; of agricultural 

 produce, $16,298,360 ; of manufactured prod- 

 ucts, $8,105,847; of mineral products, $1,526, 

 057. The wool exports were valued at $44,858, 

 606 ; hides and skins, $22,392,105 ; wheat, $8,248, 

 614; Indian corn, $5,444,464. The export of 

 frozen mutton increased from 434,699 carcasses in 

 1886 to 873,460 in 1888, or in value from $360, 

 508 to $1,459,672, reckoned in currency, and 

 that of other frozen meat showed an increase in 

 value from $1,876 to $3,415,327, while preserved 

 or salted meat, consisting mainly of dried beef, 

 fell away from $3,738,820 to $12,185. 



Revenue and Expenditure. The estimates 

 of receipts for 1889 and 1890 were as follow : 



The estimated expenditures of the various de- 

 partments for the same years were as follow : 



The total revenue in 1888 was $57,651,711, and 

 the expenditure $50,801,763. The exterior na- 

 tional debt amounts to $127,262,000, on which 

 the annual interest and sinking fund amount to 

 $11,500.000 in gold. In addition to this, $29,140, 

 900 of the interior debt has been placed abroad, 

 requiring $1,748,454 to pay the interest and 

 amortization charges. The national interior debt 

 .held in the country amounts to $162,920,153, of 

 which $68,778,298 bear no interest. The float- 

 ing debt is about $5.000,000, the interest on 

 which is $250,000. The Government pays .$2. 

 950,000 of guaranteed interest to railroads, and 

 has undertaken to pay $2,975,000 more. These 

 payments are merely advances that will be re- 

 turned from the future receipts of the railroads. 



Navigation. The number of vessels entered 

 at Argentine ports in 1887-'88 was 13,493, of 



