CAPE COLONY AND SOUTH AFRICA. 



rate of 45 cents on each $100 to be sufficient to 

 meet reasonable State expenses. The platform 

 also contains the following declarations: 



We call attention to the hypocrisy of the late 'Re- 

 publican State Convention in attempting to place upon 

 the 1 >emocratic majority in the Legislature the entire 

 responsibility of the appropriations made during the 

 last session. The Republican members of the Legis- 

 lature voted in favor of the appropriations which were 

 made the subject of criticism, and in every instance the 

 appropriations so made were approved by a Republican 

 Executive, whose administration his party convention 

 had not the manliness to indorse nor the courage to 

 condemn. 



Local issues were not conspicuous in the can- 

 vass. The leading parties were both pledged to 

 secure a reduction of State expenses and State 

 taxation, while each charged the other with re- 

 sponsibility for the extravagant appropriations 

 of the last General Assembly. At the election 

 on Nov. 4 the entire Republican ticket was 

 elected by pluralities varying from 5,000 to 

 15,000. The plurality of Markham for Gov- 

 ernor was about 10,000. For Railroad Commis- 

 sioners the Republicans elected William Beck- 

 man in the First District over Archibald Yell, 

 Democrat; J. M. Litchfield in the Second Dis- 

 trict over Charles H. Haswell, Jr., Democrat ; and 

 James W. Rea in the Third district over Law- 

 rence Archer, Democrat. All the Republican 

 candidates for the State Board of Equalization 

 were elected. The next General Assembly, near- 

 ly all of whose members were chosen at this time, 

 will be composed of the following members, 

 according to unofficial returns : Senate Re- 

 publicans 28, Democrats 12; Assembly Repub- 

 licans 59, Democrats 21. On the constitutional 

 amendment, submitted to the people at this 

 time, permitting cities and towns having fewer 

 than 100,000, and more than 3,500 inhabitants to 

 frame their own charters, subject to the approv- 

 al of them as a whole by the General Assembly, 

 the vote was largely in favor of its adoption. 

 For Members of Congress Thomas J. Geary, 

 Democrat, was chosen in the First District over 

 A. Barham, Republican ; A. Caminetti, Demo- 

 crat, in the Second District over George Blanch- 

 ard, Republican ; Joseph McKenna, Republican, 

 in the Third District over John P. Irish. Demo- 

 crat ; John T. Cutting, Republican, in the 

 Fourth District over Robert Ferral, Democrat ; 

 E. F. Loud, Republican, in the Fifth District 

 over Thomas J. Clunie, Democrat : and W. W. 

 Bowers, Republican, in the Sixth District over 

 W. J. Curtis, Democrat. The delegation will 

 therefore be composed of 4 Republicans and 2 

 Democrats. In the 1st and 2d districts the con- 

 test was determined by a few hundred votes. 



The municipal election in San Francisco, held 

 also on Nov. 4. resulted in the success of nearly 

 all the candidates on the Republican ticket, 

 (i corgi II. Sanderson being chosen Mayor over 

 William F. Goad. Democrat, and C. C. O'Don- 

 nell, 'Independent. 



CANADA, DOMINION OF. See DOMINION 

 OP CANADA. 



CAPE COLONY AND SOUTH AFRICA. 

 The Cape of Good Hope is <i British colony in 

 South Africa possessing responsible government. 

 The Governor is Sir Henry Brougham Loch, ap- 

 pointed in 1889. 



Area and Population. The area of the col- 

 ony, including the Transkeian territories and 

 Walfish Bay, is 217,895 square miles. The popu- 

 lation in 1888 was estimated officially at 1,029,456 

 in Cape Colony proper and 399,273 inTranskei, 

 East Griqualand and Tembuland, making a total 

 of 1,428,729, of whom not more than 400,000 are 

 whites. Cape Town has about 70,000 inhabitants. 

 The number of adults that entered the colony in 

 1888 was 6,029 ; the number of departures, 4,881. 

 The majority of the population, both white and 

 black, are adherents of the Dutch Reformed 

 Church. Most of the European population are de- 

 scendants of Dutch, French, and German settlers 

 who emigrated from Europe in the seventeenth 

 century to enjoy religious liberty. Education is 

 not compulsory, and not above one third of the 

 white inhabitants can read or w rite. The Govern- 

 ment expenditure on the elementary schools for 

 1889-'90 amounts to 120,000 and the local expen- 

 diture nearly as much. There were 87,750 pupils 

 enrolled in the 1,399 aided schools in 1888; the 

 average attendance was 46.619. About 70 per 

 cent, of the European children are now on the 

 school rolls. 



Commerce. The total value of imports, in- 

 cluding specie, in 1888 was 7,013,885 ; imports 

 of merchandise, 5.458,774 ; total exports, 8,- 

 964,449; exports of colonial products, 8,732,- 

 601. The export of diamonds was valued at 

 4,022,379; wool, 2,181,510; copper ore, 856.- 

 803 ; hides and skins, 373,827 ; ostrich feathers, 

 347,792 ; Angora hair, 305,362 : grain. 19,599 ; 

 wine, 19,477. The exports of diamonds from 

 the discovery of the Kimberley mines, in 1867, till 

 1886 amounted to $35,766,991. The chief im- 

 ports in 1888 were textile manufactures and ap- 

 parel of the value of 2,305,007 and articles of 

 food and drink of the value of 1,142,127. The 

 product of wine in 1889 was 5,646,426 gallons ; of 

 brandy and spirits, 1,211,673 gallons. 



Navigation. The number of vessels entered 

 from foreign countries in 1888 was 702, of 1,067,- 

 111 tons, including 309 British vessels, of 830,077 

 tons ; the number cleared was 647, of 1,013,566 

 tons. The coastwise movement was 1,336 vessels 

 entered, of 1,988,655 tons, and 1,348 cleared, of 

 2,074,091 tons. The colony possesses 34 vessels, 

 of 3,543 tons. 



Railroads. The railroads, which belong to 

 the Government, had a total length of 1,599 miles 

 at the end of 1888. They were built at a cost of 

 14,214,308. The number of passengers carried 

 in 1888 was 2,686,113; tons of freight, 415,171. 

 There were besides 177 miles of private lines. 



The Post-Office and Telegraphs. The 

 number of letters sent through the post-office in 

 1888 was 8,083,334; of newspapers, 4,112,870. 

 The telegraph lines had a total length of 4,339 

 miles at the end of 1888. The receipts for the 

 year were 70,244 and the expenses 49,037. 



Finances. The revenue from taxation for 

 the year ending June 30, 1888, was 1,458,608 ; 

 from public services, 1,685,024 ; from Govern- 

 ment property, 257,800 ; from fines, etc., 25,- 

 250 ; from loans, 926 ; total, 3,427,609. The 

 expenditure on account of loans was 1,088,630; 

 on account of railways, 716,309 ; for defense, 

 138,904 ; for police, 187,730 ; for the civil es- 

 tablishment, 122.881 ; under act of Parliament. 

 36.968 : total, 3,285,512. The unaudited rev- 



