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CITIES, AMERICAN. (CEDAR RAPIDS, CHARLOTTESVILLE.) 



provements in side-tracks, buildings, etc., pre- 

 paratory to building three new lines, already 

 surveyed, that will center here. The notable 

 buildings are the city hall, an opera house, a 

 new theatre, 4 large hotels, and 14 churches. 

 There are 5 banks, and 4 weekly, 3 daily, and 3 

 monthly papers. The city has two parks and 

 finely shaded streets. Its manufacturing indus- 

 tries include 4 flouring mills, a foundry and ma- 

 chine shop, 2 woolen mills (one of which turns 

 its entire product into clothing in a separate 

 building), wagon and carriage factories, dynamo 

 and electric-light apparatus, bed springs, wind- 

 mills, brooms, an ice factory, lime kilns (with a 

 daily capacity of 875 barrels), brick yards, a plow 

 factory, an extensive pottery plant, and stone 

 quarries, which supply neighboring cities with 

 hundreds of car loads. More than $100,000 are 

 invested in this industry. There is a fair ground 

 on which the improvements cost $20,000. The 

 freight shipments and receipts for 1889 were 

 13,520 ears. The mineral output of the county 

 for 1890, in zinc and lead ore, aggregates more 

 than $4,000,000. The mines in close proximity 

 to Cartilage, less than a year old, yield $6,000 

 weekly. Jasper County has fine agricultural 

 lands, and an immense fruit product. 



Cedar Rapids. A city of Iowa, on both 

 banks of Cedar river, near the center of the 

 county of Linn, 225 miles west of Chicago. It 

 is one of the largest cities in the State, and ranks 

 among the first in commerce and manufacturing. 

 East and West Cedar Rapids are connected by 

 four iron highway bridges, which cost $140,000, 

 and by three railroad bridges. It is regularly 

 laid out, and has an opera house, a Masonic 

 library, and a Young Men's Christian Associa- 

 tion building. The charitable institutions are 

 the Home for the Friendless, Old Ladies' Home, 

 and St. Luke's Hospital. The population in 

 1870 was 6,000; in 1880, it was almost 11,000; 

 in 1890, it was 18,000. The city is governed by 

 a mayor and 18 aldermen. The fire department 

 consists of 10 companies and 50 fire police- 

 men. There are 6 banks, 2 daily papers, and 

 5 weeklies. The city is lighted with gas and 

 electricity. It has water works of almost un- 

 limited capacity. The system consists of 3 

 large engines and 3 artesian wells, furnishing 

 1,300,000 gallons a day. Cedar Rapids is an 

 important railroad center. The Burlington, 

 Cedar Rapids and Northern Railway system 

 has here its shops and general offices. They 

 employ about 500 men, in building engines, 

 coaches, freight cars, etc. The Chicago and 

 Northwestern, the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. 

 Paul, the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific 

 Railways are also of importance to it, as the 

 main line of these great systems runs through 

 the city. T. M. Sinclair & Go's, packing house 

 employs one thousand men. The oat-meal 

 mills, boiler works, elevators, linseed-oil works, 

 Star wagon works, pump factory, plow fac- 

 tory, broom factory, woolen mills, cracker fac- 

 tories, planing mills, and machine shops are 

 the principal manufactures. The Farmers' In- 

 surance Company was organized in Cedar Rap- 

 ids. Then- an* 1 1' public schools, including a high 

 school, presided over by 89 teachers. The enroll- 

 ment is nearly 4.000. There are 9 large brick 

 buildings, some of which are among the finest in 



the country. The valuation of school property is 

 over $226,000. Coe College, under the care of the 

 Presbyterian Synod of Iowa, was organized in 

 1881. The Cedar Rapids Business College is one 

 of the largest and most successful in the State. 

 St. Joseph's Academy has steadily grown in 

 favor, and each succeeding year adds largely to 

 the enrollment list of pupils. The first house of 

 worship was erected by the Presbyterians in 

 1850. Of the organizations and missions the 

 Presbyterian Church has 4; the Methodist Epis- 

 copal," 3 ; Protestant Episcopal, 2 ; United Pres- 

 byterian, 2; Congregational, 2; Catholic, 2; 

 Christian, 2 ; United Brethren, 2 ; Evangelical, 2 ; 

 and the Lutheran, Bohemian Catholic, Jewish, 

 and African Methodist Episcopal, 1 each. The 

 valuation of church property is over $417,000. 



Charlottesville, a city and the county seat 

 of Albemarle County, Va., at the intersec- 

 tion of the Chesapeake and Ohio and the Pied- 

 mont Air Line Railroads, in the central portion 

 of the State, equally distant three hours by rail 

 from Washington and Richmond. A charter 

 has been obtained for another railroad, making 

 a second connection southward. There are 16 

 passenger and 60 freight trains daily. The pop- 

 ulation in 1870 was 2,838 ; in 1880 it was 2.67(5 ; 

 and in 1890 it was 5,562, an increase of 2.886 

 (107*84 per cent.). Charlottesville possesses a fire 

 department, and water works supplying water 

 from a reservoir six miles distant in the mount- 

 ains, with pressure of gravity to throw a stream 

 100 feet above the highest houses, gas and elec- 

 tric lights, street cars, and a steam dummy line 

 under construction. The drainage is good. Al- 

 bemarle County, containing 755 square miles, 

 produces fruits, tobacco, corn, wheat, oats, and 

 hay. Vine growing was first attempted near 

 Charlottesville in 1870, $50.000 capital being in- 

 vested and 7 negroes employed. At present 

 there are 28 vineyards near the city, which con- 

 tains 3 wine-cellars, and the annual output 

 of wine in the county is 100,000 gallons. Albe- 

 marle County wines were awarded the silver 

 medal at the Paris Expositions of 1878 and 1889. 

 About one fifth of the wine is consumed in Vir- 

 ginia. There are also 1 soapstone and 2 

 slate quarries in the county, the former worked 

 successfully since 1883. Charlottesville's manu- 

 factures include woolen mills, with capital of 

 $250,000, employing 110 persons, a knitting, a 

 spoke-and-hub, and a slate-pencil factory, agri- 

 cultural machine works, planing mills, 2 flour- 

 ing mills, 3 sash, door, and blind, 3 cigar, 2 car- 

 riage and wagon, and 1 ice factories, and 2 

 bottling works. There are 2 banks, 2 build- 

 ing and loan associations, and 3 weekly 

 newspapers. The University of Virginia, with 

 an outlay of $1,500,000, established by Thomas 

 Jefferson, is at Charlottesville, and stands at the 

 head of the free-school system. There are 30 

 professors and 500 students. The Miller Manual 

 Labor School, having an endowment of $1,500,- 

 000, for the benefit of the city and county, is near 

 the city. There are also 2 large male schools and 

 2 female institutes. The churches number 14. 

 There are 2 depots and 3 hotels, 2 larger 

 hotels being under contract. The average an- 

 nual rainfall is 35 inches, and the death rate 

 11-02 per thousand. Monticello, the home of 

 Jefferson, is within 3 miles of Charlottesville. 



