CITIES, AMERICAN. (FORT SCOTT, FOSTORIA, GALESBURQ.) 



127 



southern portion of the township, and along its 

 banks the dense population exists. The out- 

 lying portions are hilly and sparsely populated, 

 but there are many good farms. A marked topo- 

 graphical feature is Rollstone, a rounded hill of 

 solid granite a little southwest of the city proper, 

 rising about 400 feet above the river. Excellent 

 granite has been quarried there in large amounts 

 for several generations. Besides the city proper, 

 there are the villages of West Fitchburg, Crocker- 

 ville, Rockville, South and East Fitchburg, and 

 Traskville. Fitchburg is well provided with 

 railroad facilities, being on the Fitchburg Rail- 

 road (Iloosac Tunnel route), and thus having 

 direct communication with Boston and also the 

 great cities of the West. The Cheshire Division 

 of the Fitchburg Railroad affords easy access to 

 points north, and the Northern Division of the 

 Old Colony Railroad furnishes means of reaching 

 Worcester, the cities of southeastern Massachu- 

 setts, and New York city. More than 50 passen- 

 ger trains arrive at and depart from the Union 

 Passenger Station daily. The immense car shops 

 of the Fitchburg Railroad are at East Fitchburg. 

 | Fitchburg is pre-eminently a manufacturing city. 

 j Machinery and steam engines are the principal 

 i products.' A dozen large paper mills are in 

 operation here, and about as many large cotton 

 and woolen mills, besides innumerable smaller 

 j industries. The city has an abundant supply of 

 i pure water from brooks originating in the high 

 ! hills to the northwest. The water is stored in 

 four reservoirs, having an aggregate capacity of 

 j over 300,000,000 gallons and ranging in altitude 

 i from 216 to 450 feet above the river. There are 

 more than 35 miles of street mains, and nearly 

 I 300 hydrants. The cost of these water works was 

 ] about $050,000. There is an efficient fire de- 

 paitment, with fire-alarm telegraph system and 

 a street railway, and the streets are lighted with 

 electricity. There are 11 churches, some of 

 them very expensive and handsome structures, 

 ! 8 banks, the county court house (a massive gran- 

 | ite building, in front of which is Monument 

 I Square containing the soldiers' monument), and 

 the county jail in South Fitchburg. The Fitch- 

 burg Public Library, established in 1859, com- 

 prises about 20,000 volumes and is kept in the 

 Wallace Library and Art Building, an ornate 

 structure, the gift of the Hon. Rodney Wallace 

 to the city. The city has school property valued 

 at $250,000. There are 20 school-houses, in 

 which are kept 49 schools. About 70 teachers 

 are employed. 



Fort Scott, a city and the county seat of Bour- 

 bon County, Kan., on Marmaton river, distant 

 from Kansas City 100 miles ; from Sedalia, Mo., 

 120 miles ; from Springfield, Mo., 100 miles ; from 

 Wichita, Kan., 160 miles. Fort Scott has the fol- 

 lowing railroads : The Missouri, Kansas and Texas, 

 I the Kansas City, Fort Scott and Memphis, and 

 the Missouri Pacific ; others are in course of con- 

 struction. The Missouri Pacific Railway has 

 machine shops here employing about 200 men. 

 The Fort Scott and Memphis has repair shops em- 

 ploying about 40 men. The resources of the city 

 and vicinity include coal in inexhaustible quan- 

 tities ; cement rock, making a quality of cement 

 fully equal to that made at Louisville, Ky. ; the 

 best of limestone ; flag stone ; good clays for build- 

 ing brick and pottery, also fire clays under the 



coal seams. There are several artesian wells 

 producing a large supply of sulpho-mineral wa- 

 ter. There are 3 foundries, one of which the 

 Fort Scott Foundry and Machine Works is 

 the largest institution west of St. Louis, em- 

 ploying about 300 men, and making a specialty 

 of sugar and mining machinery. There are also 

 large sugar works at which the manufacture of 

 sugar from sorghum was first successfully dem- 

 onstrated, a. window-glass factory, 2 large ce- 

 ment works, 2 large potteries, 1 large roller 

 flouring mill, and many smaller industries. The 

 water works (with 15 miles of main), electric-light 

 plant, illuminating-gas plant, light and fuel gas 

 plant, each costing at least $100,000. There are 

 7 miles of electric street railway, a complete tele- 

 phone system,aGovernment court house and post- 

 office(c6sting$150,000),3 daily and 4 weekly news- 

 papers, and 4 banks. There is a normal college, 8 

 public-school buildings with 40 instructors, and 

 16 churches. The population in 1890 was 14,000. 



Fostoria, a city of Seneca County, Ohio; 

 population in 1890, 7,640. It is on the eastern 

 edge of a great oil and gas district, and has 5 

 trunk-line railways. A pipe line surrounding 

 the city to supply manufacturers with natural 

 gas is operated by the'city ; also the line of the 

 Northwestern Ohio Gas Company. It contains 

 7 glass factories in active operation, one being 

 the largest window-glass factory west of the 

 Alleghanies. The Harter Mills have a capacity 

 of about 1,500 barrels of flour daily, making 

 large shipments to Europe. The Cadwallader 

 Milling Company, while not so extensive, will 

 also have large capacity. The city contains a 

 large buggy factory, a barrel factory, a stave 

 factory, 4 planing mills, a box factory, 3 banks, 

 2 daily and 3 weekly newspapers. The city is 

 building a system of water works at a cost 

 of nearly $300,000. In 1886 Fostoria had a 

 population of about 4,000. There are 7 public- 

 school buildings. The aggregate value of manu- 

 factured products is about $,3,000,000. The city 

 offers practically free fuel to manufacturers who 

 wish to locate there. 



Cralesburgf, a city and the county seat of 

 Knox County, 111., on the Chicago, Burlington 

 and Quiney and Chicago, Santa Fe and Cali- 

 fornia Railroads, and the northern terminus of 

 the Fulton County Railroad, 164 miles west- 

 southwest of Chicago. The population in 1860 

 was 4,953 ; in 1870 it was 10,158; in 1880 it was 

 11,278 ; and in 1890 it was 15,212, of whom about 

 one third are foreigners, the Swedish nationality 

 predominating. It is surrounded by a rich 

 farming region. The city has paved streets, 

 electric lights, a street railroad, 2 opera houses, 

 water works, several hotels, and many substan- 

 tial public and private buildings. The Illinois 

 headquarters of the Chicago, Burlington and 

 Quincy Railroad are here, and also large shops 

 and stock yards, this railroad alone employing 

 more than "2,000 men at this point. There are 

 4 foundries, 4 large brick yards, an agricultural 

 implement manufactory, besides a large number 

 of smaller industries. Lombard University (Uni- 

 versalist) and Knox College (Congregational) are 

 here. There are 41 professors and teachers and 

 800 students connected with these institutions. 

 Both admit women. There are 10 public-school 

 buildings, including a high school, having 52 



