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CITIES, AMERICAN. (HAVERHILL, IOWA CITY, ITHACA.) 



4 flourishing building associations with a 

 combined capital of $1,500,000. There are 6 

 school buildings, (with a seating capacity of 2,500 

 and a corps of 46 teachers), a Catholic and 

 a German Lutheran seminary, several private 

 schools, and a number of literary societies. It 

 has recently opened, with 4.000 volumes, the 

 only free library and reading-room in the State. 

 Among the notable structures are the Govern- 

 ment building (erected at a cost of $150,000, 

 containing the post-office and apartments for 

 the United States courts), the Park Hotel, 

 opera house, Catholic, Christian, and other 

 church edifices. There are 3 daily and 3 weekly 

 newspapers, 1 semi-monthly, and 1 monthly 

 periodical, and 14 churches. 



Hayerhill, a city of Essex County, Mass., is 

 on the Merrimac river, about 18 miles from its 

 mouth, and 31 miles from Boston. The town 

 was settled in 1640, on land that was purchased 

 two years later from the Indians. It was named 

 from Haverhill, England, whence the Rev. John 

 Ward, the first minister of the parish, came. It 

 was incorporated a city in 1870, and in 1890 had a 

 population of 27,320. The valuation is $18,000,- 

 000. It has a public library of 50,000 volumes, an 

 excellent city hospital, an old ladies' home, a chil- 

 drens' home," and a chartered benevolent society. 

 Its schools rank with the best in New England. 

 It has many literary clubs and social organiza- 

 tions. A board of trade, organized in 1888, is an 

 energetic factor in its prosperity. Before the 

 days of railroads the position of Haverhill at the 

 head of navigation on the Merrimac made it a 

 trading center Ship building then was an im- 

 portant industry, and from her four ship yards 

 vessels sailed to all coast places, and to the West 

 Indies and England. In the earlier days there 

 were many arid diverse industries ; but with 

 greater prosperity and more rapid growth the 

 manufacture of shoes and hats has become the 

 most prominent. The number of pairs of boots, 

 shoes, and slippers annually made is about 

 8,000,000, while 111,000 cases of hats are shipped 

 each year. Other important industries are the 

 manufacture of woolen cloth and morocco, and 

 foundry work. Haverhill has suffered three 

 times from extensive fires. The last one broke 

 ont on Feb. 17, 1882, and destroyed with great 

 rapidity a large part of its manufacturing dis- 

 trict. Two million dollars worth of property 

 and the places of business of 300 firms and indi- 

 viduals vanished before the fire was controlled. 

 But from the ashes of the old sprang almost im- 

 mediately better buildings, and the fire left as its 

 results only an increased activity and a more vig- 

 orous business life. The most distinguished son 

 of the place is the poet John Greenleaf Whittier, 

 who has woven its legends into verse, and sketched 

 in many a descriptive poem the beauties of its 

 scenery. His birth-place, the scene of "Snow 

 Bound," is visited by many each year. 



Iowa City, the county seat of Johnson County, 

 Iowa, on Iowa river, 80 miles from its mouth. 

 From 1W59 to 1857 it was the seat of the Terri- 

 torial and State government. It is 130 miles 

 from DCS M nines, and 80 west of Davenport. 

 Its railroad facilities aru the Chicago, Rock 

 Island and Pacific, running east and west, and 

 the Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern, 

 running north and south. Its population in 1850 



was 1,250 ; in 1860 it was 5,214 ; in 1870 it was 

 5,914; in 1880 it was 9,000; in 1890 it was 

 6,793. It is the seat of the State University, a 

 co-educational institution, founded in 1846, but 

 of slight importance until 1860. The depart- 

 ments are collegiate, medical (both schools), law, 

 pharmacy, and engineering. Each department 

 has well-equipped laboratories, and in connec- 

 tion with the medical departments there are 

 hospitals. Since the founding of the university 

 2,900 students have been graduated. The tit- 

 tendance in 1890 was more than 800 ; the num- 

 ber of instructors, 62. There is also a free night 

 school for mechanics and others, with instruction 

 in drafting and graphical mechanics. The public 

 buildings include the court-house, city hall, opera 

 house, and a new Young Mens' Christian Asso- 

 ciation building erected at a cost of $35,000 by 

 the students' association. The rooms of the State 

 Historical Society contain a library of over 4,000 

 volumes. There are 4 ward schools, an academy, a 

 fitting school for the university with an attend- 

 ance of 300, a normal school, a commercial col- 

 lege, a school of stenography and type-writing, 

 and 4 Roman Catholic schools. There are 2 

 daily (1 Bohemian) and 4 weekly papers, 1 being 

 published by the students of the university ; 

 also 2 semi-annual publications by the scientific 

 department and the Engineering Society. Iowa 

 City is the center of a large agricultural and 

 stock-raising district. It has 3 banks. There 

 are 3 flouring mills, an oil mill, a foundry, a 

 machine shop, a pork-packing establishment, 

 and smaller manufactories. The city is provided 

 with gas, electric lights, and water works, and a 

 system of sewerage is under construction. The 

 river furnishes considerable power. There are 

 large breweries, glucose works, glass works, and 

 distilleries that are now of no value and not in 

 operation owing to the prohibitory law and rail- 

 way legislation. There are 18 churches. 



Ithaca, a city and the county seat of Tomp- 

 kins County, N. Y., chartered in 1888, is located 

 at the head of Cayuga Lake. Population in 

 1880, 9,105; in 1890, 11,557. It is located about 

 midway between the New York Central and 

 Erie Railroads, and has rail connections with 

 the former at Lyons, Cayuga, Auburn. Syra- 

 cuse, and Canastota; and with the latter at 

 Owego, Waverly, and Ehnira. The Delaware, 

 Lackawanna and Western and the Lehigh 

 Valley Railroads give direct communication 

 with New York city, and the latter connects it 

 also with Philadelphia. Large quantities of 

 coal are brought to this point by the above- 

 named roads, and shipped by canal boats to 

 Buffalo, New York, and intermediate points. 

 During the summer a passenger steamer runs 

 regularly between Ithaca and Cayuga, at the 

 foot of the lake, 38 miles distant. Ithaca is 

 the seat of Cornell University, an institution 

 of phenomenal growth, founded by Ezra Cor- 

 nell, who gave $500,000 toward its establish- 

 ment. It was incorporated in 1865, and opened 

 to students in 1868. It is located in the eastern 

 part of the city, on a hill about 400 feet above 

 the level of the lake, giving a view from the 

 campus of lake, valley, and distant hills of un- 

 surpassed beauty. The university has a produc- 

 tive endowment of $5.000,000, derived chief'/ 

 from the sale of lands located under land scrip 



