CITIES, AMERICAN. (MANSFIELD, MARION, MARQUETTE, MOLINE.) 



137 



The abundant and wholesome water supply is 

 from two strongly flowing artesian wells, about 

 600 feet deep, and flowing 1,500,000 gallons a 

 day. The natural force of the flow would raise 

 the water 50 or 60 feet if confined in a pipe, 

 but for effective service it is pumped into a 1,- 

 000,000-gallon reservoir on one of the bluffs 

 above the city, and forced by gravity through 10 

 miles of water mains. There are a street railway, 

 electric and gas light systems, and a telephone 

 exchange, 17 churches, one of the 4 State normal 

 schools, a high school and 4 other public schools, 

 a Catholic college, and German Lutheran schools. 

 The city has a board of trade, a Citizens' Pro- 

 gressive Union, a jobbers' union, and several lit- 

 erary organizations. 



Mansfield, a city and the county seat of Rich- 

 mond County, Ohio. 180 miles from Cincinnati, 

 amid rolling hills, 1,800 feet above sea-level. It 

 is the only city between the Atlantic seaboard 

 and Chicago where tfee Erie, Pennsylvania, and 

 Baltimore and Ohio Railroads come together, and 

 passengers and freight are thus enabled to go to 

 all the great commercial centers without change 

 of cars. . There are from 40 to 50 passenger, and 

 nearly 200 freight trains daily. Mansfield has 

 18 churches and 10 school buildings, with a fine 

 high-school building in process of construction ; 

 3 daily and 4 weekly newspapers, 4 banks, and 7 

 hotels. The electric motor is in use for street 

 cars, and streets and houses are lighted with 

 electricity and gas. Water is supplied from 

 flowing artesian wells, and distributed by water 

 works of the Holly system. The average annual 

 death rate in five years has been 8 in 1,000. The 

 city was established in 1809. The important 

 public buildings are the Soldiers' and Sailors' 

 Memorial Library building, which provides a 

 free library and Grand Army Hall (an opera 

 hall seating 1,500, and a smaller hall for the 

 Mansfield Lyceum lectures and debates), while 

 the third story is set aside as a museum ; a Chil^ 

 dren's Home, supported by the county; and the 

 Intermediate Penitentiary, under construction 

 by the State, intended as a reformatory for men 

 under thirty years of age convicted of felony for 

 the first time. The estimated cost is upward of 

 $1,000,000. There are two public parks, the 

 Central, of 4 acres in the heart of the city, and 

 the Sherman-Heineman, spanning the whole 

 western boundary for about 2 miles, containing 

 lakes for boating, a free bathing pool, and 25 

 acres of primeval forest. The manufactures, 

 which are numerous and constantly increasing, 

 include a factory of thrashers, horse-powers, en- 

 gines, saw mills, and clover hullers covering 30 

 acres, engine and boiler works with a yearly out- 

 put of $500,000, a stove company manufacturing 

 18,000 stoves a year, a foundry, flouring mills, 2 

 brass works, a factory of pumps and plumbers' 

 and gas-fitters' supplies (shipping to Europe and 

 South America), 2 buggy companies, a factory of 

 carriage-bow sockets, a cracker factory, 3 sus- 

 pender companies. 1 elastic-web company, manu- 

 factories of building and street-paving' brick, a 

 paper company, a steel-harrow factory, soap and 

 candle works, and 2 large lumber and door fac- 

 tories. The cigar manufactories employ from 

 300 to 400 persons, and have an aggregate daily 

 output of 120,000. There are 3 daily and 4 

 weekly newspapers. The population 'in 1880 



was 9,859 ; in 1890 it was 13,542, an increase of 

 3,683 (37-36 per cent.). 



Marion, a city and the county seat of Grant 

 County, Ind., 41 miles from Logansport, at the 

 intersection of the Chicago, St. Louis and Pitts- 

 burg, the Cincinnati, Wabash and Michigan, 

 and the Toledo, St. Louis and Kansas City Rail- 

 roads. The site was laid out in 1831 and the 

 town incorporated in 1838. In February, 18S7, 

 natural gas was discovered, and from that date 

 to August, 1890, 21 wells were drilled within the 

 corporate limits, with an average capacity of 

 5,000,000 feet a day; 27 factories have been 

 located, all of which have increased and many 

 have doubled their plants, and give employment 

 to 1,500 persons. Among these are 5 glass fac- 

 tories, a pulp mill, a stove foundry, a malleable- 

 iron works, a rolling mill, and pressed-brick 

 works with yearly capacity of 20,000.000 brick. 

 Twelve hundred new residences have been built, 

 with 10 miles of street and sidewalks, and 4 

 miles of street railway. A new normal school 

 has an enrollment of 200. Six new churches have 

 been erected at a cost of $75,000. The popula- 

 tion in 1880 was 3,182 ; in 1890 it was 8,734, an 

 increase of 174-48 per cent. There are 2 daily 

 and weekly newspapers. In addition to the 

 court house, Marion has a soldiers' home, with 

 present capacity of 600 veterans, and prospective 

 capacity of 2,500 within two years. The resi- 

 dence of Dr. William Lornax forms part of a 

 bequest to the Indiana Medical College. 



Marquette, a city, and the county seat of 

 Marquette County, Mich., on the northern pen- 

 insular. It is one of the principal shipping 

 points on Lake Superior. The general offices 

 and machine shops of the Duluth, South Shore 

 and Atlantic Railroad are here, and most of the 

 business of that railroad consists in carrying ore 

 to Marquette for transshipment. The handling 

 of the iron ores mined in the county constitutes 

 the leading business. The amount sent for- 

 ward in 1890-was 1,400,000 tons. Besides the 

 ore business, the industries of Marquette include 

 2 stone quarries, 2 lumber mills, 3 wood-manu- 

 facturing mills, 2 machine shops, 1 brewery, 2 

 smelt furnaces, 1 powder mill, and 1 carriage 

 factory. The branch State Prison and House 

 of Correction for the State is in the southern 

 part of the city. Marquette is noted for its 

 beautiful site, fine buildings, wide and well- 

 paved streets, and healthful climate. Large 

 numbers come from the South every summer for 

 recreation. The finest fishing in the State can 

 be had in the streams adjacent to the city. One 

 of the largest natural parks in the West, Presque 

 Isle, has recently been given to the city by Con- 



ress. The city has an electric-lighting plant 

 riven by water power furnished by Dead river, 

 3| miles from the business center. The popula- 

 tion of Marquette in 1890 was 9,129. 



Moline, a city of Rock Island County, 111., 

 on the south bank of Mississippi river, which 

 here flows westward, and opposite Rock Isl- 

 and, the site of the Government armory and 

 arsenal. The city is 2 miles long, 1^ mile in 

 width, the western boundary being the city 

 of Rock Island. It is 2 miles above the city 

 of Davenport, Iowa, the three cities (Moline, 

 Rock Island, and Davenport) being intimately 

 connected by street and steam cars, ferry, and 



