148 



CITIES, AMERICAN. (TEEEE HAUTE, TONAWANDA, TRURO.) 



tained 2,704 inhabitants. Folk's " Directory," 

 issued in September, 1889, contained 4,959 names 

 for Superior, and that for September, 1890, 9,960 

 names showing a population of 10,000 in 1889, 

 and over 20,000 in 1890. The assessed valuation 

 for 1890 was $22,960,390. Taxes are compara- 

 tively light. Public improvements are easily 

 and cheaply made by reason of the level loca- 

 tion, and assessments for sewers, pavements, 

 etc., are payable in five equal annual install- 

 ments instead of in one payment, as in other 

 cities. The value of lake commerce for 1889 

 was $28,053,730, and for 1890 (partly estimated) 

 $40,000,000. The climate is not subject to 

 marked or sudden changes except in the spring. 

 The atmosphere is clear and dry, and the winters 

 bright and sunny, less severe though longer than 

 at points farther South and away from Lake 

 Superior. Recently a corporation known as the 

 Consolidated Land Company was formed, which 

 gathered in several thousand acres of the first 

 plat, so that the sons and grandsons of the origi- 

 nal proprietors, most of whom had never heard 

 of the early operations at the head of Lake Su- 

 perior, nor of Superior itself, are now daily drop- 

 ping into fortunes. The " Eye of the North- 

 west," a large and handsomely illustrated volume, 

 published by Frank A. Flower at the expense of 

 the city, to be had by paying postage, gives a 

 complete history of the place. South Superior, 

 East Superior, West Superior, and Old Superior 

 are all one all Superior, with the same water 

 works, school system, mayor, council, and other 

 officials. The great land companies, which are 

 doing so much to promote the growth of the 

 city, operate in different quarters, and give rise 

 to the names above mentioned. Their combined 

 wealth is more than $20,000,000. 



Terre Haute, a city and the county seat of 

 Vigo County, Ind., on Wabash river, 73 miles 

 west of Indianapolis. The population in 1890 

 was 30,287. It is equidistant from the three 

 greatest markets and distributing points in the 

 West, viz, Chicago, St. Louis, and Cincinnati. 

 Its 9 railroads give Terre Haute 2 routes east, 

 2 to St. Louis, or 3 to the west, 2 to the north, 

 and 2 to the south. Fifteen miles of street 

 railway are in operation, using electric motors. 

 The State Normal School here is one of the 

 most successful institutions of the kind in the 

 United States. The Rose Polytechnic Institute 

 is endowed with more than $500,000, Coates 

 College is for the higher education of young 

 women, and there is a fine system of public 

 schools, with a high school. The Rose Orphan 

 Home, richly endowed by the late Chauncey 

 Rose, and designed for the orphan children of 

 Vigo County is east of the city. The horse and 

 cattle breeding interests of Vigo County represent 

 an investment of more than $1,000,000. The 

 agricultural grounds have a fine race track. The 

 water-works company has recently spent $300,- 

 000 in putting m new filters, erecting build- 

 ings, and adding the latest improvements of the 

 Holly system. The chief industries are tinned 

 goods (forks, hoes, and rakes), flour, iron, nails, 

 cars, engines, be,er, brick, straw board, stoves, 

 hubs and spokes, wagons, carriages, high wines, 

 crackers, hominy, electric motors, piano cases, 

 barrels, and staves. The city has a public libra- 

 ry, electric light, an illuminating gas and a fuel 



gas company, and 6 banks. The court house, 

 recently completed at a cost of $500,000, is one 

 of the* most imposing structures in the State. 

 Veins of semi-block and bituminous coals, vary- 

 ing in thickness from 3 to 8 feet, underlie the 

 city ; and there are 3 oil wells, the first drilled 

 in 'May, 1889, with a daily output of 300 barrels. 



Tonawanda, a village of Erie and Niagara 

 Counties, N. Y., divided by Tonawanda creek. 

 It is on Niagara river and the Erie Canal and on 

 branches of the New York Central'and Lake 

 Erie and Western Railroads. One hundred and 

 fifty trains pass through it daily. The popula- 

 tion in 1880 was 4,500 ; in 1890 it was 12,500. 

 The principal industry is lumber, this being the 

 second lumber market in the United States. It 

 has 10 miles of wharves with 12 harbor tugs. 

 The receipts of lumber in 1879 were 250,000,000 

 feet ; in 1889, 700,000,000 feet. The round timber 

 received and manufactured in 1889 measured 

 50,000,000 feet. There are 13 planing mills, 7 

 shingle mills, 3 saw mills, and 21 lumber firms ; 

 one brewery manufacturing 10,000 barrels of 

 beer annually, and large iron and steel works 

 employing 200 men, which has expended $150,- 

 000 in the past year for building and enlarging 

 the business. The value of buildings erected 

 in the past two years is $1,000,000. The increase 

 in assessed valuation in two years is 40 per 

 cent. Fifteen miles of sewerage are being built 

 at a cost of $200,000. The village has the Holly 

 system of water works, over 20 miles of water 

 pipe, 15-J- miles of gas pipe, and 500 street lamps. 

 Natural gas is extensively used and electric lights 

 are being put in. There are 16 churches, 4 pub- 

 lic schools, 3 banks, 3 foundries, and 2 flouring 

 mills. 



Truro, the county seat of Colchester County, 

 Nova Scotia, near the. head of Cobequid Bay, at 

 the junction of the Intercolonial Railroad and 

 its Pictou branch, 62 miles by rail north of Hali- 

 fax. The population in 1881 was 3,461 ; in 1890 

 it was estimated at 5,000. The town is well laid 

 . out, having regular streets, an abundance of 

 shade trees, 2 public squares, and, in the suburbs, 

 a beautiful park. Its private residences and 

 grounds are attractive. It is amply supplied 

 with electric lights, telephones, and water serv- 

 ice. It has 7 churches, 2 banks, 2 weekly news- 

 papers, and 8 hotels. The provincial normal 

 school, the model school, and the county acad- 

 emy form an imposing group near the center of 

 the town. The normal school has 6 teachers 

 and an average attendance of 150. The model 

 school, which forms a school of observation for 

 the students of the normal, employs 2 teachers, 

 and has an attendance of 110. The public 

 schools of Truro, including the academy, employ 

 17 teachers, and the total attendance, including 

 those at the model school, is 1,060. The Young 

 Men's Christian Association have a commodious 

 building. There are manufactories of hats and 

 caps, leather, pegs and lasts, furniture, woolen 

 goods, condensed milk, flour and meal, steam 

 engines and boilers, mining machinery, rotary 

 mills, and iron bridges. The recent growth of 

 Truro is illustrated by its assessment, which 

 (representing about two thirds of the real value) 

 in 1879 was $996,450, and in 1889 was $1,370,- 

 348. For the fiscal year 1888 customs duties 

 were paid to the amount of $77,524.44. 



