202 



CONGRESS. (THE TARIFF MEASURE.) 



yet he maintains that we ought to have a bounty 

 on American ships, so as to put our flag on the 

 sea and increase our foreign commerce. I want, 

 Mr. Chairman, to see the flag of the Union on 

 all the waters of all the seas and under all the 

 skies that cover the earth ; I want to see it in all 

 the ports and harbors of the globe ; but when it 

 goes out I want to see it go &s a symbol of 

 American institutions, covering a free ship, pro- 

 tecting free commerce, and representing free 

 men. I do not want to bribe anybody to put an 

 old hulk on the ocean. I do not want to hire 

 anybody to display our flag somewhere in the 

 world. When that proud emblem of our coun- 

 try goes into the nethermost parts of the earth, 

 on all the seas and among all the nationalities 

 and tongues of the globe, I want to see it riding 

 as free as the air and as fearless as the eagle that 

 nestles in its folds, the symbol of the proudest 

 and the freest people in the world a people 

 whose liberty and genius and spirit have enabled 

 them to carry their commerce wherever they 

 please. 



' Gentlemen, you can pass your bill. You can 

 pass it when you please ; but whenever it does 

 pass it will have a Hell Gate to go through after 

 it leaves the House and Senate. There is a whirl- 

 pool with sunken rocks beneath the surface of 

 the water through which your little craft will 

 have to sail. The American people have intelli- 

 gence, and they have been perfected through 

 suffering. And they are ready now, and in the 

 proper frame of mind, to take the scorpion's 

 lash and drive the money-changers from their 

 temple." 



We give these extracts from two of the leading 

 speeches, as any general description of the de- 

 bate would be out of the question. The bill, 

 after being amended in some respects, was passed 

 by the House May 21, by the following vote : 



YEAS Adams, Allen of Michigan, Anderson of 

 Kansas, Arnold, Atkinson of Pennsylvania, At- 

 kinson of West Virginia, Baker, Banks, Bartine, 

 Bayne, Beckwith, Belden, Belknap, Bergen, Biug- 

 ham, Bliss, Boothman, Boutello, Bowden, Brewer, 

 Brosius, Brower, T. M. Browne, Browne of Vir- 

 ginia, Buchanan of New Jersey, Burrows, Burton, 

 Butterworth, Caldwell, Candler of Massachusetts, 

 Cannon, Carter, Caswell, Cheadle. Cheatham, Clark 

 of Wisconsin, Cogswell, Comstock, Conger, Cooper 

 of Ohio, Craig, Culbertson of Pennsylvania, Cut- 

 cheon, Dalzell, Darlington, De Haven, De Lano, 

 Dingley, Dolliver, Dorsey, Dunnell, Evans, Ewart, 

 Farquhur, Finley, Flick, Flood, Frank, Funston, 

 Gear, Gest, Gifford, Greenhalge, Grosvenor. Hall, 

 Hansbrough, Harracr, Haugen, Henderson of Illinois, 

 Henderson of Iowa, Hermann, Hill, Hitt, Hopkins, 

 Ilouk, Kelley, Kennedy, Kerr of Iowa, Ketcham, Kin- 

 sey, Knapp. Lacey, La Follette, Laidlaw, Lansing, 

 Laws, Lehlhach, Lind, Lodge, Mason, McComas, 

 McCord, McCormick, McKenna, McKinley, Miles, 

 Milliken, Moffitt, Moore of New Hampshire, Morey, 

 Morrill, Morrow, Morse, Mudd, Niedringhaus, Nute, 

 O'Donnell, O'Neill of Pennsylvania, Osborne, Owen 

 of Indiana, Payne, Perkins, Pickler, Post, Pugsley, 

 Quackenbush, Raines, Randall, Ray, Reyburn, Rife, 

 Eockwell, Rowell, Russell, Sanforcl, Sawyer, Scran- 

 ton ? Scull, Sherman, Simonds, Smith of Illinois, 

 Smith of West Virginia, Smyser, Snider, Spooner, 

 Stephenson, Stewart of Vermont, Stivers, Stock- 

 bridge, Struble, Sweeney. Taylor of Illinois, Taylor 

 of Tennessee, E. B. Taylor, J. D. Taylor, Thomas, 

 Thompson, Townsend of Colorado, 'Townsend of 

 Pennsylvania, Vandever, Van Schaick, Waddill, 

 Wade,' Walker of Massachusetts, Wallace of Massa- 



chusetts, Wallace of New York, Watson, Wheeler of 

 Michigan, Wickham, Williams of Ohio, Wilson of 

 Kentucky, Wilson of Washington, Wright, Yardley 



NAYS Abbpttj Alderson, Allen of Mississippi, An- 

 derson of Mississippi, Andrew, Barnes, Barwig 

 Biggs, Blanchard, Bland, Blount, Boatner, Brecken- 

 ridge of Arkansas, Breckinridge of Kentucky, Brick- 

 ner, Brookshire. J. B. Brown, Brunner, Buchanan of 

 Virginia 2 Buckalew, Bunn,Bynum, Campbell, Candler 

 of Georgia, Carlisle, Carlton, Caruth, Catch ings. Chip- 

 man, Clancy, Clarke of Alabama, Clements, Clunie, 

 Cobb, Coleman, Cooper of Indiana, Covert, Cowles, 

 Grain. Crisp, Culberson of Texas, Cummings, Dar- 

 gan, Davidson, Dibble, Dockery, Dunphy, Edmunds, 

 Elliott, Ellis, Enloe, Featherston, Fitch, Fithian, 

 Flower, Forman, Forney, Fowler, Geis.senhainer, 

 Gibson, Goodnight, Grimes, Hare, Hatch, Hayes, 



Lewis, Magner, Maish, Mansur, Martin of Indiana, 

 Martin of "Texas, McAdoo, McCarthy. McClammy, 

 McClellan, McCreary, McMillin, McRae, Mills, Mont- 

 gomery, Moore of Texas, Morgan, Mutchler, Gates, 

 O'Ferrall, O'Neil of Massachusetts, Outhwaite, Owens 

 of Ohio, Parrett, Paynter, Peel, Penington, Perry, 

 Pierce, Price, Quinn, Reilly, Richardson, Robertson, 

 Rogers, Eowland, Rusk, Sayers, Seney, Shively, 

 Skinner, Springer, Stahlnecker, Stewart of Georgia, 

 Stewart of Texas, Stone of Kentucky, Stump, Tars- 

 ney, Tillman, Tracey, Tucker, Turner of Georgia, 

 Turner of New York, Turpin, Venable, Washington, 

 Wheeler of Alabama, Whiting, Whitthorne, Wike, 

 Wilkinson.Willcox, Williams of Illinois, Wilson of 

 Missouri, Wilson of West Virginia. Yoder 142. 



NOT VOTING Bankhead, Bullock, Connell, Coth- 

 ran. Grout, Hooker, Kilgore, Lane, Lawler, Norton, 

 O'Neall of Indiana, Payson, Peters, Phelan, Reed of 

 Iowa, Spinola, Stockdale, Stone of Missouri, Turner 

 of Kansas, Walker of Missouri, Wiley 21. 



On May 23, the measure was referred to the 

 Finance Committee of the Senate, and June 18, 

 the chairman, Senator Morrill, of Vermont, re- 

 ported it back with many amendments, the prin- 

 cipal one being a rejection of the proposed re- 

 duction in internal revenue. 



As passed by the House the bill was especially 

 unfavorable to the scheme for reciprocity enter- 

 tained by the State Department ; and June 19, 

 the President sent the following message to Con- 

 gress : 



To the Senate and House of Representatives : 



I transmit herewith for your information a letter 

 from the Secretary of State inclosing a report of the In- 

 ternational American Conference which recommends 

 that reciprocal commercial treaties be entered into be- 

 tween the United States and the several other repub- 

 lics of this hemisphere. 



It has been so often and so persistently stated that 

 our tariff laws offered an insurmountable barrier to a 

 large exchange of products with the Latin-American 

 nations that I deem it proper to call especial atten- 

 tion to the fact that more than 87 per cent, of the 

 products of those nations sent to our ports are now 

 admitted free. If sugar is placed upon the free list, 

 practically every important article exported from those 

 states will be given untaxed access to our markets, 

 except wool. The real difficulty in the way of nego- 

 tiating profitable reciprocity treaties is that we have 

 given freely so much that would have had value in 

 the mutual concessions which such treaties imply. I 

 can not doubt, however, that the present advantages 

 which the products of these near and friendly states 

 enjoy in our markets though they arc not by law ex- 

 clusivewill, with other considerations, favorably dis 

 pose them to adopt such measures, by treaty or other- 



