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LITERATURE, BRITISH, IN 1890. 



was a biography by Edward Walford. In tt 

 " Rulers of India " " Akbar " and " Dupleix " 

 were by Col. G. B. Malleson ; " Dalhousie," by Sir 

 W. W. Hunter ; and " Warren Hastings," by 

 Capt. L. J. Trotter ; while " Mungo Park and the 

 Niger," by Joseph Thomson, appeared in the 

 " World's Great Explorers." " English Men of 

 Action" received the additions of "Captain 

 Cook," by Walter Besant; " Sir Charles Napier," 

 by Col. Sir William P. Butler ; " Lord Clive," by 

 Sir Charles Wilson; and "Peterborough," by 

 William Stebbing ; while " Heroes of the Na- 

 tions " in 1890 were " Gustavus Adolphus and 

 the Struggle of Protestantism," by C. R. L. 

 Fletcher, and " Horatio Nelson and the Naval 

 Supremacy of England," by W. Clark Russell 

 and W. H. Jaques, late of the United States 

 navy; supplementary to which W. Clark Rus- 

 sell published also " Nelson's Words and 

 Deeds." "Lord Beaconsfield," by James An- 

 thony Fronde, in the " Queen's Prime Ministers 

 Series," somewhat disappointed eager expecta- 

 tion. " Lord Melbourne " was by Henry Dunck- 

 ley. " Memoirs of the Military Career of John 

 Shipp" and "The Adventures of Thomas Pel- 

 low " were added to the " Adventure Series ; " 

 and among popular biographies were: "Sir 

 Richard Church, Commander-in-Chief of the 

 Greeks in the War of Independence," by Stan- 

 ley Lane-Poole ; " Suvaroff," by Lieut.-Col. 

 Spalding; "The Brain of an Army," by Spenser 

 Wilkinson, a popular account, of the German 

 General Staff ; " ' Fritz ' of Prussia," by Lucy Tay- 

 lor ; and " European Reigning Sovereigns and 

 their Courts," by Politikos. " Cardinal New- 

 man," by Richard H. Hutton, the first memoir 

 of the distinguished divine, opened the " Eng- 

 lish Leaders of Religion Series," and other cler- 

 ical biographies are : " Henry Martyn : his Life 

 and Labors : Cambridge, India, Persia," by 

 Jesse Page ; " Robertson of Irvine," by Arthur 

 Guthrie ; " A. M. Mackay," the pioneer mission- 

 ary to Uganda, written by his sister ; and a con- 

 tinuation of " John G. Paton, Missionary to the 

 New Hebrides, an Autobiography," edited by 

 James Paton. " John Hannah " was a clerical 

 study by J. H. Overton ; T. W. Belcher wrote 

 " Robert Brett (of Stoke Newington) "; Charles 

 Bullock, " The Sisters Havergal " ; and " Memo- 

 rials of Edwin Hatch, D. D.," were edited by his 

 brother. " The Rev. J. G. Wood, his Life and 

 Work," as a clergyman and a writer on nat- 

 ural history, was written by Theodore Wood, 

 and Frank J. Mathew published "Father 

 Mathew," the founder of the Irish temperance 

 movement. "A Biography of Isaac Pitman" 

 was written by Thomas A. Reed, and " Sir 

 George Burns, Bart." by Edwin Hodder, belongs 

 to another department of what may be termed 

 practical biography. "The Loves and Mar- 

 riages of Some Eminent Persons" were chron- 

 icled by T. F. Thistleton-Dyer, in two volumes, 

 and in conclusion of this class of works may be 

 mentioned " Henry M. Stanley : his Life, Trav- 

 els and Explorations," by Rev. Henry W. Lit- 

 tle, and " The Life of Edmund Musgrove Bart- 

 telot," commander of the rear column of the 

 Emin Pasha Relief Expedition, from his letters 

 and diary, by his brother, Walter George Bart- 

 telot. " How Stanley wrote ' In Darkest Africa' " 

 was described by E. Marston. 



the A series of "Laurel Crowned Letters" of 



distinguished persons, began during the year, 

 contained : " The Best Letters of Horace Wai- 

 pole," " The Best Letters of Lord Chesterfield," 

 and " The Best Letters of Lady Mary Wortley 

 Montagu," and " Selections " were made from 1 he 

 writings of Isaac Williams, B. D. 



Poetry. Little poetry was published, and of 

 that little can be said in commendation. From 

 Cosmo Monkhouse came "Corn and Poppies," 

 and " Gossamer and Snowdrifts " was the title of 

 posthumous poems of Charles Mackay, edited 

 with an introduction by his son, Eric "Mackay. 

 " Ingleside Musings, and Tales told in Rhyme"" 

 were by A. J. Armstrong ; Frederick Tennyson, 

 as an octogenarian, appeared again in the poetic 

 world with " The Isles of Greece : Sappho and 

 Alca3us," and Richard Garnett published " Iplii- 

 genia in Delphi," with some translations from 

 the Greek. " Toward Fields of Light " was the 

 title of poems by Edwin Hatch, and Annie 

 Matheson wrote " The Religion of Humanity, 

 and other Poems." " In a Tuscan Villa," by 

 Harriet L. Childe-Pemberton, received favorable 

 mention, and A. Sutherland had " Thirty Short 

 Poems." " A London Plane Tree, and other 

 Verse," by Amy Levy, was unaffected, some- 

 times of rare beauty and full of vitality, and in 

 addition to " A Vision of Saints " and " Odatis," 

 by Lewis Morris, the complete poetical works of 

 that author were collected into a large volume. 

 " New and Original Poems " were by Edward 

 Allingham ; " Love's Victory," by John Arthur 

 Blaikie ; " Essays in Verse," by D. G. Harris ; 

 " From Dawn to Sunset," by George Barlow ; 

 " Tintinnabula : New Poems," by Charles New- 

 ton-Robinson ; " God's Touch, and other Poems," 

 by Winifred A. Iverson ; and " A Life's Re- 

 quiem," by Kate Bishop. " Departmental Dit- 

 ties, and other Verse " of Rudyard Kipling were 

 collected, and " Songs of a Savoyard," by W. S. 

 Gilbert, were illustrated by him also. Robert 

 Bridges produced " The Christian Captives : a 

 Tragedy in Five Acts " and " Achilles in Scyros : 

 a Drama," both " in a mixed manner." Impor- 

 tant collections were " Great Odes, English and 

 American," edited by William Sharp ; " Women 

 Poets of the Victorian Era," edited by Mrs. 

 William Sharp; "Lyrics," selected from the 

 works of A. M. F. Robinson (Mme. J. Darme- 

 steter); "Australian Poets, 1788-1888," edited 

 by Douglas Sladen ; " Echoes from the Oxford 

 Magazine," reprints of seven years ; " Songs of 

 the Governing Classes and other Lyrics," by R. 

 Brough ; and " Humorous Poems of the Century," 

 by R. H. Caine. " Poetical Works " of Thomas 

 Lovell Beddoes were edited with a memoir by 

 Edmund Gosse, and the " Rejected Addresses " 

 of Horace and James Smith were also edited, 

 with introductory notes, by Percy Fitzgerald. 



Fiction. Fewer works of fiction were pub- 

 lished in England in 1890 than in 1889, but the 

 average was about three new novels per diem, 

 and one in a new edition for every week day. 

 The chief sensation in this class of literature 

 was made by Rudyard Kipling, whose short 

 stories dealing with Anglo-Indian life were col- 

 lected into a volume under the title of " Plain 

 Tales from the Hills." He also published two 

 novels, "The Light that failed" and "The 

 Story of the Gadsbys." Popular writers were 



